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- 0:00:04 Reframing the Cannabis Debate: The video argues that while the historical vilification of cannabis was excessive, the counter-narrative has often ignored its real dangers. It aims to present an honest, evidence-based look at the drug's downsides while still supporting legalization over prohibition.
- 0:01:45 Stronger Weed, Wider Use: The concentration of THC in cannabis products has more than doubled in recent decades. This trend, combined with increasing consumption, means more people are using stronger cannabis than ever before, which exacerbates nearly all associated risks.
- 0:03:34 The Reality of Cannabis Addiction: Contrary to popular belief, cannabis can be addictive. Studies show that while 8 out of 10 users are fine, 2 in 10 develop a Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD), and 1 in 10 develops a serious, life-impairing addiction. Key risk factors are high THC content, frequency of use, and a young starting age.
- 0:05:03 The Psychological Toll of Heavy Use: Heavy, long-term use is linked to numerous negative psychological effects, including irritability, paranoia, anxiety, and depression. It can create a "mental numbness" that stifles personal growth by dulling emotions and motivation, and it can also create a self-reinforcing cycle of loneliness and social withdrawal.
- 0:06:47 Acknowledging Withdrawal: Quitting heavy cannabis use can lead to significant physical and psychological withdrawal symptoms. These can include headaches, sweating, decreased appetite, severe sleep disturbances, anxiety, and a depressive mood that can last for several weeks.
- 0:08:42 The Critical Danger for Teenagers: The video stresses that cannabis is particularly harmful to the developing adolescent brain. Heavy use in teens is strongly correlated with poor academic performance, lower life satisfaction, and a significantly increased risk of developing serious, lifelong mental health issues like psychosis, schizophrenia, and anxiety disorders.
- 0:09:45 Key Takeaway: Moderation for Adults, Abstinence for Teens: For most adults, using cannabis in moderation is far less harmful than alcohol. However, the scientific evidence is clear that for individuals under 20, the risks of permanent, life-changing harm are too high, and they should avoid it entirely.
- 0:04 Cannabis Decriminalization & Legalization: Cannabis, long vilified, is increasingly being decriminalized and legalized worldwide, including recently in Germany.
- 0:14 Comparison to Alcohol: Compared to legal drugs like alcohol (which causes 1 in 20 deaths annually), cannabis is considered milder, but its negative effects have been overstated in the past.
- 0:30 Overstated Upsides & Research Barriers: Recent discourse has sometimes overstated cannabis's upsides and understated downsides. Criminalization previously hindered scientific study, especially on long-term effects, due to bureaucratic and legal hurdles.
- 1:03 New Evidence of Risks: Recent changes in research access have brought new evidence, revealing a "dark side" to cannabis: it's more addictive than previously thought and can have significant negative long-term effects.
- 1:28 Acknowledging Cannabis as a Drug: The video advocates for legal cannabis but stresses the need to treat it as a drug with both unique upsides and downsides, based on honest research.
- 1:45 Increasing THC Potency: Cannabis's active component, THC, has seen its concentration in legal and illegal products more than double in recent decades across the US, Canada, and Europe, with products containing over 60% THC becoming common.
- 2:39 Problems Worsen with Higher THC: Nearly every problem associated with weed escalates with higher THC doses.
- 2:44 Increased Consumption: In 2022, more people in the US consumed cannabis daily than alcohol for the first time. Overall usage has increased significantly since the early 1990s, predating widespread legalization.
- 3:34 Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD): While most users (8 out of 10) handle cannabis casually, about 2 out of 10 develop Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD), characterized by inability to stop, negative consequences, tolerance, and withdrawal.
- 4:15 CUD Risk Factors: The risk of CUD increases with higher THC amounts, more frequent consumption, and younger age at initiation.
- 4:41 Serious Addiction: One in ten users develops a serious addiction, often consuming daily, experiencing significant life impairment, and requiring increasingly higher doses due to tolerance.
- 5:00 Psychological Effects of Heavy Use: Heavy users may experience bad moods, irritability, restlessness, paranoia, anxiety, depression, and a self-reinforcing cycle of loneliness, leading to social withdrawal.
- 5:56 Mental Numbness & Stunted Growth: Chronic use can lead to mental numbness, making boredom acceptable and suppressing creativity, which also makes quitting difficult. It can also stunt personal development by preventing the processing of difficult emotions.
- 6:47 Physical Withdrawal Symptoms: Especially for daily users, withdrawal can cause headaches, sweating/chills, decreased appetite, fever, nausea, abdominal pain, sleep disturbances, vivid dreams, and a depressive or anxious mood. These symptoms typically subside within weeks.
- 7:36 Potential Brain Damage (Debated): THC directly interferes with brain chemistry, and there's some evidence it may alter brain structure, though whether these changes are reversible upon quitting is debated and requires more research.
- 8:11 Cognitive Impairments: Heavy use may impair memory, learning, reasoning, perception, attention span, decision-making, language abilities, and impulse control.
- 8:44 Significant Risks for Teenagers: Heavy cannabis use is particularly detrimental for teenagers, leading to higher addiction rates, poorer academic performance, lower life satisfaction, and a significantly increased risk of developing mental health issues like psychosis, schizophrenia, depression, or anxiety. The risk is higher with younger initiation and high THC doses.
- 10:07 Moderation and Age-Appropriate Use: While moderation is generally fine for adults and less harmful than alcohol, the science is clear that regular or heavy cannabis use is a bad idea for teenagers, with potentially life-changing consequences. It's recommended to wait until your 20s to experiment.
- 0:00:54 - 0:01:18: A preliminary technique is shown for removing sticky resin from gloves by gently "shimmying" the hand under a pile of material, suggesting the nature of the substances involved.
- 0:03:22 - 0:03:33: The speaker discusses "agglomerates" formed due to different polarities and charges, explaining that vibrating the material to check for these indicates the presence of undesired "meddling" (contaminants).
- 0:04:13 - 0:04:17: Specific particle sizes are mentioned, with "really big houses" (particles) ranging from 140 to 175 microns, highlighting the target material's granular nature.
- 0:04:34 - 0:04:54: A brushing technique is described where the brush pushes material, while airflow created by the brushing ("acting as a fan") directs desired "heads" (target material) in the flicked direction, causing "contaminant" to expand and move further away.
- 0:06:47 - 0:06:55: Observations on electrostatic properties are noted, with a material being "negatively charged about 5 to 15" and "almost as strong as that alone," indicating the role of charge in separation.
- 0:11:35 - 0:11:44: The texture and properties of the material change during processing, becoming "sandy" with a "different charge" and "different material," likened to "separating plastic to like an ore."
- 0:11:59 - 0:12:02: As the screen is "freed up," the gritty feeling intensifies, a key indicator of successful separation and removal of contaminants.
- 0:17:11 - 0:17:22: Instructions are provided on how to manipulate the material by hand, suggesting a flat hand while cupping and rubbing to gather and process.
- 0:18:22 - 0:18:29: A specific brush is introduced that "leaves a clean trail" and "doesn't charge the contaminants much," implying its specialized design for effective separation without dispersing impurities.
- 0:21:25 - 0:21:26: A crucial technique for handling material is shared: "Going slow picks it up, fast cleans it up," guiding the rhythm of the brushing action.
- 0:22:59 - 0:23:18: The process is shown to be progressive; initially, brushing causes material to "fly out far," but as the amount of desired material ("head contest") decreases, subsequent brushing keeps the material more contained.
- 0:23:20 - 0:23:31: Remaining material is then blown off with an air compressor, either to be re-cleaned or added to waste biomass.
- 0:24:35 - 0:24:57: The brush's action is detailed as "working it through" the screen, similar to a hand, constantly grabbing contaminants in "multiple little feathery stages" for thorough cleaning.
- 0:26:37 - 0:27:09: For optimal screen cleaning without losing bulk material, the material should be aggregated into the "most condensed pile" and rubbed until a distinct sound indicates the pores are clear and the "head" (desired material) is lifted, allowing for direct rubbing on the mesh.
identifier:7185
model:gemini-2.5-pro| input-price: 1.25 output-price: 10 max-context-length: 200_000
host:194.230.161.72
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qBRaI0ZeAf8include_comments:None
include_timestamps:1
include_glossary:None
output_language:en
cost:0.02770875
*Abstract:* This video presents a critical re-evaluation of cannabis, arguing that in the counter-movement against its historical vilification, its significant negative effects have been dangerously downplayed. Citing recent scientific research, the video details the dark side of cannabis use, even while maintaining a pro-legalization stance. It highlights the trend of rapidly increasing THC potency in available products. The discussion focuses on the reality of Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD), which affects an estimated 20% of users, with 10% developing a serious addiction. The video outlines the psychological toll of heavy use, including emotional numbness and loneliness, and details the significant physical and psychological symptoms of withdrawal. Finally, it emphasizes the severe and potentially irreversible cognitive and mental health risks for adolescents, linking early, heavy use to impaired brain development and a higher likelihood of developing disorders like psychosis and schizophrenia. The core message advocates for honest, science-based education on cannabis as a drug with real dangers, especially for young people. *A Sober Look at Cannabis: The Risks Behind the Hype* * *0:00:04 Reframing the Cannabis Debate:* The video argues that while the historical vilification of cannabis was excessive, the counter-narrative has often ignored its real dangers. It aims to present an honest, evidence-based look at the drug's downsides while still supporting legalization over prohibition. * *0:01:45 Stronger Weed, Wider Use:* The concentration of THC in cannabis products has more than doubled in recent decades. This trend, combined with increasing consumption, means more people are using stronger cannabis than ever before, which exacerbates nearly all associated risks. * *0:03:34 The Reality of Cannabis Addiction:* Contrary to popular belief, cannabis can be addictive. Studies show that while 8 out of 10 users are fine, 2 in 10 develop a Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD), and 1 in 10 develops a serious, life-impairing addiction. Key risk factors are high THC content, frequency of use, and a young starting age. * *0:05:03 The Psychological Toll of Heavy Use:* Heavy, long-term use is linked to numerous negative psychological effects, including irritability, paranoia, anxiety, and depression. It can create a "mental numbness" that stifles personal growth by dulling emotions and motivation, and it can also create a self-reinforcing cycle of loneliness and social withdrawal. * *0:06:47 Acknowledging Withdrawal:* Quitting heavy cannabis use can lead to significant physical and psychological withdrawal symptoms. These can include headaches, sweating, decreased appetite, severe sleep disturbances, anxiety, and a depressive mood that can last for several weeks. * *0:08:42 The Critical Danger for Teenagers:* The video stresses that cannabis is particularly harmful to the developing adolescent brain. Heavy use in teens is strongly correlated with poor academic performance, lower life satisfaction, and a significantly increased risk of developing serious, lifelong mental health issues like psychosis, schizophrenia, and anxiety disorders. * *0:09:45 Key Takeaway: Moderation for Adults, Abstinence for Teens:* For most adults, using cannabis in moderation is far less harmful than alcohol. However, the scientific evidence is clear that for individuals under 20, the risks of permanent, life-changing harm are too high, and they should avoid it entirely. I used gemini-2.5-pro| input-price: 1.25 output-price: 10 max-context-length: 200_000 on rocketrecap dot com to summarize the transcript. Cost (if I didn't use the free tier): $0.03 Input tokens: 16391 Output tokens: 722
Abstract:
This video presents a critical re-evaluation of cannabis, arguing that in the counter-movement against its historical vilification, its significant negative effects have been dangerously downplayed. Citing recent scientific research, the video details the dark side of cannabis use, even while maintaining a pro-legalization stance. It highlights the trend of rapidly increasing THC potency in available products. The discussion focuses on the reality of Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD), which affects an estimated 20% of users, with 10% developing a serious addiction. The video outlines the psychological toll of heavy use, including emotional numbness and loneliness, and details the significant physical and psychological symptoms of withdrawal. Finally, it emphasizes the severe and potentially irreversible cognitive and mental health risks for adolescents, linking early, heavy use to impaired brain development and a higher likelihood of developing disorders like psychosis and schizophrenia. The core message advocates for honest, science-based education on cannabis as a drug with real dangers, especially for young people.
A Sober Look at Cannabis: The Risks Behind the Hype
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Fluidigm Polaris Part 2- illuminator and camera
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Fluidigm Polaris part 1 : • Fluidigm Polaris (Part 1) - Biotech g...
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mikeselectricstuff
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40 Comments
@robertwatsonbath
6 hours ago
Thanks Mike. Ooof! - with the level of bodgery going on around 15:48 I think shame would have made me do a board re spin, out of my own pocket if I had to.
1
Reply
@Muonium1
9 hours ago
The green LED looks different from the others and uses phosphor conversion because of the "green gap" problem where green InGaN emitters suffer efficiency droop at high currents. Phosphide based emitters don't start becoming efficient until around 600nm so also can't be used for high power green emitters. See the paper and plot by Matthias Auf der Maur in his 2015 paper on alloy fluctuations in InGaN as the cause of reduced external quantum efficiency at longer (green) wavelengths.
4
Reply
1 reply
@tafsirnahian669
10 hours ago (edited)
Can this be used as an astrophotography camera?
Reply
mikeselectricstuff
·
1 reply
@mikeselectricstuff
6 hours ago
Yes, but may need a shutter to avoid light during readout
Reply
@2010craggy
11 hours ago
Narrowband filters we use in Astronomy (Astrophotography) are sided- they work best passing light in one direction so I guess the arrows on the filter frames indicate which way round to install them in the filter wheel.
1
Reply
@vitukz
12 hours ago
A mate with Channel @extractions&ire could use it
2
Reply
@RobertGallop
19 hours ago
That LED module says it can go up to 28 amps!!! 21 amps for 100%. You should see what it does at 20 amps!
Reply
@Prophes0r
19 hours ago
I had an "Oh SHIT!" moment when I realized that the weird trapezoidal shape of that light guide was for keystone correction of the light source.
Very clever.
6
Reply
@OneBiOzZ
20 hours ago
given the cost of the CCD you think they could have run another PCB for it
9
Reply
@tekvax01
21 hours ago
$20 thousand dollars per minute of run time!
1
Reply
@tekvax01
22 hours ago
"We spared no expense!" John Hammond Jurassic Park.
*(that's why this thing costs the same as a 50-seat Greyhound Bus coach!)
Reply
@florianf4257
22 hours ago
The smearing on the image could be due to the fact that you don't use a shutter, so you see brighter stripes under bright areas of the image as you still iluminate these pixels while the sensor data ist shifted out towards the top. I experienced this effect back at university with a LN-Cooled CCD for Spectroscopy. The stripes disapeared as soon as you used the shutter instead of disabling it in the open position (but fokussing at 100ms integration time and continuous readout with a focal plane shutter isn't much fun).
12
Reply
mikeselectricstuff
·
1 reply
@mikeselectricstuff
12 hours ago
I didn't think of that, but makes sense
2
Reply
@douro20
22 hours ago (edited)
The red LED reminds me of one from Roithner Lasertechnik. I have a Symbol 2D scanner which uses two very bright LEDs from that company, one red and one red-orange. The red-orange is behind a lens which focuses it into an extremely narrow beam.
1
Reply
@RicoElectrico
23 hours ago
PFG is Pulse Flush Gate according to the datasheet.
Reply
@dcallan812
23 hours ago
Very interesting. 2x
Reply
@littleboot_
1 day ago
Cool interesting device
Reply
@dav1dbone
1 day ago
I've stripped large projectors, looks similar, wonder if some of those castings are a magnesium alloy?
Reply
@kevywevvy8833
1 day ago
ironic that some of those Phlatlight modules are used in some of the cheapest disco lights.
1
Reply
1 reply
@bill6255
1 day ago
Great vid - gets right into subject in title, its packed with information, wraps up quickly. Should get a YT award! imho
3
Reply
@JAKOB1977
1 day ago (edited)
The whole sensor module incl. a 5 grand 50mpix sensor for 49 £.. highest bid atm
Though also a limited CCD sensor, but for the right buyer its a steal at these relative low sums.
Architecture Full Frame CCD (Square Pixels)
Total Number of Pixels 8304 (H) × 6220 (V) = 51.6 Mp
Number of Effective Pixels 8208 (H) × 6164 (V) = 50.5 Mp
Number of Active Pixels 8176 (H) × 6132 (V) = 50.1 Mp
Pixel Size 6.0 m (H) × 6.0 m (V)
Active Image Size 49.1 mm (H) × 36.8 mm (V)
61.3 mm (Diagonal),
645 1.1x Optical Format
Aspect Ratio 4:3
Horizontal Outputs 4
Saturation Signal 40.3 ke−
Output Sensitivity 31 V/e−
Quantum Efficiency
KAF−50100−CAA
KAF−50100−AAA
KAF−50100−ABA (with Lens)
22%, 22%, 16% (Peak R, G, B)
25%
62%
Read Noise (f = 18 MHz) 12.5 e−
Dark Signal (T = 60°C) 42 pA/cm2
Dark Current Doubling Temperature 5.7°C
Dynamic Range (f = 18 MHz) 70.2 dB
Estimated Linear Dynamic Range
(f = 18 MHz)
69.3 dB
Charge Transfer Efficiency
Horizontal
Vertical
0.999995
0.999999
Blooming Protection
(4 ms Exposure Time)
800X Saturation Exposure
Maximum Date Rate 18 MHz
Package Ceramic PGA
Cover Glass MAR Coated, 2 Sides or
Clear Glass
Features
• TRUESENSE Transparent Gate Electrode
for High Sensitivity
• Ultra-High Resolution
• Board Dynamic Range
• Low Noise Architecture
• Large Active Imaging Area
Applications
• Digitization
• Mapping/Aerial
• Photography
• Scientific
Thx for the tear down Mike, always a joy
Reply
@martinalooksatthings
1 day ago
15:49 that is some great bodging on of caps, they really didn't want to respin that PCB huh
8
Reply
@RhythmGamer
1 day ago
Was depressed today and then a new mike video dropped and now I’m genuinely happy to get my tear down fix
1
Reply
@dine9093
1 day ago (edited)
Did you transfrom into Mr Blobby for a moment there?
2
Reply
@NickNorton
1 day ago
Thanks Mike. Your videos are always interesting.
5
Reply
@KeritechElectronics
1 day ago
Heavy optics indeed... Spare no expense, cost no object. Splendid build quality. The CCD is a thing of beauty!
1
Reply
@YSoreil
1 day ago
The pricing on that sensor is about right, I looked in to these many years ago when they were still in production since it's the only large sensor you could actually buy. Really cool to see one in the wild.
2
Reply
@snik2pl
1 day ago
That leds look like from led projector
Reply
@vincei4252
1 day ago
TDI = Time Domain Integration ?
1
Reply
@wolpumba4099
1 day ago (edited)
Maybe the camera should not be illuminated during readout.
From the datasheet of the sensor (Onsemi): saturation 40300 electrons, read noise 12.5 electrons per pixel @ 18MHz (quite bad). quantum efficiency 62% (if it has micro lenses), frame rate 1 Hz. lateral overflow drain to prevent blooming protects against 800x (factor increases linearly with exposure time) saturation exposure (32e6 electrons per pixel at 4ms exposure time), microlens has +/- 20 degree acceptance angle
i guess it would be good for astrophotography
4
Reply
@txm100
1 day ago (edited)
Babe wake up a new mikeselectricstuff has dropped!
9
Reply
@vincei4252
1 day ago
That looks like a finger-lakes filter wheel, however, for astronomy they'd never use such a large stepper.
1
Reply
@MRooodddvvv
1 day ago
yaaaaay ! more overcomplicated optical stuff !
4
Reply
1 reply
@NoPegs
1 day ago
He lives!
11
Reply
1 reply
Transcript
0:00
so I've stripped all the bits of the
0:01
optical system so basically we've got
0:03
the uh the camera
0:05
itself which is mounted on this uh very
0:09
complex
0:10
adjustment thing which obviously to set
0:13
you the various tilt and uh alignment
0:15
stuff then there's two of these massive
0:18
lenses I've taken one of these apart I
0:20
think there's something like about eight
0:22
or nine Optical elements in here these
0:25
don't seem to do a great deal in terms
0:26
of electr magnification they're obiously
0:28
just about getting the image to where it
0:29
uh where it needs to be just so that
0:33
goes like that then this Optical block I
0:36
originally thought this was made of some
0:37
s crazy heavy material but it's just
0:39
really the sum of all these Optical bits
0:41
are just ridiculously heavy those lenses
0:43
are about 4 kilos each and then there's
0:45
this very heavy very solid um piece that
0:47
goes in the middle and this is so this
0:49
is the filter wheel assembly with a
0:51
hilariously oversized steper
0:53
motor driving this wheel with these very
0:57
large narrow band filters so we've got
1:00
various different shades of uh
1:03
filters there five Al together that
1:06
one's actually just showing up a silver
1:07
that's actually a a red but fairly low
1:10
transmission orangey red blue green
1:15
there's an excess cover on this side so
1:16
the filters can be accessed and changed
1:19
without taking anything else apart even
1:21
this is like ridiculous it's like solid
1:23
aluminium this is just basically a cover
1:25
the actual wavelengths of these are um
1:27
488 525 570 630 and 700 NM not sure what
1:32
the suffix on that perhaps that's the uh
1:34
the width of the spectral line say these
1:37
are very narrow band filters most of
1:39
them are you very little light through
1:41
so it's still very tight narrow band to
1:43
match the um fluoresence of the dies
1:45
they're using in the biochemical process
1:48
and obviously to reject the light that's
1:49
being fired at it from that Illuminator
1:51
box and then there's a there's a second
1:53
one of these lenses then the actual sort
1:55
of samples below that so uh very serious
1:58
amount of very uh chunky heavy Optics
2:01
okay let's take a look at this light
2:02
source made by company Lumen Dynamics
2:04
who are now part of
2:06
excelitas self-contained unit power
2:08
connector USB and this which one of the
2:11
Cable Bundle said was a TTL interface
2:14
USB wasn't used in uh the fluid
2:17
application output here and I think this
2:19
is an input for um light feedback I
2:21
don't if it's regulated or just a measur
2:23
measurement facility and the uh fiber
2:27
assembly
2:29
Square Inlet there and then there's two
2:32
outputs which have uh lens assemblies
2:35
and this small one which goes back into
2:37
that small Port just Loops out of here
2:40
straight back in So on this side we've
2:42
got the electronics which look pretty
2:44
straightforward we've got a bit of power
2:45
supply stuff over here and we've got
2:48
separate drivers for each wavelength now
2:50
interesting this is clearly been very
2:52
specifically made for this application
2:54
you I was half expecting like say some
2:56
generic drivers that could be used for a
2:58
number of different things but actually
3:00
literally specified the exact wavelength
3:02
on the PCB there is provision here for
3:04
385 NM which isn't populated but this is
3:07
clearly been designed very specifically
3:09
so these four drivers look the same but
3:10
then there's two higher power ones for
3:12
575 and
3:14
520 a slightly bigger heat sink on this
3:16
575 section there a p 24 which is
3:20
providing USB interface USB isolator the
3:23
USB interface just presents as a comport
3:26
I did have a quick look but I didn't
3:27
actually get anything sensible um I did
3:29
dump the Pi code out and there's a few
3:31
you a few sort of commands that you
3:32
could see in text but I didn't actually
3:34
manage to get it working properly I
3:36
found some software for related version
3:38
but it didn't seem to want to talk to it
3:39
but um I say that wasn't used for the
3:41
original application it might be quite
3:42
interesting to get try and get the Run
3:44
hours count out of it and the TTL
3:46
interface looks fairly straightforward
3:48
we've got positions for six opto
3:50
isolators but only five five are
3:52
installed so that corresponds with the
3:54
unused thing so I think this hopefully
3:56
should be as simple as just providing a
3:57
ttrl signal for each color to uh enable
4:00
it a big heat sink here which is there I
4:03
think there's like a big S of metal
4:04
plate through the middle of this that
4:05
all the leads are mounted on the other
4:07
side so this is heat sinking it with a
4:09
air flow from a uh just a fan in here
4:13
obviously don't have the air flow
4:14
anywhere near the Optics so conduction
4:17
cool through to this plate that's then
4:18
uh air cooled got some pots which are
4:21
presumably power
4:22
adjustments okay let's take a look at
4:24
the other side which is uh much more
4:27
interesting see we've got some uh very
4:31
uh neatly Twisted cable assemblies there
4:35
a bunch of leads so we've got one here
4:37
475 up here 430 NM 630 575 and 520
4:44
filters and dcro mirrors a quick way to
4:48
see what's white is if we just shine
4:49
some white light through
4:51
here not sure how it is is to see on the
4:54
camera but shining white light we do
4:55
actually get a bit of red a bit of blue
4:57
some yellow here so the obstacle path
5:00
575 it goes sort of here bounces off
5:03
this mirror and goes out the 520 goes
5:07
sort of down here across here and up
5:09
there 630 goes basically straight
5:13
through
5:15
430 goes across there down there along
5:17
there and the 475 goes down here and
5:20
left this is the light sensing thing
5:22
think here there's just a um I think
5:24
there a photo diode or other sensor
5:26
haven't actually taken that off and
5:28
everything's fixed down to this chunk of
5:31
aluminium which acts as the heat
5:32
spreader that then conducts the heat to
5:33
the back side for the heat
5:35
sink and the actual lead packages all
5:38
look fairly similar except for this one
5:41
on the 575 which looks quite a bit more
5:44
substantial big spay
5:46
Terminals and the interface for this
5:48
turned out to be extremely simple it's
5:50
literally a 5V TTL level to enable each
5:54
color doesn't seem to be any tensity
5:56
control but there are some additional
5:58
pins on that connector that weren't used
5:59
in the through time thing so maybe
6:01
there's some extra lines that control
6:02
that I couldn't find any data on this uh
6:05
unit and the um their current product
6:07
range is quite significantly different
6:09
so we've got the uh blue these
6:13
might may well be saturating the camera
6:16
so they might look a bit weird so that's
6:17
the 430
6:18
blue the 575
6:24
yellow uh
6:26
475 light blue
6:29
the uh 520
6:31
green and the uh 630 red now one
6:36
interesting thing I noticed for the
6:39
575 it's actually it's actually using a
6:42
white lead and then filtering it rather
6:44
than using all the other ones are using
6:46
leads which are the fundamental colors
6:47
but uh this is actually doing white and
6:50
it's a combination of this filter and
6:52
the dichroic mirrors that are turning to
6:55
Yellow if we take the filter out and a
6:57
lot of the a lot of the um blue content
7:00
is going this way the red is going
7:02
straight through these two mirrors so
7:05
this is clearly not reflecting much of
7:08
that so we end up with the yellow coming
7:10
out of uh out of there which is a fairly
7:14
light yellow color which you don't
7:16
really see from high intensity leads so
7:19
that's clearly why they've used the
7:20
white to uh do this power consumption of
7:23
the white is pretty high so going up to
7:25
about 2 and 1 half amps on that color
7:27
whereas most of the other colors are
7:28
only drawing half an amp or so at 24
7:30
volts the uh the green is up to about
7:32
1.2 but say this thing is uh much
7:35
brighter and if you actually run all the
7:38
colors at the same time you get a fairly
7:41
reasonable um looking white coming out
7:43
of it and one thing you might just be
7:45
out to notice is there is some sort
7:46
color banding around here that's not
7:49
getting uh everything s completely
7:51
concentric and I think that's where this
7:53
fiber optic thing comes
7:58
in I'll
8:00
get a couple of Fairly accurately shaped
8:04
very sort of uniform color and looking
8:06
at What's um inside here we've basically
8:09
just got this Square Rod so this is
8:12
clearly yeah the lights just bouncing
8:13
off all the all the various sides to um
8:16
get a nice uniform illumination uh this
8:19
back bit looks like it's all potted so
8:21
nothing I really do to get in there I
8:24
think this is fiber so I have come
8:26
across um cables like this which are
8:27
liquid fill but just looking through the
8:30
end of this it's probably a bit hard to
8:31
see it does look like there fiber ends
8:34
going going on there and so there's this
8:36
feedback thing which is just obviously
8:39
compensating for the any light losses
8:41
through here to get an accurate
8:43
representation of uh the light that's
8:45
been launched out of these two
8:47
fibers and you see uh
8:49
these have got this sort of trapezium
8:54
shape light guides again it's like a
8:56
sort of acrylic or glass light guide
9:00
guess projected just to make the right
9:03
rectangular
9:04
shape and look at this Center assembly
9:07
um the light output doesn't uh change
9:10
whether you feed this in or not so it's
9:11
clear not doing any internal Clos Loop
9:14
control obviously there may well be some
9:16
facility for it to do that but it's not
9:17
being used in this
9:19
application and so this output just
9:21
produces a voltage on the uh outle
9:24
connector proportional to the amount of
9:26
light that's present so there's a little
9:28
diffuser in the back there
9:30
and then there's just some kind of uh
9:33
Optical sensor looks like a
9:35
chip looking at the lead it's a very
9:37
small package on the PCB with this lens
9:40
assembly over the top and these look
9:43
like they're actually on a copper
9:44
Metalized PCB for maximum thermal
9:47
performance and yeah it's a very small
9:49
package looks like it's a ceramic
9:51
package and there's a thermister there
9:53
for temperature monitoring this is the
9:56
475 blue one this is the 520 need to
9:59
Green which is uh rather different OB
10:02
it's a much bigger D with lots of bond
10:04
wise but also this looks like it's using
10:05
a phosphor if I shine a blue light at it
10:08
lights up green so this is actually a
10:10
phosphor conversion green lead which
10:12
I've I've come across before they want
10:15
that specific wavelength so they may be
10:17
easier to tune a phosphor than tune the
10:20
um semiconductor material to get the uh
10:23
right right wavelength from the lead
10:24
directly uh red 630 similar size to the
10:28
blue one or does seem to have a uh a
10:31
lens on top of it there is a sort of red
10:33
coloring to
10:35
the die but that doesn't appear to be
10:38
fluorescent as far as I can
10:39
tell and the white one again a little
10:41
bit different sort of much higher
10:43
current
10:46
connectors a makeer name on that
10:48
connector flot light not sure if that's
10:52
the connector or the lead
10:54
itself and obviously with the phosphor
10:56
and I'd imagine that phosphor may well
10:58
be tuned to get the maximum to the uh 5
11:01
cenm and actually this white one looks
11:04
like a St fairly standard product I just
11:06
found it in Mouse made by luminous
11:09
devices in fact actually I think all
11:11
these are based on various luminous
11:13
devices modules and they're you take
11:17
looks like they taking the nearest
11:18
wavelength and then just using these
11:19
filters to clean it up to get a precise
11:22
uh spectral line out of it so quite a
11:25
nice neat and um extreme
11:30
bright light source uh sure I've got any
11:33
particular use for it so I think this
11:35
might end up on
11:36
eBay but uh very pretty to look out and
11:40
without the uh risk of burning your eyes
11:43
out like you do with lasers so I thought
11:45
it would be interesting to try and
11:46
figure out the runtime of this things
11:48
like this we usually keep some sort
11:49
record of runtime cuz leads degrade over
11:51
time I couldn't get any software to work
11:52
through the USB face but then had a
11:54
thought probably going to be writing the
11:55
runtime periodically to the e s prom so
11:58
I just just scope up that and noticed it
12:00
was doing right every 5 minutes so I
12:02
just ran it for a while periodically
12:04
reading the E squ I just held the pick
12:05
in in reset and um put clip over to read
12:07
the square prom and found it was writing
12:10
one location per color every 5 minutes
12:12
so if one color was on it would write
12:14
that location every 5 minutes and just
12:16
increment it by one so after doing a few
12:18
tests with different colors of different
12:19
time periods it looked extremely
12:21
straightforward it's like a four bite
12:22
count for each color looking at the
12:24
original data that was in it all the
12:26
colors apart from Green were reading
12:28
zero and the green was reading four
12:30
indicating a total 20 minutes run time
12:32
ever if it was turned on run for a short
12:34
time then turned off that might not have
12:36
been counted but even so indicates this
12:37
thing wasn't used a great deal the whole
12:40
s process of doing a run can be several
12:42
hours but it'll only be doing probably
12:43
the Imaging at the end of that so you
12:46
wouldn't expect to be running for a long
12:47
time but say a single color for 20
12:50
minutes over its whole lifetime does
12:52
seem a little bit on the low side okay
12:55
let's look at the camera un fortunately
12:57
I managed to not record any sound when I
12:58
did this it's also a couple of months
13:00
ago so there's going to be a few details
13:02
that I've forgotten so I'm just going to
13:04
dub this over the original footage so um
13:07
take the lid off see this massive great
13:10
heat sink so this is a pel cool camera
13:12
we've got this blower fan producing a
13:14
fair amount of air flow through
13:16
it the connector here there's the ccds
13:19
mounted on the board on the
13:24
right this unplugs so we've got a bit of
13:27
power supply stuff on here
13:29
USB interface I think that's the Cyprus
13:32
microcontroller High speeded USB
13:34
interface there's a zyink spon fpga some
13:40
RAM and there's a couple of ATD
13:42
converters can't quite read what those
13:45
those are but anal
13:47
devices um little bit of bodgery around
13:51
here extra decoupling obviously they
13:53
have having some noise issues this is
13:55
around the ram chip quite a lot of extra
13:57
capacitors been added there
13:59
uh there's a couple of amplifiers prior
14:01
to the HD converter buffers or Andor
14:05
amplifiers taking the CCD
14:08
signal um bit more power spy stuff here
14:11
this is probably all to do with
14:12
generating the various CCD bias voltages
14:14
they uh need quite a lot of exotic
14:18
voltages next board down is just a
14:20
shield and an interconnect
14:24
boardly shielding the power supply stuff
14:26
from some the more sensitive an log
14:28
stuff
14:31
and this is the bottom board which is
14:32
just all power supply
14:34
stuff as you can see tons of capacitors
14:37
or Transformer in
14:42
there and this is the CCD which is a uh
14:47
very impressive thing this is a kf50 100
14:50
originally by true sense then codec
14:53
there ON
14:54
Semiconductor it's 50 megapixels uh the
14:58
only price I could find was this one
15:00
5,000 bucks and the architecture you can
15:03
see there actually two separate halves
15:04
which explains the Dual AZ converters
15:06
and two amplifiers it's literally split
15:08
down the middle and duplicated so it's
15:10
outputting two streams in parallel just
15:13
to keep the bandwidth sensible and it's
15:15
got this amazing um diffraction effects
15:18
it's got micro lenses over the pixel so
15:20
there's there's a bit more Optics going
15:22
on than on a normal
15:25
sensor few more bodges on the CCD board
15:28
including this wire which isn't really
15:29
tacked down very well which is a bit uh
15:32
bit of a mess quite a few bits around
15:34
this board where they've uh tacked
15:36
various bits on which is not super
15:38
impressive looks like CCD drivers on the
15:40
left with those 3 ohm um damping
15:43
resistors on the
15:47
output get a few more little bodges
15:50
around here some of
15:52
the and there's this separator the
15:54
silica gel to keep the moisture down but
15:56
there's this separator that actually
15:58
appears to be cut from piece of
15:59
antistatic
16:04
bag and this sort of thermal block on
16:06
top of this stack of three pel Cola
16:12
modules so as with any Stacks they get
16:16
um larger as they go back towards the
16:18
heat sink because each P's got to not
16:20
only take the heat from the previous but
16:21
also the waste heat which is quite
16:27
significant you see a little temperature
16:29
sensor here that copper block which
16:32
makes contact with the back of the
16:37
CCD and this's the back of the
16:40
pelas this then contacts the heat sink
16:44
on the uh rear there a few thermal pads
16:46
as well for some of the other power
16:47
components on this
16:51
PCB okay I've connected this uh camera
16:54
up I found some drivers on the disc that
16:56
seem to work under Windows 7 couldn't
16:58
get to install under Windows 11 though
17:01
um in the absence of any sort of lens or
17:03
being bothered to the proper amount I've
17:04
just put some f over it and put a little
17:06
pin in there to make a pinhole lens and
17:08
software gives a few options I'm not
17:11
entirely sure what all these are there's
17:12
obviously a clock frequency 22 MHz low
17:15
gain and with PFG no idea what that is
17:19
something something game programmable
17:20
Something game perhaps ver exposure
17:23
types I think focus is just like a
17:25
continuous grab until you tell it to
17:27
stop not entirely sure all these options
17:30
are obviously exposure time uh triggers
17:33
there ex external hardware trigger inut
17:35
you just trigger using a um thing on
17:37
screen so the resolution is 8176 by
17:40
6132 and you can actually bin those
17:42
where you combine multiple pixels to get
17:46
increased gain at the expense of lower
17:48
resolution down this is a 10sec exposure
17:51
obviously of the pin hole it's very uh
17:53
intensitive so we just stand still now
17:56
downloading it there's the uh exposure
17:59
so when it's
18:01
um there's a little status thing down
18:03
here so that tells you the um exposure
18:07
[Applause]
18:09
time it's this is just it
18:15
downloading um it is quite I'm seeing
18:18
quite a lot like smearing I think that I
18:20
don't know whether that's just due to
18:21
pixels overloading or something else I
18:24
mean yeah it's not it's not um out of
18:26
the question that there's something not
18:27
totally right about this camera
18:28
certainly was bodge wise on there um I
18:31
don't I'd imagine a camera like this
18:32
it's got a fairly narrow range of
18:34
intensities that it's happy with I'm not
18:36
going to spend a great deal of time on
18:38
this if you're interested in this camera
18:40
maybe for astronomy or something and
18:42
happy to sort of take the risk of it may
18:44
not be uh perfect I'll um I think I'll
18:47
stick this on eBay along with the
18:48
Illuminator I'll put a link down in the
18:50
description to the listing take your
18:52
chances to grab a bargain so for example
18:54
here we see this vertical streaking so
18:56
I'm not sure how normal that is this is
18:58
on fairly bright scene looking out the
19:02
window if I cut the exposure time down
19:04
on that it's now 1 second
19:07
exposure again most of the image
19:09
disappears again this is looks like it's
19:11
possibly over still overloading here go
19:14
that go down to say say quarter a
19:16
second so again I think there might be
19:19
some Auto gain control going on here um
19:21
this is with the PFG option let's try
19:23
turning that off and see what
19:25
happens so I'm not sure this is actually
19:27
more streaking or which just it's
19:29
cranked up the gain all the dis display
19:31
gray scale to show what um you know the
19:33
range of things that it's captured
19:36
there's one of one of 12 things in the
19:38
software there's um you can see of you
19:40
can't seem to read out the temperature
19:42
of the pelta cooler but you can set the
19:44
temperature and if you said it's a
19:46
different temperature you see the power
19:48
consumption jump up running the cooler
19:50
to get the temperature you requested but
19:52
I can't see anything anywhere that tells
19:54
you whether the cool is at the at the
19:56
temperature other than the power
19:57
consumption going down and there's no
19:59
temperature read out
20:03
here and just some yeah this is just
20:05
sort of very basic software I'm sure
20:07
there's like an API for more
20:09
sophisticated
20:10
applications but so if you know anything
20:12
more about these cameras please um stick
20:14
in the
20:15
comments um incidentally when I was
20:18
editing I didn't notice there was a bent
20:19
pin on the um CCD but I did fix that
20:22
before doing these tests and also
20:24
reactivated the um silica gel desicant
20:26
cuz I noticed it was uh I was getting
20:28
bit of condensation on the window but um
20:31
yeah so a couple of uh interesting but
20:34
maybe not particularly uh useful pieces
20:37
of Kit except for someone that's got a
20:38
very specific use so um I'll stick a
20:42
I'll stick these on eBay put a link in
20:44
the description and say hopefully
20:45
someone could actually make some uh good
20:47
use of these things
Example Output:
**Abstract:**
This video presents Part 2 of a teardown focusing on the optical components of a Fluidigm Polaris biotechnology instrument, specifically the multi-wavelength illuminator and the high-resolution CCD camera.
The Lumen Dynamics illuminator unit is examined in detail, revealing its construction using multiple high-power LEDs (430nm, 475nm, 520nm, 575nm, 630nm) combined via dichroic mirrors and filters. A square fiber optic rod is used to homogenize the light. A notable finding is the use of a phosphor-converted white LED filtered to achieve the 575nm output. The unit features simple TTL activation for each color, conduction cooling, and internal homogenization optics. Analysis of its EEPROM suggests extremely low operational runtime.
The camera module teardown showcases a 50 Megapixel ON Semiconductor KAF-50100 CCD sensor with micro-lenses, cooled by a multi-stage Peltier stack. The control electronics include an FPGA and a USB interface. Significant post-manufacturing modifications ("bodges") are observed on the camera's circuit boards. Basic functional testing using vendor software and a pinhole lens confirms image capture but reveals prominent vertical streaking artifacts, the cause of which remains uncertain (potential overload, readout artifact, or fault).
**Exploring the Fluidigm Polaris: A Detailed Look at its High-End Optics and Camera System**
* **0:00 High-End Optics:** The system utilizes heavy, high-quality lenses and mirrors for precise imaging, weighing around 4 kilos each.
* **0:49 Narrow Band Filters:** A filter wheel with five narrow band filters (488, 525, 570, 630, and 700 nm) ensures accurate fluorescence detection and rejection of excitation light.
* **2:01 Customizable Illumination:** The Lumen Dynamics light source offers five individually controllable LED wavelengths (430, 475, 520, 575, 630 nm) with varying power outputs. The 575nm yellow LED is uniquely achieved using a white LED with filtering.
* **3:45 TTL Control:** The light source is controlled via a simple TTL interface, enabling easy on/off switching for each LED color.
* **12:55 Sophisticated Camera:** The system includes a 50-megapixel Kodak KAI-50100 CCD camera with a Peltier cooling system for reduced noise.
* **14:54 High-Speed Data Transfer:** The camera features dual analog-to-digital converters to manage the high data throughput of the 50-megapixel sensor, which is effectively two 25-megapixel sensors operating in parallel.
* **18:11 Possible Issues:** The video creator noted some potential issues with the camera, including image smearing.
* **18:11 Limited Dynamic Range:** The camera's sensor has a limited dynamic range, making it potentially challenging to capture scenes with a wide range of brightness levels.
* **11:45 Low Runtime:** Internal data suggests the system has seen minimal usage, with only 20 minutes of recorded runtime for the green LED.
* **20:38 Availability on eBay:** Both the illuminator and camera are expected to be listed for sale on eBay.
Here is the real transcript. Please summarize it:
00:00:04 cannabis has been vilified to a
00:00:04 ridiculous degree for the last century
00:00:06 but it's now finally being
00:00:08 decriminalized in more and more places
00:00:10 around the world it's just recently been
00:00:12 legalized in Germany and for very good
00:00:14 reasons compared to legal drugs like
00:00:17 alcohol which will cause one in 20
00:00:19 deaths just this year cannabis is pretty
00:00:22 mild so to justify harsh prosecution and
00:00:25 Punishment its negative effects have
00:00:27 been wildly overstated now there was a
00:00:30 lot of push back and here something went
00:00:32 wrong if you followed the discourse over
00:00:35 the last few years you might have got
00:00:37 the impression that weed has almost only
00:00:39 upsides and few if any negative side
00:00:42 effects we ourselves contributed to that
00:00:45 narrative what made this worse is that
00:00:47 criminalization made it very hard for
00:00:49 scientists to study cannabis especially
00:00:51 its long-term effects they faced
00:00:53 bureaucratic and legal hurdles and
00:00:55 studies often had to rely on small
00:00:57 sample sizes in the last few years this
00:01:00 finally started to change so it's time
00:01:03 to bring new evidence to the
00:01:04 discussion and well it's not pretty
00:01:08 while weed is still much less harmful
00:01:10 than alcohol it does have a dark side it
00:01:14 is more addictive than we thought and
00:01:16 can have significant negative effects if
00:01:18 you use it long term it seems that uh
00:01:23 what are you doing before you tell us
00:01:26 how dumb we are please watch the video
00:01:28 to be crystal clear we think prohibition
00:01:31 doesn't work and cannabis should be
00:01:32 legal but this also means that we need
00:01:34 to treat it as what it is a drug with
00:01:37 unique upsides and downsides so let's
00:01:41 take an honest look at some of the
00:01:43 latest research
00:01:45 together weed is getting stronger and
00:01:48 stronger cannabis's magic juice is Tetra
00:01:52 hydr canabal THC it docks on your
00:01:55 cannabinoid receptors which affects
00:01:57 various brain functions th C activates
00:02:00 some regions and calms down others
00:02:03 creating a fun cocktail of Sensations
00:02:06 the more THC the more intense the high
00:02:09 and people seem to be into higher highs
00:02:12 or at least this is what the market is
00:02:14 providing in the US Canada and in Europe
00:02:17 the concentration of THC in legal and
00:02:19 illegal cannabis products has more than
00:02:21 doubled in the last few decades while
00:02:24 ever more potent strains are bred
00:02:25 products like Edibles or concentrates
00:02:27 with more than 60% THC have become
00:02:30 increasingly common while the share of
00:02:32 products with less than 15% THC has
00:02:36 declined unfortunately just about every
00:02:39 problem weed creates gets worse at
00:02:41 higher THC doses at the same time more
00:02:44 and more people use weed in the US more
00:02:47 people consumed cannabis daily than
00:02:49 alcohol for the first time in
00:02:51 2022 in Canada 26% of people 16 and
00:02:55 older use it up from 22% in 2018 it's
00:02:59 not possible to say if legalization is
00:03:01 the reason for this though since studies
00:03:03 are pretty inconsistent and Vary
00:03:06 massively between different users in
00:03:08 some consumption went up in others it
00:03:11 stayed stable and the trend to use more
00:03:13 weat began in the early '90s and sped up
00:03:16 in the 2000s way earlier than
00:03:19 legalization so today more people
00:03:21 consume more weed than ever before in
00:03:23 the last century and it's the strongest
00:03:26 it's ever been what are we seeing as a
00:03:28 result of this
00:03:30 let's start with something that used to
00:03:32 get you laughed out of the room
00:03:34 addiction weed addiction and withdrawal
00:03:38 symptoms a big narrative about weed is
00:03:40 that it's not addictive or at least not
00:03:42 that big of a deal and for most people
00:03:45 this is true studies clearly show that
00:03:47 the majority handled it well for eight
00:03:49 out of 10 using weed it's just a casual
00:03:51 high and not problematic at all about
00:03:54 two in 10 users develop a cannabis use
00:03:56 disorder or
00:03:58 cud cud has 11 different symptoms from
00:04:01 the inability to stop when you've had
00:04:03 enough to using it when you know it will
00:04:04 have negative consequences to tolerance
00:04:07 and
00:04:07 withdrawal they can all basically be
00:04:10 reduced to you're doing it too often
00:04:12 even if it's bad for you and it's less
00:04:14 fun than it could be there are three
00:04:16 major risk factors here the amount of
00:04:19 THC how often you consume and your age
00:04:22 when you start using cannabis the more
00:04:25 THC the more often and the younger you
00:04:28 are when you start the harder High your
00:04:30 risk if you smoke too much weed too
00:04:33 often it will have negative impacts on
00:04:35 your life so if this is you toning it
00:04:39 down a bit will make a big difference
00:04:41 one in 10 users develops a serious
00:04:43 addiction they usually consumed daily
00:04:46 and their life is significantly impaired
00:04:48 or held back because they spend a lot of
00:04:50 their time either using or recovering
00:04:52 from cannabis use since their brain is
00:04:55 building a tolerance they need
00:04:57 increasingly high doses or stronger
00:04:59 weaks
00:05:00 often both studies found a variety of
00:05:03 negative effects heavy users can
00:05:05 experience bad moods feel irritable
00:05:07 restless paranoid anxious and even
00:05:10 depressive in a sad Twist of irony for
00:05:13 many addicts it feels like they need
00:05:15 weed to fight these symptoms maybe it
00:05:17 did actually help at first while in
00:05:19 reality it makes those symptoms stronger
00:05:22 and more persistent studies also found
00:05:25 that loneliness and frequent cannabis
00:05:27 use go hand inand if you feel lonely
00:05:30 you're more likely to use weed and if
00:05:32 you use weed you may experience more
00:05:34 loneliness it's not always easy to say
00:05:36 which came first but they seem to
00:05:38 reinforce each other so on the one hand
00:05:42 cannabis makes loneliness feel much less
00:05:44 bad on the other hand it can also make
00:05:46 you feel more socially awkward than you
00:05:48 actually are and withdraw from friends
00:05:51 this can lead to a downward spiral that
00:05:53 ends in self-isolation and chronic
00:05:56 loneliness another thing many people who
00:05:58 consume a lot experience is a mental
00:06:00 numbness that makes boredom feel okay
00:06:03 because it impacts the reward system of
00:06:05 your brain not great but good enough you
00:06:08 can spend your day killing time binging
00:06:10 mly interesting stuff being numb rather
00:06:14 than having fun boredom is a signal to
00:06:17 your mind to get creative or learn
00:06:19 something new but this is suppressed
00:06:22 this also makes quitting so much harder
00:06:24 because your daily routines suddenly
00:06:25 seem boring and unexciting making it
00:06:28 very tempting to go back
00:06:30 if you find yourself using constantly
00:06:33 this can also stunt your development as
00:06:34 a person the numbness dulls bad feelings
00:06:38 making it easy not to deal with them but
00:06:40 in life you can only get over bad
00:06:42 feelings if you actually feel them and
00:06:44 you have to process them to grow lastly
00:06:47 let's talk about physical withdrawal
00:06:49 symptoms the more you consume the worse
00:06:51 they'll be for you especially if you use
00:06:54 daily withdrawal can cause headaches and
00:06:56 sweating or chills decreased appetite
00:06:59 severe cases even fever nausea and
00:07:02 abdominal pain you might have trouble
00:07:04 falling asleep and if you do you might
00:07:06 have disturbing and vivid dreams the
00:07:09 withdrawal can put you in a depressive
00:07:11 mood where life feels DED and pointless
00:07:14 you can feel Restless angry anxious or
00:07:17 nervous you may feel unable to do
00:07:19 anything at all after a few days these
00:07:22 symptoms will begin to subside and after
00:07:24 a few weeks they'll be gone entirely the
00:07:27 exact time depends on how much and how
00:07:29 long you've been consuming
00:07:31 cannabis now let's get to the worst part
00:07:36 weed may damage your
00:07:38 brain this section was not fun to
00:07:40 research because there's Fierce debate
00:07:42 among researchers how bad weed is for
00:07:44 your brain and whether it has
00:07:46 irreversible long-term consequences or
00:07:48 not there's no consensus yet and it's
00:07:51 hard to say anything definitive having
00:07:54 said that THC directly interferes with
00:07:57 critical brain chemistry there is some
00:07:59 evidence that it may alter its structure
00:08:02 if it does this may go away again if you
00:08:04 quit after a few years or not we don't
00:08:07 know yet the consequences vary a lot
00:08:11 between individuals but especially for
00:08:13 heavy users they have a variety of
00:08:15 potentially unfunny downsides the most
00:08:17 common one is that your memory gets
00:08:20 significantly
00:08:21 worse sustained heavy use May reduce
00:08:24 your ability to learn your reasoning
00:08:27 perception attention span decision
00:08:29 making language abilities and impulse
00:08:32 control most negative effects seem to go
00:08:34 away or at least weaken over time after
00:08:37 you quit but again we simply don't know
00:08:39 enough and need more research where the
00:08:42 evidence is much clearer is that
00:08:44 consuming a lot of weed is really bad
00:08:47 for teenagers on multiple levels if you
00:08:50 start using heavily early you have many
00:08:53 more years to build up potentially
00:08:55 negative side effects teens who use a
00:08:57 lot are much more likely to become
00:08:59 addicted to weed this may just be
00:09:02 correlation and weed may not be the
00:09:04 underlying cause but heavy weed users
00:09:06 are more likely to perform poorly in
00:09:08 school and less likely to finish their
00:09:10 education they are on average less
00:09:13 satisfied with their life and what
00:09:15 they've achieved this may simply be
00:09:17 because if your memory and motivation
00:09:18 are stunted you have fewer interesting
00:09:21 experiences and forget the ones you do
00:09:23 have and there is strong evidence that
00:09:26 teen users are way more likely to
00:09:27 develop mental health issues like
00:09:29 psychosis schizophrenia depression or
00:09:32 anxiety later in life once again the
00:09:35 younger you start the higher the risk
00:09:37 and it also seems to rise massively with
00:09:40 high THC doses making highly potent
00:09:42 cannabis products even more dangerous
00:09:44 for
00:09:45 teens okay let's wrap this up we've only
00:09:49 focused on the negative sides in this
00:09:50 video that was the whole point as we
00:09:53 said before for most people weed in
00:09:55 moderation is totally fine and
00:09:57 definitely way less harmful than alcohol
00:10:00 you do you we're not your parents the
00:10:02 upside of moderation is also that when
00:10:05 you do it your experience will be more
00:10:07 intense and special but for teens weed
00:10:10 especially using it regularly or a lot
00:10:13 of it is a bad idea with potentially
00:10:16 life-changing consequences we know the
00:10:19 criminalization did nothing to make this
00:10:21 better we now have a new chance under
00:10:24 legalization it begins with being open
00:10:26 and honest about the state of Science
00:10:28 and acknowledg in that weed is one drug
00:10:31 among many others certainly not the
00:10:33 worst one by a long shot but also
00:10:35 problematic for at least one to three
00:10:37 out of 10 people using it if you really
00:10:40 have to try cannabis there is a time and
00:10:43 place and that's in your 20s if you're
00:10:46 younger the science is clear don't do it
00:10:49 at least not yet you'll have plenty of
00:10:52 time to experiment
00:10:59 later let's do a different experiment
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*Abstract:* This video critically examines the negative impacts of cannabis, presenting an updated perspective based on recent research, in contrast to earlier narratives that often overstated its upsides and downplayed its downsides following decriminalization efforts. While acknowledging cannabis is less harmful than alcohol, the video highlights its "dark side," including increased addictive potential and significant long-term effects. Key findings include a substantial rise in THC concentration in cannabis products and growing daily consumption. The video details Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD), outlining psychological effects such as loneliness, mental numbness, and exacerbated negative moods, as well as physical withdrawal symptoms. Particular emphasis is placed on the potential for brain damage, memory impairment, and severe mental health risks for heavy teenage users due to their developing brains. The overarching message advocates for an honest, science-backed approach to cannabis under legalization, promoting moderation and advising against youth consumption. *Summarizing the Truth About Cannabis* * *0:04 Cannabis Decriminalization & Legalization:* Cannabis, long vilified, is increasingly being decriminalized and legalized worldwide, including recently in Germany. * *0:14 Comparison to Alcohol:* Compared to legal drugs like alcohol (which causes 1 in 20 deaths annually), cannabis is considered milder, but its negative effects have been overstated in the past. * *0:30 Overstated Upsides & Research Barriers:* Recent discourse has sometimes overstated cannabis's upsides and understated downsides. Criminalization previously hindered scientific study, especially on long-term effects, due to bureaucratic and legal hurdles. * *1:03 New Evidence of Risks:* Recent changes in research access have brought new evidence, revealing a "dark side" to cannabis: it's more addictive than previously thought and can have significant negative long-term effects. * *1:28 Acknowledging Cannabis as a Drug:* The video advocates for legal cannabis but stresses the need to treat it as a drug with both unique upsides and downsides, based on honest research. * *1:45 Increasing THC Potency:* Cannabis's active component, THC, has seen its concentration in legal and illegal products more than double in recent decades across the US, Canada, and Europe, with products containing over 60% THC becoming common. * *2:39 Problems Worsen with Higher THC:* Nearly every problem associated with weed escalates with higher THC doses. * *2:44 Increased Consumption:* In 2022, more people in the US consumed cannabis daily than alcohol for the first time. Overall usage has increased significantly since the early 1990s, predating widespread legalization. * *3:34 Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD):* While most users (8 out of 10) handle cannabis casually, about 2 out of 10 develop Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD), characterized by inability to stop, negative consequences, tolerance, and withdrawal. * *4:15 CUD Risk Factors:* The risk of CUD increases with higher THC amounts, more frequent consumption, and younger age at initiation. * *4:41 Serious Addiction:* One in ten users develops a serious addiction, often consuming daily, experiencing significant life impairment, and requiring increasingly higher doses due to tolerance. * *5:00 Psychological Effects of Heavy Use:* Heavy users may experience bad moods, irritability, restlessness, paranoia, anxiety, depression, and a self-reinforcing cycle of loneliness, leading to social withdrawal. * *5:56 Mental Numbness & Stunted Growth:* Chronic use can lead to mental numbness, making boredom acceptable and suppressing creativity, which also makes quitting difficult. It can also stunt personal development by preventing the processing of difficult emotions. * *6:47 Physical Withdrawal Symptoms:* Especially for daily users, withdrawal can cause headaches, sweating/chills, decreased appetite, fever, nausea, abdominal pain, sleep disturbances, vivid dreams, and a depressive or anxious mood. These symptoms typically subside within weeks. * *7:36 Potential Brain Damage (Debated):* THC directly interferes with brain chemistry, and there's some evidence it may alter brain structure, though whether these changes are reversible upon quitting is debated and requires more research. * *8:11 Cognitive Impairments:* Heavy use may impair memory, learning, reasoning, perception, attention span, decision-making, language abilities, and impulse control. * *8:44 Significant Risks for Teenagers:* Heavy cannabis use is particularly detrimental for teenagers, leading to higher addiction rates, poorer academic performance, lower life satisfaction, and a significantly increased risk of developing mental health issues like psychosis, schizophrenia, depression, or anxiety. The risk is higher with younger initiation and high THC doses. * *10:07 Moderation and Age-Appropriate Use:* While moderation is generally fine for adults and less harmful than alcohol, the science is clear that regular or heavy cannabis use is a bad idea for teenagers, with potentially life-changing consequences. It's recommended to wait until your 20s to experiment. I used gemini-2.5-flash| input-price: 0.3 output-price: 2.5 max-context-length: 128_000 on rocketrecap dot com to summarize the transcript. Cost (if I didn't use the free tier): $0.0076 Input tokens: 16391 Output tokens: 1069
Abstract:
This video critically examines the negative impacts of cannabis, presenting an updated perspective based on recent research, in contrast to earlier narratives that often overstated its upsides and downplayed its downsides following decriminalization efforts. While acknowledging cannabis is less harmful than alcohol, the video highlights its "dark side," including increased addictive potential and significant long-term effects. Key findings include a substantial rise in THC concentration in cannabis products and growing daily consumption. The video details Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD), outlining psychological effects such as loneliness, mental numbness, and exacerbated negative moods, as well as physical withdrawal symptoms. Particular emphasis is placed on the potential for brain damage, memory impairment, and severe mental health risks for heavy teenage users due to their developing brains. The overarching message advocates for an honest, science-backed approach to cannabis under legalization, promoting moderation and advising against youth consumption.
Summarizing the Truth About Cannabis
Below, I will provide input for an example video (comprising of title, description, and transcript, in this order) and the corresponding abstract and summary I expect. Afterward, I will provide a new transcript that I want you to summarize in the same format.
**Please give an abstract of the transcript and then summarize the transcript in a self-contained bullet list format.** Include starting timestamps, important details and key takeaways.
Example Input:
Fluidigm Polaris Part 2- illuminator and camera
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Fluidigm Polaris part 1 : • Fluidigm Polaris (Part 1) - Biotech g...
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mikeselectricstuff
131K subscribers
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40 Comments
@robertwatsonbath
6 hours ago
Thanks Mike. Ooof! - with the level of bodgery going on around 15:48 I think shame would have made me do a board re spin, out of my own pocket if I had to.
1
Reply
@Muonium1
9 hours ago
The green LED looks different from the others and uses phosphor conversion because of the "green gap" problem where green InGaN emitters suffer efficiency droop at high currents. Phosphide based emitters don't start becoming efficient until around 600nm so also can't be used for high power green emitters. See the paper and plot by Matthias Auf der Maur in his 2015 paper on alloy fluctuations in InGaN as the cause of reduced external quantum efficiency at longer (green) wavelengths.
4
Reply
1 reply
@tafsirnahian669
10 hours ago (edited)
Can this be used as an astrophotography camera?
Reply
mikeselectricstuff
·
1 reply
@mikeselectricstuff
6 hours ago
Yes, but may need a shutter to avoid light during readout
Reply
@2010craggy
11 hours ago
Narrowband filters we use in Astronomy (Astrophotography) are sided- they work best passing light in one direction so I guess the arrows on the filter frames indicate which way round to install them in the filter wheel.
1
Reply
@vitukz
12 hours ago
A mate with Channel @extractions&ire could use it
2
Reply
@RobertGallop
19 hours ago
That LED module says it can go up to 28 amps!!! 21 amps for 100%. You should see what it does at 20 amps!
Reply
@Prophes0r
19 hours ago
I had an "Oh SHIT!" moment when I realized that the weird trapezoidal shape of that light guide was for keystone correction of the light source.
Very clever.
6
Reply
@OneBiOzZ
20 hours ago
given the cost of the CCD you think they could have run another PCB for it
9
Reply
@tekvax01
21 hours ago
$20 thousand dollars per minute of run time!
1
Reply
@tekvax01
22 hours ago
"We spared no expense!" John Hammond Jurassic Park.
*(that's why this thing costs the same as a 50-seat Greyhound Bus coach!)
Reply
@florianf4257
22 hours ago
The smearing on the image could be due to the fact that you don't use a shutter, so you see brighter stripes under bright areas of the image as you still iluminate these pixels while the sensor data ist shifted out towards the top. I experienced this effect back at university with a LN-Cooled CCD for Spectroscopy. The stripes disapeared as soon as you used the shutter instead of disabling it in the open position (but fokussing at 100ms integration time and continuous readout with a focal plane shutter isn't much fun).
12
Reply
mikeselectricstuff
·
1 reply
@mikeselectricstuff
12 hours ago
I didn't think of that, but makes sense
2
Reply
@douro20
22 hours ago (edited)
The red LED reminds me of one from Roithner Lasertechnik. I have a Symbol 2D scanner which uses two very bright LEDs from that company, one red and one red-orange. The red-orange is behind a lens which focuses it into an extremely narrow beam.
1
Reply
@RicoElectrico
23 hours ago
PFG is Pulse Flush Gate according to the datasheet.
Reply
@dcallan812
23 hours ago
Very interesting. 2x
Reply
@littleboot_
1 day ago
Cool interesting device
Reply
@dav1dbone
1 day ago
I've stripped large projectors, looks similar, wonder if some of those castings are a magnesium alloy?
Reply
@kevywevvy8833
1 day ago
ironic that some of those Phlatlight modules are used in some of the cheapest disco lights.
1
Reply
1 reply
@bill6255
1 day ago
Great vid - gets right into subject in title, its packed with information, wraps up quickly. Should get a YT award! imho
3
Reply
@JAKOB1977
1 day ago (edited)
The whole sensor module incl. a 5 grand 50mpix sensor for 49 £.. highest bid atm
Though also a limited CCD sensor, but for the right buyer its a steal at these relative low sums.
Architecture Full Frame CCD (Square Pixels)
Total Number of Pixels 8304 (H) × 6220 (V) = 51.6 Mp
Number of Effective Pixels 8208 (H) × 6164 (V) = 50.5 Mp
Number of Active Pixels 8176 (H) × 6132 (V) = 50.1 Mp
Pixel Size 6.0 m (H) × 6.0 m (V)
Active Image Size 49.1 mm (H) × 36.8 mm (V)
61.3 mm (Diagonal),
645 1.1x Optical Format
Aspect Ratio 4:3
Horizontal Outputs 4
Saturation Signal 40.3 ke−
Output Sensitivity 31 V/e−
Quantum Efficiency
KAF−50100−CAA
KAF−50100−AAA
KAF−50100−ABA (with Lens)
22%, 22%, 16% (Peak R, G, B)
25%
62%
Read Noise (f = 18 MHz) 12.5 e−
Dark Signal (T = 60°C) 42 pA/cm2
Dark Current Doubling Temperature 5.7°C
Dynamic Range (f = 18 MHz) 70.2 dB
Estimated Linear Dynamic Range
(f = 18 MHz)
69.3 dB
Charge Transfer Efficiency
Horizontal
Vertical
0.999995
0.999999
Blooming Protection
(4 ms Exposure Time)
800X Saturation Exposure
Maximum Date Rate 18 MHz
Package Ceramic PGA
Cover Glass MAR Coated, 2 Sides or
Clear Glass
Features
• TRUESENSE Transparent Gate Electrode
for High Sensitivity
• Ultra-High Resolution
• Board Dynamic Range
• Low Noise Architecture
• Large Active Imaging Area
Applications
• Digitization
• Mapping/Aerial
• Photography
• Scientific
Thx for the tear down Mike, always a joy
Reply
@martinalooksatthings
1 day ago
15:49 that is some great bodging on of caps, they really didn't want to respin that PCB huh
8
Reply
@RhythmGamer
1 day ago
Was depressed today and then a new mike video dropped and now I’m genuinely happy to get my tear down fix
1
Reply
@dine9093
1 day ago (edited)
Did you transfrom into Mr Blobby for a moment there?
2
Reply
@NickNorton
1 day ago
Thanks Mike. Your videos are always interesting.
5
Reply
@KeritechElectronics
1 day ago
Heavy optics indeed... Spare no expense, cost no object. Splendid build quality. The CCD is a thing of beauty!
1
Reply
@YSoreil
1 day ago
The pricing on that sensor is about right, I looked in to these many years ago when they were still in production since it's the only large sensor you could actually buy. Really cool to see one in the wild.
2
Reply
@snik2pl
1 day ago
That leds look like from led projector
Reply
@vincei4252
1 day ago
TDI = Time Domain Integration ?
1
Reply
@wolpumba4099
1 day ago (edited)
Maybe the camera should not be illuminated during readout.
From the datasheet of the sensor (Onsemi): saturation 40300 electrons, read noise 12.5 electrons per pixel @ 18MHz (quite bad). quantum efficiency 62% (if it has micro lenses), frame rate 1 Hz. lateral overflow drain to prevent blooming protects against 800x (factor increases linearly with exposure time) saturation exposure (32e6 electrons per pixel at 4ms exposure time), microlens has +/- 20 degree acceptance angle
i guess it would be good for astrophotography
4
Reply
@txm100
1 day ago (edited)
Babe wake up a new mikeselectricstuff has dropped!
9
Reply
@vincei4252
1 day ago
That looks like a finger-lakes filter wheel, however, for astronomy they'd never use such a large stepper.
1
Reply
@MRooodddvvv
1 day ago
yaaaaay ! more overcomplicated optical stuff !
4
Reply
1 reply
@NoPegs
1 day ago
He lives!
11
Reply
1 reply
Transcript
0:00
so I've stripped all the bits of the
0:01
optical system so basically we've got
0:03
the uh the camera
0:05
itself which is mounted on this uh very
0:09
complex
0:10
adjustment thing which obviously to set
0:13
you the various tilt and uh alignment
0:15
stuff then there's two of these massive
0:18
lenses I've taken one of these apart I
0:20
think there's something like about eight
0:22
or nine Optical elements in here these
0:25
don't seem to do a great deal in terms
0:26
of electr magnification they're obiously
0:28
just about getting the image to where it
0:29
uh where it needs to be just so that
0:33
goes like that then this Optical block I
0:36
originally thought this was made of some
0:37
s crazy heavy material but it's just
0:39
really the sum of all these Optical bits
0:41
are just ridiculously heavy those lenses
0:43
are about 4 kilos each and then there's
0:45
this very heavy very solid um piece that
0:47
goes in the middle and this is so this
0:49
is the filter wheel assembly with a
0:51
hilariously oversized steper
0:53
motor driving this wheel with these very
0:57
large narrow band filters so we've got
1:00
various different shades of uh
1:03
filters there five Al together that
1:06
one's actually just showing up a silver
1:07
that's actually a a red but fairly low
1:10
transmission orangey red blue green
1:15
there's an excess cover on this side so
1:16
the filters can be accessed and changed
1:19
without taking anything else apart even
1:21
this is like ridiculous it's like solid
1:23
aluminium this is just basically a cover
1:25
the actual wavelengths of these are um
1:27
488 525 570 630 and 700 NM not sure what
1:32
the suffix on that perhaps that's the uh
1:34
the width of the spectral line say these
1:37
are very narrow band filters most of
1:39
them are you very little light through
1:41
so it's still very tight narrow band to
1:43
match the um fluoresence of the dies
1:45
they're using in the biochemical process
1:48
and obviously to reject the light that's
1:49
being fired at it from that Illuminator
1:51
box and then there's a there's a second
1:53
one of these lenses then the actual sort
1:55
of samples below that so uh very serious
1:58
amount of very uh chunky heavy Optics
2:01
okay let's take a look at this light
2:02
source made by company Lumen Dynamics
2:04
who are now part of
2:06
excelitas self-contained unit power
2:08
connector USB and this which one of the
2:11
Cable Bundle said was a TTL interface
2:14
USB wasn't used in uh the fluid
2:17
application output here and I think this
2:19
is an input for um light feedback I
2:21
don't if it's regulated or just a measur
2:23
measurement facility and the uh fiber
2:27
assembly
2:29
Square Inlet there and then there's two
2:32
outputs which have uh lens assemblies
2:35
and this small one which goes back into
2:37
that small Port just Loops out of here
2:40
straight back in So on this side we've
2:42
got the electronics which look pretty
2:44
straightforward we've got a bit of power
2:45
supply stuff over here and we've got
2:48
separate drivers for each wavelength now
2:50
interesting this is clearly been very
2:52
specifically made for this application
2:54
you I was half expecting like say some
2:56
generic drivers that could be used for a
2:58
number of different things but actually
3:00
literally specified the exact wavelength
3:02
on the PCB there is provision here for
3:04
385 NM which isn't populated but this is
3:07
clearly been designed very specifically
3:09
so these four drivers look the same but
3:10
then there's two higher power ones for
3:12
575 and
3:14
520 a slightly bigger heat sink on this
3:16
575 section there a p 24 which is
3:20
providing USB interface USB isolator the
3:23
USB interface just presents as a comport
3:26
I did have a quick look but I didn't
3:27
actually get anything sensible um I did
3:29
dump the Pi code out and there's a few
3:31
you a few sort of commands that you
3:32
could see in text but I didn't actually
3:34
manage to get it working properly I
3:36
found some software for related version
3:38
but it didn't seem to want to talk to it
3:39
but um I say that wasn't used for the
3:41
original application it might be quite
3:42
interesting to get try and get the Run
3:44
hours count out of it and the TTL
3:46
interface looks fairly straightforward
3:48
we've got positions for six opto
3:50
isolators but only five five are
3:52
installed so that corresponds with the
3:54
unused thing so I think this hopefully
3:56
should be as simple as just providing a
3:57
ttrl signal for each color to uh enable
4:00
it a big heat sink here which is there I
4:03
think there's like a big S of metal
4:04
plate through the middle of this that
4:05
all the leads are mounted on the other
4:07
side so this is heat sinking it with a
4:09
air flow from a uh just a fan in here
4:13
obviously don't have the air flow
4:14
anywhere near the Optics so conduction
4:17
cool through to this plate that's then
4:18
uh air cooled got some pots which are
4:21
presumably power
4:22
adjustments okay let's take a look at
4:24
the other side which is uh much more
4:27
interesting see we've got some uh very
4:31
uh neatly Twisted cable assemblies there
4:35
a bunch of leads so we've got one here
4:37
475 up here 430 NM 630 575 and 520
4:44
filters and dcro mirrors a quick way to
4:48
see what's white is if we just shine
4:49
some white light through
4:51
here not sure how it is is to see on the
4:54
camera but shining white light we do
4:55
actually get a bit of red a bit of blue
4:57
some yellow here so the obstacle path
5:00
575 it goes sort of here bounces off
5:03
this mirror and goes out the 520 goes
5:07
sort of down here across here and up
5:09
there 630 goes basically straight
5:13
through
5:15
430 goes across there down there along
5:17
there and the 475 goes down here and
5:20
left this is the light sensing thing
5:22
think here there's just a um I think
5:24
there a photo diode or other sensor
5:26
haven't actually taken that off and
5:28
everything's fixed down to this chunk of
5:31
aluminium which acts as the heat
5:32
spreader that then conducts the heat to
5:33
the back side for the heat
5:35
sink and the actual lead packages all
5:38
look fairly similar except for this one
5:41
on the 575 which looks quite a bit more
5:44
substantial big spay
5:46
Terminals and the interface for this
5:48
turned out to be extremely simple it's
5:50
literally a 5V TTL level to enable each
5:54
color doesn't seem to be any tensity
5:56
control but there are some additional
5:58
pins on that connector that weren't used
5:59
in the through time thing so maybe
6:01
there's some extra lines that control
6:02
that I couldn't find any data on this uh
6:05
unit and the um their current product
6:07
range is quite significantly different
6:09
so we've got the uh blue these
6:13
might may well be saturating the camera
6:16
so they might look a bit weird so that's
6:17
the 430
6:18
blue the 575
6:24
yellow uh
6:26
475 light blue
6:29
the uh 520
6:31
green and the uh 630 red now one
6:36
interesting thing I noticed for the
6:39
575 it's actually it's actually using a
6:42
white lead and then filtering it rather
6:44
than using all the other ones are using
6:46
leads which are the fundamental colors
6:47
but uh this is actually doing white and
6:50
it's a combination of this filter and
6:52
the dichroic mirrors that are turning to
6:55
Yellow if we take the filter out and a
6:57
lot of the a lot of the um blue content
7:00
is going this way the red is going
7:02
straight through these two mirrors so
7:05
this is clearly not reflecting much of
7:08
that so we end up with the yellow coming
7:10
out of uh out of there which is a fairly
7:14
light yellow color which you don't
7:16
really see from high intensity leads so
7:19
that's clearly why they've used the
7:20
white to uh do this power consumption of
7:23
the white is pretty high so going up to
7:25
about 2 and 1 half amps on that color
7:27
whereas most of the other colors are
7:28
only drawing half an amp or so at 24
7:30
volts the uh the green is up to about
7:32
1.2 but say this thing is uh much
7:35
brighter and if you actually run all the
7:38
colors at the same time you get a fairly
7:41
reasonable um looking white coming out
7:43
of it and one thing you might just be
7:45
out to notice is there is some sort
7:46
color banding around here that's not
7:49
getting uh everything s completely
7:51
concentric and I think that's where this
7:53
fiber optic thing comes
7:58
in I'll
8:00
get a couple of Fairly accurately shaped
8:04
very sort of uniform color and looking
8:06
at What's um inside here we've basically
8:09
just got this Square Rod so this is
8:12
clearly yeah the lights just bouncing
8:13
off all the all the various sides to um
8:16
get a nice uniform illumination uh this
8:19
back bit looks like it's all potted so
8:21
nothing I really do to get in there I
8:24
think this is fiber so I have come
8:26
across um cables like this which are
8:27
liquid fill but just looking through the
8:30
end of this it's probably a bit hard to
8:31
see it does look like there fiber ends
8:34
going going on there and so there's this
8:36
feedback thing which is just obviously
8:39
compensating for the any light losses
8:41
through here to get an accurate
8:43
representation of uh the light that's
8:45
been launched out of these two
8:47
fibers and you see uh
8:49
these have got this sort of trapezium
8:54
shape light guides again it's like a
8:56
sort of acrylic or glass light guide
9:00
guess projected just to make the right
9:03
rectangular
9:04
shape and look at this Center assembly
9:07
um the light output doesn't uh change
9:10
whether you feed this in or not so it's
9:11
clear not doing any internal Clos Loop
9:14
control obviously there may well be some
9:16
facility for it to do that but it's not
9:17
being used in this
9:19
application and so this output just
9:21
produces a voltage on the uh outle
9:24
connector proportional to the amount of
9:26
light that's present so there's a little
9:28
diffuser in the back there
9:30
and then there's just some kind of uh
9:33
Optical sensor looks like a
9:35
chip looking at the lead it's a very
9:37
small package on the PCB with this lens
9:40
assembly over the top and these look
9:43
like they're actually on a copper
9:44
Metalized PCB for maximum thermal
9:47
performance and yeah it's a very small
9:49
package looks like it's a ceramic
9:51
package and there's a thermister there
9:53
for temperature monitoring this is the
9:56
475 blue one this is the 520 need to
9:59
Green which is uh rather different OB
10:02
it's a much bigger D with lots of bond
10:04
wise but also this looks like it's using
10:05
a phosphor if I shine a blue light at it
10:08
lights up green so this is actually a
10:10
phosphor conversion green lead which
10:12
I've I've come across before they want
10:15
that specific wavelength so they may be
10:17
easier to tune a phosphor than tune the
10:20
um semiconductor material to get the uh
10:23
right right wavelength from the lead
10:24
directly uh red 630 similar size to the
10:28
blue one or does seem to have a uh a
10:31
lens on top of it there is a sort of red
10:33
coloring to
10:35
the die but that doesn't appear to be
10:38
fluorescent as far as I can
10:39
tell and the white one again a little
10:41
bit different sort of much higher
10:43
current
10:46
connectors a makeer name on that
10:48
connector flot light not sure if that's
10:52
the connector or the lead
10:54
itself and obviously with the phosphor
10:56
and I'd imagine that phosphor may well
10:58
be tuned to get the maximum to the uh 5
11:01
cenm and actually this white one looks
11:04
like a St fairly standard product I just
11:06
found it in Mouse made by luminous
11:09
devices in fact actually I think all
11:11
these are based on various luminous
11:13
devices modules and they're you take
11:17
looks like they taking the nearest
11:18
wavelength and then just using these
11:19
filters to clean it up to get a precise
11:22
uh spectral line out of it so quite a
11:25
nice neat and um extreme
11:30
bright light source uh sure I've got any
11:33
particular use for it so I think this
11:35
might end up on
11:36
eBay but uh very pretty to look out and
11:40
without the uh risk of burning your eyes
11:43
out like you do with lasers so I thought
11:45
it would be interesting to try and
11:46
figure out the runtime of this things
11:48
like this we usually keep some sort
11:49
record of runtime cuz leads degrade over
11:51
time I couldn't get any software to work
11:52
through the USB face but then had a
11:54
thought probably going to be writing the
11:55
runtime periodically to the e s prom so
11:58
I just just scope up that and noticed it
12:00
was doing right every 5 minutes so I
12:02
just ran it for a while periodically
12:04
reading the E squ I just held the pick
12:05
in in reset and um put clip over to read
12:07
the square prom and found it was writing
12:10
one location per color every 5 minutes
12:12
so if one color was on it would write
12:14
that location every 5 minutes and just
12:16
increment it by one so after doing a few
12:18
tests with different colors of different
12:19
time periods it looked extremely
12:21
straightforward it's like a four bite
12:22
count for each color looking at the
12:24
original data that was in it all the
12:26
colors apart from Green were reading
12:28
zero and the green was reading four
12:30
indicating a total 20 minutes run time
12:32
ever if it was turned on run for a short
12:34
time then turned off that might not have
12:36
been counted but even so indicates this
12:37
thing wasn't used a great deal the whole
12:40
s process of doing a run can be several
12:42
hours but it'll only be doing probably
12:43
the Imaging at the end of that so you
12:46
wouldn't expect to be running for a long
12:47
time but say a single color for 20
12:50
minutes over its whole lifetime does
12:52
seem a little bit on the low side okay
12:55
let's look at the camera un fortunately
12:57
I managed to not record any sound when I
12:58
did this it's also a couple of months
13:00
ago so there's going to be a few details
13:02
that I've forgotten so I'm just going to
13:04
dub this over the original footage so um
13:07
take the lid off see this massive great
13:10
heat sink so this is a pel cool camera
13:12
we've got this blower fan producing a
13:14
fair amount of air flow through
13:16
it the connector here there's the ccds
13:19
mounted on the board on the
13:24
right this unplugs so we've got a bit of
13:27
power supply stuff on here
13:29
USB interface I think that's the Cyprus
13:32
microcontroller High speeded USB
13:34
interface there's a zyink spon fpga some
13:40
RAM and there's a couple of ATD
13:42
converters can't quite read what those
13:45
those are but anal
13:47
devices um little bit of bodgery around
13:51
here extra decoupling obviously they
13:53
have having some noise issues this is
13:55
around the ram chip quite a lot of extra
13:57
capacitors been added there
13:59
uh there's a couple of amplifiers prior
14:01
to the HD converter buffers or Andor
14:05
amplifiers taking the CCD
14:08
signal um bit more power spy stuff here
14:11
this is probably all to do with
14:12
generating the various CCD bias voltages
14:14
they uh need quite a lot of exotic
14:18
voltages next board down is just a
14:20
shield and an interconnect
14:24
boardly shielding the power supply stuff
14:26
from some the more sensitive an log
14:28
stuff
14:31
and this is the bottom board which is
14:32
just all power supply
14:34
stuff as you can see tons of capacitors
14:37
or Transformer in
14:42
there and this is the CCD which is a uh
14:47
very impressive thing this is a kf50 100
14:50
originally by true sense then codec
14:53
there ON
14:54
Semiconductor it's 50 megapixels uh the
14:58
only price I could find was this one
15:00
5,000 bucks and the architecture you can
15:03
see there actually two separate halves
15:04
which explains the Dual AZ converters
15:06
and two amplifiers it's literally split
15:08
down the middle and duplicated so it's
15:10
outputting two streams in parallel just
15:13
to keep the bandwidth sensible and it's
15:15
got this amazing um diffraction effects
15:18
it's got micro lenses over the pixel so
15:20
there's there's a bit more Optics going
15:22
on than on a normal
15:25
sensor few more bodges on the CCD board
15:28
including this wire which isn't really
15:29
tacked down very well which is a bit uh
15:32
bit of a mess quite a few bits around
15:34
this board where they've uh tacked
15:36
various bits on which is not super
15:38
impressive looks like CCD drivers on the
15:40
left with those 3 ohm um damping
15:43
resistors on the
15:47
output get a few more little bodges
15:50
around here some of
15:52
the and there's this separator the
15:54
silica gel to keep the moisture down but
15:56
there's this separator that actually
15:58
appears to be cut from piece of
15:59
antistatic
16:04
bag and this sort of thermal block on
16:06
top of this stack of three pel Cola
16:12
modules so as with any Stacks they get
16:16
um larger as they go back towards the
16:18
heat sink because each P's got to not
16:20
only take the heat from the previous but
16:21
also the waste heat which is quite
16:27
significant you see a little temperature
16:29
sensor here that copper block which
16:32
makes contact with the back of the
16:37
CCD and this's the back of the
16:40
pelas this then contacts the heat sink
16:44
on the uh rear there a few thermal pads
16:46
as well for some of the other power
16:47
components on this
16:51
PCB okay I've connected this uh camera
16:54
up I found some drivers on the disc that
16:56
seem to work under Windows 7 couldn't
16:58
get to install under Windows 11 though
17:01
um in the absence of any sort of lens or
17:03
being bothered to the proper amount I've
17:04
just put some f over it and put a little
17:06
pin in there to make a pinhole lens and
17:08
software gives a few options I'm not
17:11
entirely sure what all these are there's
17:12
obviously a clock frequency 22 MHz low
17:15
gain and with PFG no idea what that is
17:19
something something game programmable
17:20
Something game perhaps ver exposure
17:23
types I think focus is just like a
17:25
continuous grab until you tell it to
17:27
stop not entirely sure all these options
17:30
are obviously exposure time uh triggers
17:33
there ex external hardware trigger inut
17:35
you just trigger using a um thing on
17:37
screen so the resolution is 8176 by
17:40
6132 and you can actually bin those
17:42
where you combine multiple pixels to get
17:46
increased gain at the expense of lower
17:48
resolution down this is a 10sec exposure
17:51
obviously of the pin hole it's very uh
17:53
intensitive so we just stand still now
17:56
downloading it there's the uh exposure
17:59
so when it's
18:01
um there's a little status thing down
18:03
here so that tells you the um exposure
18:07
[Applause]
18:09
time it's this is just it
18:15
downloading um it is quite I'm seeing
18:18
quite a lot like smearing I think that I
18:20
don't know whether that's just due to
18:21
pixels overloading or something else I
18:24
mean yeah it's not it's not um out of
18:26
the question that there's something not
18:27
totally right about this camera
18:28
certainly was bodge wise on there um I
18:31
don't I'd imagine a camera like this
18:32
it's got a fairly narrow range of
18:34
intensities that it's happy with I'm not
18:36
going to spend a great deal of time on
18:38
this if you're interested in this camera
18:40
maybe for astronomy or something and
18:42
happy to sort of take the risk of it may
18:44
not be uh perfect I'll um I think I'll
18:47
stick this on eBay along with the
18:48
Illuminator I'll put a link down in the
18:50
description to the listing take your
18:52
chances to grab a bargain so for example
18:54
here we see this vertical streaking so
18:56
I'm not sure how normal that is this is
18:58
on fairly bright scene looking out the
19:02
window if I cut the exposure time down
19:04
on that it's now 1 second
19:07
exposure again most of the image
19:09
disappears again this is looks like it's
19:11
possibly over still overloading here go
19:14
that go down to say say quarter a
19:16
second so again I think there might be
19:19
some Auto gain control going on here um
19:21
this is with the PFG option let's try
19:23
turning that off and see what
19:25
happens so I'm not sure this is actually
19:27
more streaking or which just it's
19:29
cranked up the gain all the dis display
19:31
gray scale to show what um you know the
19:33
range of things that it's captured
19:36
there's one of one of 12 things in the
19:38
software there's um you can see of you
19:40
can't seem to read out the temperature
19:42
of the pelta cooler but you can set the
19:44
temperature and if you said it's a
19:46
different temperature you see the power
19:48
consumption jump up running the cooler
19:50
to get the temperature you requested but
19:52
I can't see anything anywhere that tells
19:54
you whether the cool is at the at the
19:56
temperature other than the power
19:57
consumption going down and there's no
19:59
temperature read out
20:03
here and just some yeah this is just
20:05
sort of very basic software I'm sure
20:07
there's like an API for more
20:09
sophisticated
20:10
applications but so if you know anything
20:12
more about these cameras please um stick
20:14
in the
20:15
comments um incidentally when I was
20:18
editing I didn't notice there was a bent
20:19
pin on the um CCD but I did fix that
20:22
before doing these tests and also
20:24
reactivated the um silica gel desicant
20:26
cuz I noticed it was uh I was getting
20:28
bit of condensation on the window but um
20:31
yeah so a couple of uh interesting but
20:34
maybe not particularly uh useful pieces
20:37
of Kit except for someone that's got a
20:38
very specific use so um I'll stick a
20:42
I'll stick these on eBay put a link in
20:44
the description and say hopefully
20:45
someone could actually make some uh good
20:47
use of these things
Example Output:
**Abstract:**
This video presents Part 2 of a teardown focusing on the optical components of a Fluidigm Polaris biotechnology instrument, specifically the multi-wavelength illuminator and the high-resolution CCD camera.
The Lumen Dynamics illuminator unit is examined in detail, revealing its construction using multiple high-power LEDs (430nm, 475nm, 520nm, 575nm, 630nm) combined via dichroic mirrors and filters. A square fiber optic rod is used to homogenize the light. A notable finding is the use of a phosphor-converted white LED filtered to achieve the 575nm output. The unit features simple TTL activation for each color, conduction cooling, and internal homogenization optics. Analysis of its EEPROM suggests extremely low operational runtime.
The camera module teardown showcases a 50 Megapixel ON Semiconductor KAF-50100 CCD sensor with micro-lenses, cooled by a multi-stage Peltier stack. The control electronics include an FPGA and a USB interface. Significant post-manufacturing modifications ("bodges") are observed on the camera's circuit boards. Basic functional testing using vendor software and a pinhole lens confirms image capture but reveals prominent vertical streaking artifacts, the cause of which remains uncertain (potential overload, readout artifact, or fault).
**Exploring the Fluidigm Polaris: A Detailed Look at its High-End Optics and Camera System**
* **0:00 High-End Optics:** The system utilizes heavy, high-quality lenses and mirrors for precise imaging, weighing around 4 kilos each.
* **0:49 Narrow Band Filters:** A filter wheel with five narrow band filters (488, 525, 570, 630, and 700 nm) ensures accurate fluorescence detection and rejection of excitation light.
* **2:01 Customizable Illumination:** The Lumen Dynamics light source offers five individually controllable LED wavelengths (430, 475, 520, 575, 630 nm) with varying power outputs. The 575nm yellow LED is uniquely achieved using a white LED with filtering.
* **3:45 TTL Control:** The light source is controlled via a simple TTL interface, enabling easy on/off switching for each LED color.
* **12:55 Sophisticated Camera:** The system includes a 50-megapixel Kodak KAI-50100 CCD camera with a Peltier cooling system for reduced noise.
* **14:54 High-Speed Data Transfer:** The camera features dual analog-to-digital converters to manage the high data throughput of the 50-megapixel sensor, which is effectively two 25-megapixel sensors operating in parallel.
* **18:11 Possible Issues:** The video creator noted some potential issues with the camera, including image smearing.
* **18:11 Limited Dynamic Range:** The camera's sensor has a limited dynamic range, making it potentially challenging to capture scenes with a wide range of brightness levels.
* **11:45 Low Runtime:** Internal data suggests the system has seen minimal usage, with only 20 minutes of recorded runtime for the green LED.
* **20:38 Availability on eBay:** Both the illuminator and camera are expected to be listed for sale on eBay.
Here is the real transcript. Please summarize it:
00:00:04 cannabis has been vilified to a
00:00:04 ridiculous degree for the last century
00:00:06 but it's now finally being
00:00:08 decriminalized in more and more places
00:00:10 around the world it's just recently been
00:00:12 legalized in Germany and for very good
00:00:14 reasons compared to legal drugs like
00:00:17 alcohol which will cause one in 20
00:00:19 deaths just this year cannabis is pretty
00:00:22 mild so to justify harsh prosecution and
00:00:25 Punishment its negative effects have
00:00:27 been wildly overstated now there was a
00:00:30 lot of push back and here something went
00:00:32 wrong if you followed the discourse over
00:00:35 the last few years you might have got
00:00:37 the impression that weed has almost only
00:00:39 upsides and few if any negative side
00:00:42 effects we ourselves contributed to that
00:00:45 narrative what made this worse is that
00:00:47 criminalization made it very hard for
00:00:49 scientists to study cannabis especially
00:00:51 its long-term effects they faced
00:00:53 bureaucratic and legal hurdles and
00:00:55 studies often had to rely on small
00:00:57 sample sizes in the last few years this
00:01:00 finally started to change so it's time
00:01:03 to bring new evidence to the
00:01:04 discussion and well it's not pretty
00:01:08 while weed is still much less harmful
00:01:10 than alcohol it does have a dark side it
00:01:14 is more addictive than we thought and
00:01:16 can have significant negative effects if
00:01:18 you use it long term it seems that uh
00:01:23 what are you doing before you tell us
00:01:26 how dumb we are please watch the video
00:01:28 to be crystal clear we think prohibition
00:01:31 doesn't work and cannabis should be
00:01:32 legal but this also means that we need
00:01:34 to treat it as what it is a drug with
00:01:37 unique upsides and downsides so let's
00:01:41 take an honest look at some of the
00:01:43 latest research
00:01:45 together weed is getting stronger and
00:01:48 stronger cannabis's magic juice is Tetra
00:01:52 hydr canabal THC it docks on your
00:01:55 cannabinoid receptors which affects
00:01:57 various brain functions th C activates
00:02:00 some regions and calms down others
00:02:03 creating a fun cocktail of Sensations
00:02:06 the more THC the more intense the high
00:02:09 and people seem to be into higher highs
00:02:12 or at least this is what the market is
00:02:14 providing in the US Canada and in Europe
00:02:17 the concentration of THC in legal and
00:02:19 illegal cannabis products has more than
00:02:21 doubled in the last few decades while
00:02:24 ever more potent strains are bred
00:02:25 products like Edibles or concentrates
00:02:27 with more than 60% THC have become
00:02:30 increasingly common while the share of
00:02:32 products with less than 15% THC has
00:02:36 declined unfortunately just about every
00:02:39 problem weed creates gets worse at
00:02:41 higher THC doses at the same time more
00:02:44 and more people use weed in the US more
00:02:47 people consumed cannabis daily than
00:02:49 alcohol for the first time in
00:02:51 2022 in Canada 26% of people 16 and
00:02:55 older use it up from 22% in 2018 it's
00:02:59 not possible to say if legalization is
00:03:01 the reason for this though since studies
00:03:03 are pretty inconsistent and Vary
00:03:06 massively between different users in
00:03:08 some consumption went up in others it
00:03:11 stayed stable and the trend to use more
00:03:13 weat began in the early '90s and sped up
00:03:16 in the 2000s way earlier than
00:03:19 legalization so today more people
00:03:21 consume more weed than ever before in
00:03:23 the last century and it's the strongest
00:03:26 it's ever been what are we seeing as a
00:03:28 result of this
00:03:30 let's start with something that used to
00:03:32 get you laughed out of the room
00:03:34 addiction weed addiction and withdrawal
00:03:38 symptoms a big narrative about weed is
00:03:40 that it's not addictive or at least not
00:03:42 that big of a deal and for most people
00:03:45 this is true studies clearly show that
00:03:47 the majority handled it well for eight
00:03:49 out of 10 using weed it's just a casual
00:03:51 high and not problematic at all about
00:03:54 two in 10 users develop a cannabis use
00:03:56 disorder or
00:03:58 cud cud has 11 different symptoms from
00:04:01 the inability to stop when you've had
00:04:03 enough to using it when you know it will
00:04:04 have negative consequences to tolerance
00:04:07 and
00:04:07 withdrawal they can all basically be
00:04:10 reduced to you're doing it too often
00:04:12 even if it's bad for you and it's less
00:04:14 fun than it could be there are three
00:04:16 major risk factors here the amount of
00:04:19 THC how often you consume and your age
00:04:22 when you start using cannabis the more
00:04:25 THC the more often and the younger you
00:04:28 are when you start the harder High your
00:04:30 risk if you smoke too much weed too
00:04:33 often it will have negative impacts on
00:04:35 your life so if this is you toning it
00:04:39 down a bit will make a big difference
00:04:41 one in 10 users develops a serious
00:04:43 addiction they usually consumed daily
00:04:46 and their life is significantly impaired
00:04:48 or held back because they spend a lot of
00:04:50 their time either using or recovering
00:04:52 from cannabis use since their brain is
00:04:55 building a tolerance they need
00:04:57 increasingly high doses or stronger
00:04:59 weaks
00:05:00 often both studies found a variety of
00:05:03 negative effects heavy users can
00:05:05 experience bad moods feel irritable
00:05:07 restless paranoid anxious and even
00:05:10 depressive in a sad Twist of irony for
00:05:13 many addicts it feels like they need
00:05:15 weed to fight these symptoms maybe it
00:05:17 did actually help at first while in
00:05:19 reality it makes those symptoms stronger
00:05:22 and more persistent studies also found
00:05:25 that loneliness and frequent cannabis
00:05:27 use go hand inand if you feel lonely
00:05:30 you're more likely to use weed and if
00:05:32 you use weed you may experience more
00:05:34 loneliness it's not always easy to say
00:05:36 which came first but they seem to
00:05:38 reinforce each other so on the one hand
00:05:42 cannabis makes loneliness feel much less
00:05:44 bad on the other hand it can also make
00:05:46 you feel more socially awkward than you
00:05:48 actually are and withdraw from friends
00:05:51 this can lead to a downward spiral that
00:05:53 ends in self-isolation and chronic
00:05:56 loneliness another thing many people who
00:05:58 consume a lot experience is a mental
00:06:00 numbness that makes boredom feel okay
00:06:03 because it impacts the reward system of
00:06:05 your brain not great but good enough you
00:06:08 can spend your day killing time binging
00:06:10 mly interesting stuff being numb rather
00:06:14 than having fun boredom is a signal to
00:06:17 your mind to get creative or learn
00:06:19 something new but this is suppressed
00:06:22 this also makes quitting so much harder
00:06:24 because your daily routines suddenly
00:06:25 seem boring and unexciting making it
00:06:28 very tempting to go back
00:06:30 if you find yourself using constantly
00:06:33 this can also stunt your development as
00:06:34 a person the numbness dulls bad feelings
00:06:38 making it easy not to deal with them but
00:06:40 in life you can only get over bad
00:06:42 feelings if you actually feel them and
00:06:44 you have to process them to grow lastly
00:06:47 let's talk about physical withdrawal
00:06:49 symptoms the more you consume the worse
00:06:51 they'll be for you especially if you use
00:06:54 daily withdrawal can cause headaches and
00:06:56 sweating or chills decreased appetite
00:06:59 severe cases even fever nausea and
00:07:02 abdominal pain you might have trouble
00:07:04 falling asleep and if you do you might
00:07:06 have disturbing and vivid dreams the
00:07:09 withdrawal can put you in a depressive
00:07:11 mood where life feels DED and pointless
00:07:14 you can feel Restless angry anxious or
00:07:17 nervous you may feel unable to do
00:07:19 anything at all after a few days these
00:07:22 symptoms will begin to subside and after
00:07:24 a few weeks they'll be gone entirely the
00:07:27 exact time depends on how much and how
00:07:29 long you've been consuming
00:07:31 cannabis now let's get to the worst part
00:07:36 weed may damage your
00:07:38 brain this section was not fun to
00:07:40 research because there's Fierce debate
00:07:42 among researchers how bad weed is for
00:07:44 your brain and whether it has
00:07:46 irreversible long-term consequences or
00:07:48 not there's no consensus yet and it's
00:07:51 hard to say anything definitive having
00:07:54 said that THC directly interferes with
00:07:57 critical brain chemistry there is some
00:07:59 evidence that it may alter its structure
00:08:02 if it does this may go away again if you
00:08:04 quit after a few years or not we don't
00:08:07 know yet the consequences vary a lot
00:08:11 between individuals but especially for
00:08:13 heavy users they have a variety of
00:08:15 potentially unfunny downsides the most
00:08:17 common one is that your memory gets
00:08:20 significantly
00:08:21 worse sustained heavy use May reduce
00:08:24 your ability to learn your reasoning
00:08:27 perception attention span decision
00:08:29 making language abilities and impulse
00:08:32 control most negative effects seem to go
00:08:34 away or at least weaken over time after
00:08:37 you quit but again we simply don't know
00:08:39 enough and need more research where the
00:08:42 evidence is much clearer is that
00:08:44 consuming a lot of weed is really bad
00:08:47 for teenagers on multiple levels if you
00:08:50 start using heavily early you have many
00:08:53 more years to build up potentially
00:08:55 negative side effects teens who use a
00:08:57 lot are much more likely to become
00:08:59 addicted to weed this may just be
00:09:02 correlation and weed may not be the
00:09:04 underlying cause but heavy weed users
00:09:06 are more likely to perform poorly in
00:09:08 school and less likely to finish their
00:09:10 education they are on average less
00:09:13 satisfied with their life and what
00:09:15 they've achieved this may simply be
00:09:17 because if your memory and motivation
00:09:18 are stunted you have fewer interesting
00:09:21 experiences and forget the ones you do
00:09:23 have and there is strong evidence that
00:09:26 teen users are way more likely to
00:09:27 develop mental health issues like
00:09:29 psychosis schizophrenia depression or
00:09:32 anxiety later in life once again the
00:09:35 younger you start the higher the risk
00:09:37 and it also seems to rise massively with
00:09:40 high THC doses making highly potent
00:09:42 cannabis products even more dangerous
00:09:44 for
00:09:45 teens okay let's wrap this up we've only
00:09:49 focused on the negative sides in this
00:09:50 video that was the whole point as we
00:09:53 said before for most people weed in
00:09:55 moderation is totally fine and
00:09:57 definitely way less harmful than alcohol
00:10:00 you do you we're not your parents the
00:10:02 upside of moderation is also that when
00:10:05 you do it your experience will be more
00:10:07 intense and special but for teens weed
00:10:10 especially using it regularly or a lot
00:10:13 of it is a bad idea with potentially
00:10:16 life-changing consequences we know the
00:10:19 criminalization did nothing to make this
00:10:21 better we now have a new chance under
00:10:24 legalization it begins with being open
00:10:26 and honest about the state of Science
00:10:28 and acknowledg in that weed is one drug
00:10:31 among many others certainly not the
00:10:33 worst one by a long shot but also
00:10:35 problematic for at least one to three
00:10:37 out of 10 people using it if you really
00:10:40 have to try cannabis there is a time and
00:10:43 place and that's in your 20s if you're
00:10:46 younger the science is clear don't do it
00:10:49 at least not yet you'll have plenty of
00:10:52 time to experiment
00:10:59 later let's do a different experiment
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identifier:7183
model:gemini-2.5-flash| input-price: 0.3 output-price: 2.5 max-context-length: 128_000
host:194.230.161.72
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QOllTDnCmNwinclude_comments:None
include_timestamps:1
include_glossary:None
output_language:en
cost:0.0063524
*Abstract:*
This video demonstrates a hands-on, multi-stage dry separation and cleaning process for fine granular materials, likely botanical or powdered extracts. The technique focuses on isolating desired material ("heads") from contaminants through tactile manipulation, specialized brushing, and leveraging electrostatic properties and particle size differences. The speaker details methods for material aggregation, screen cleaning, and the strategic use of brushes and airflow to optimize separation efficiency, emphasizing the tactile feedback and progressive reduction of impurities.
*Summarizing the Dry Separation Process*
* *0:00:54 - 0:01:18:* A preliminary technique is shown for removing sticky resin from gloves by gently "shimmying" the hand under a pile of material, suggesting the nature of the substances involved.
* *0:03:22 - 0:03:33:* The speaker discusses "agglomerates" formed due to different polarities and charges, explaining that vibrating the material to check for these indicates the presence of undesired "meddling" (contaminants).
* *0:04:13 - 0:04:17:* Specific particle sizes are mentioned, with "really big houses" (particles) ranging from 140 to 175 microns, highlighting the target material's granular nature.
* *0:04:34 - 0:04:54:* A brushing technique is described where the brush pushes material, while airflow created by the brushing ("acting as a fan") directs desired "heads" (target material) in the flicked direction, causing "contaminant" to expand and move further away.
* *0:06:47 - 0:06:55:* Observations on electrostatic properties are noted, with a material being "negatively charged about 5 to 15" and "almost as strong as that alone," indicating the role of charge in separation.
* *0:11:35 - 0:11:44:* The texture and properties of the material change during processing, becoming "sandy" with a "different charge" and "different material," likened to "separating plastic to like an ore."
* *0:11:59 - 0:12:02:* As the screen is "freed up," the gritty feeling intensifies, a key indicator of successful separation and removal of contaminants.
* *0:17:11 - 0:17:22:* Instructions are provided on how to manipulate the material by hand, suggesting a flat hand while cupping and rubbing to gather and process.
* *0:18:22 - 0:18:29:* A specific brush is introduced that "leaves a clean trail" and "doesn't charge the contaminants much," implying its specialized design for effective separation without dispersing impurities.
* *0:21:25 - 0:21:26:* A crucial technique for handling material is shared: "Going slow picks it up, fast cleans it up," guiding the rhythm of the brushing action.
* *0:22:59 - 0:23:18:* The process is shown to be progressive; initially, brushing causes material to "fly out far," but as the amount of desired material ("head contest") decreases, subsequent brushing keeps the material more contained.
* *0:23:20 - 0:23:31:* Remaining material is then blown off with an air compressor, either to be re-cleaned or added to waste biomass.
* *0:24:35 - 0:24:57:* The brush's action is detailed as "working it through" the screen, similar to a hand, constantly grabbing contaminants in "multiple little feathery stages" for thorough cleaning.
* *0:26:37 - 0:27:09:* For optimal screen cleaning without losing bulk material, the material should be aggregated into the "most condensed pile" and rubbed until a distinct sound indicates the pores are clear and the "head" (desired material) is lifted, allowing for direct rubbing on the mesh.
I used gemini-2.5-flash| input-price: 0.3 output-price: 2.5 max-context-length: 128_000 on rocketrecap dot com to summarize the transcript.
Cost (if I didn't use the free tier): $0.0064
Input tokens: 13658
Output tokens: 902 Abstract:
This video demonstrates a hands-on, multi-stage dry separation and cleaning process for fine granular materials, likely botanical or powdered extracts. The technique focuses on isolating desired material ("heads") from contaminants through tactile manipulation, specialized brushing, and leveraging electrostatic properties and particle size differences. The speaker details methods for material aggregation, screen cleaning, and the strategic use of brushes and airflow to optimize separation efficiency, emphasizing the tactile feedback and progressive reduction of impurities.
Summarizing the Dry Separation Process
Below, I will provide input for an example video (comprising of title, description, and transcript, in this order) and the corresponding abstract and summary I expect. Afterward, I will provide a new transcript that I want you to summarize in the same format.
**Please give an abstract of the transcript and then summarize the transcript in a self-contained bullet list format.** Include starting timestamps, important details and key takeaways.
Example Input:
Fluidigm Polaris Part 2- illuminator and camera
mikeselectricstuff
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Fluidigm Polaris part 1 : • Fluidigm Polaris (Part 1) - Biotech g...
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Merch https://mikeselectricstuff.creator-sp...
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mikeselectricstuff
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40 Comments
@robertwatsonbath
6 hours ago
Thanks Mike. Ooof! - with the level of bodgery going on around 15:48 I think shame would have made me do a board re spin, out of my own pocket if I had to.
1
Reply
@Muonium1
9 hours ago
The green LED looks different from the others and uses phosphor conversion because of the "green gap" problem where green InGaN emitters suffer efficiency droop at high currents. Phosphide based emitters don't start becoming efficient until around 600nm so also can't be used for high power green emitters. See the paper and plot by Matthias Auf der Maur in his 2015 paper on alloy fluctuations in InGaN as the cause of reduced external quantum efficiency at longer (green) wavelengths.
4
Reply
1 reply
@tafsirnahian669
10 hours ago (edited)
Can this be used as an astrophotography camera?
Reply
mikeselectricstuff
·
1 reply
@mikeselectricstuff
6 hours ago
Yes, but may need a shutter to avoid light during readout
Reply
@2010craggy
11 hours ago
Narrowband filters we use in Astronomy (Astrophotography) are sided- they work best passing light in one direction so I guess the arrows on the filter frames indicate which way round to install them in the filter wheel.
1
Reply
@vitukz
12 hours ago
A mate with Channel @extractions&ire could use it
2
Reply
@RobertGallop
19 hours ago
That LED module says it can go up to 28 amps!!! 21 amps for 100%. You should see what it does at 20 amps!
Reply
@Prophes0r
19 hours ago
I had an "Oh SHIT!" moment when I realized that the weird trapezoidal shape of that light guide was for keystone correction of the light source.
Very clever.
6
Reply
@OneBiOzZ
20 hours ago
given the cost of the CCD you think they could have run another PCB for it
9
Reply
@tekvax01
21 hours ago
$20 thousand dollars per minute of run time!
1
Reply
@tekvax01
22 hours ago
"We spared no expense!" John Hammond Jurassic Park.
*(that's why this thing costs the same as a 50-seat Greyhound Bus coach!)
Reply
@florianf4257
22 hours ago
The smearing on the image could be due to the fact that you don't use a shutter, so you see brighter stripes under bright areas of the image as you still iluminate these pixels while the sensor data ist shifted out towards the top. I experienced this effect back at university with a LN-Cooled CCD for Spectroscopy. The stripes disapeared as soon as you used the shutter instead of disabling it in the open position (but fokussing at 100ms integration time and continuous readout with a focal plane shutter isn't much fun).
12
Reply
mikeselectricstuff
·
1 reply
@mikeselectricstuff
12 hours ago
I didn't think of that, but makes sense
2
Reply
@douro20
22 hours ago (edited)
The red LED reminds me of one from Roithner Lasertechnik. I have a Symbol 2D scanner which uses two very bright LEDs from that company, one red and one red-orange. The red-orange is behind a lens which focuses it into an extremely narrow beam.
1
Reply
@RicoElectrico
23 hours ago
PFG is Pulse Flush Gate according to the datasheet.
Reply
@dcallan812
23 hours ago
Very interesting. 2x
Reply
@littleboot_
1 day ago
Cool interesting device
Reply
@dav1dbone
1 day ago
I've stripped large projectors, looks similar, wonder if some of those castings are a magnesium alloy?
Reply
@kevywevvy8833
1 day ago
ironic that some of those Phlatlight modules are used in some of the cheapest disco lights.
1
Reply
1 reply
@bill6255
1 day ago
Great vid - gets right into subject in title, its packed with information, wraps up quickly. Should get a YT award! imho
3
Reply
@JAKOB1977
1 day ago (edited)
The whole sensor module incl. a 5 grand 50mpix sensor for 49 £.. highest bid atm
Though also a limited CCD sensor, but for the right buyer its a steal at these relative low sums.
Architecture Full Frame CCD (Square Pixels)
Total Number of Pixels 8304 (H) × 6220 (V) = 51.6 Mp
Number of Effective Pixels 8208 (H) × 6164 (V) = 50.5 Mp
Number of Active Pixels 8176 (H) × 6132 (V) = 50.1 Mp
Pixel Size 6.0 m (H) × 6.0 m (V)
Active Image Size 49.1 mm (H) × 36.8 mm (V)
61.3 mm (Diagonal),
645 1.1x Optical Format
Aspect Ratio 4:3
Horizontal Outputs 4
Saturation Signal 40.3 ke−
Output Sensitivity 31 V/e−
Quantum Efficiency
KAF−50100−CAA
KAF−50100−AAA
KAF−50100−ABA (with Lens)
22%, 22%, 16% (Peak R, G, B)
25%
62%
Read Noise (f = 18 MHz) 12.5 e−
Dark Signal (T = 60°C) 42 pA/cm2
Dark Current Doubling Temperature 5.7°C
Dynamic Range (f = 18 MHz) 70.2 dB
Estimated Linear Dynamic Range
(f = 18 MHz)
69.3 dB
Charge Transfer Efficiency
Horizontal
Vertical
0.999995
0.999999
Blooming Protection
(4 ms Exposure Time)
800X Saturation Exposure
Maximum Date Rate 18 MHz
Package Ceramic PGA
Cover Glass MAR Coated, 2 Sides or
Clear Glass
Features
• TRUESENSE Transparent Gate Electrode
for High Sensitivity
• Ultra-High Resolution
• Board Dynamic Range
• Low Noise Architecture
• Large Active Imaging Area
Applications
• Digitization
• Mapping/Aerial
• Photography
• Scientific
Thx for the tear down Mike, always a joy
Reply
@martinalooksatthings
1 day ago
15:49 that is some great bodging on of caps, they really didn't want to respin that PCB huh
8
Reply
@RhythmGamer
1 day ago
Was depressed today and then a new mike video dropped and now I’m genuinely happy to get my tear down fix
1
Reply
@dine9093
1 day ago (edited)
Did you transfrom into Mr Blobby for a moment there?
2
Reply
@NickNorton
1 day ago
Thanks Mike. Your videos are always interesting.
5
Reply
@KeritechElectronics
1 day ago
Heavy optics indeed... Spare no expense, cost no object. Splendid build quality. The CCD is a thing of beauty!
1
Reply
@YSoreil
1 day ago
The pricing on that sensor is about right, I looked in to these many years ago when they were still in production since it's the only large sensor you could actually buy. Really cool to see one in the wild.
2
Reply
@snik2pl
1 day ago
That leds look like from led projector
Reply
@vincei4252
1 day ago
TDI = Time Domain Integration ?
1
Reply
@wolpumba4099
1 day ago (edited)
Maybe the camera should not be illuminated during readout.
From the datasheet of the sensor (Onsemi): saturation 40300 electrons, read noise 12.5 electrons per pixel @ 18MHz (quite bad). quantum efficiency 62% (if it has micro lenses), frame rate 1 Hz. lateral overflow drain to prevent blooming protects against 800x (factor increases linearly with exposure time) saturation exposure (32e6 electrons per pixel at 4ms exposure time), microlens has +/- 20 degree acceptance angle
i guess it would be good for astrophotography
4
Reply
@txm100
1 day ago (edited)
Babe wake up a new mikeselectricstuff has dropped!
9
Reply
@vincei4252
1 day ago
That looks like a finger-lakes filter wheel, however, for astronomy they'd never use such a large stepper.
1
Reply
@MRooodddvvv
1 day ago
yaaaaay ! more overcomplicated optical stuff !
4
Reply
1 reply
@NoPegs
1 day ago
He lives!
11
Reply
1 reply
Transcript
0:00
so I've stripped all the bits of the
0:01
optical system so basically we've got
0:03
the uh the camera
0:05
itself which is mounted on this uh very
0:09
complex
0:10
adjustment thing which obviously to set
0:13
you the various tilt and uh alignment
0:15
stuff then there's two of these massive
0:18
lenses I've taken one of these apart I
0:20
think there's something like about eight
0:22
or nine Optical elements in here these
0:25
don't seem to do a great deal in terms
0:26
of electr magnification they're obiously
0:28
just about getting the image to where it
0:29
uh where it needs to be just so that
0:33
goes like that then this Optical block I
0:36
originally thought this was made of some
0:37
s crazy heavy material but it's just
0:39
really the sum of all these Optical bits
0:41
are just ridiculously heavy those lenses
0:43
are about 4 kilos each and then there's
0:45
this very heavy very solid um piece that
0:47
goes in the middle and this is so this
0:49
is the filter wheel assembly with a
0:51
hilariously oversized steper
0:53
motor driving this wheel with these very
0:57
large narrow band filters so we've got
1:00
various different shades of uh
1:03
filters there five Al together that
1:06
one's actually just showing up a silver
1:07
that's actually a a red but fairly low
1:10
transmission orangey red blue green
1:15
there's an excess cover on this side so
1:16
the filters can be accessed and changed
1:19
without taking anything else apart even
1:21
this is like ridiculous it's like solid
1:23
aluminium this is just basically a cover
1:25
the actual wavelengths of these are um
1:27
488 525 570 630 and 700 NM not sure what
1:32
the suffix on that perhaps that's the uh
1:34
the width of the spectral line say these
1:37
are very narrow band filters most of
1:39
them are you very little light through
1:41
so it's still very tight narrow band to
1:43
match the um fluoresence of the dies
1:45
they're using in the biochemical process
1:48
and obviously to reject the light that's
1:49
being fired at it from that Illuminator
1:51
box and then there's a there's a second
1:53
one of these lenses then the actual sort
1:55
of samples below that so uh very serious
1:58
amount of very uh chunky heavy Optics
2:01
okay let's take a look at this light
2:02
source made by company Lumen Dynamics
2:04
who are now part of
2:06
excelitas self-contained unit power
2:08
connector USB and this which one of the
2:11
Cable Bundle said was a TTL interface
2:14
USB wasn't used in uh the fluid
2:17
application output here and I think this
2:19
is an input for um light feedback I
2:21
don't if it's regulated or just a measur
2:23
measurement facility and the uh fiber
2:27
assembly
2:29
Square Inlet there and then there's two
2:32
outputs which have uh lens assemblies
2:35
and this small one which goes back into
2:37
that small Port just Loops out of here
2:40
straight back in So on this side we've
2:42
got the electronics which look pretty
2:44
straightforward we've got a bit of power
2:45
supply stuff over here and we've got
2:48
separate drivers for each wavelength now
2:50
interesting this is clearly been very
2:52
specifically made for this application
2:54
you I was half expecting like say some
2:56
generic drivers that could be used for a
2:58
number of different things but actually
3:00
literally specified the exact wavelength
3:02
on the PCB there is provision here for
3:04
385 NM which isn't populated but this is
3:07
clearly been designed very specifically
3:09
so these four drivers look the same but
3:10
then there's two higher power ones for
3:12
575 and
3:14
520 a slightly bigger heat sink on this
3:16
575 section there a p 24 which is
3:20
providing USB interface USB isolator the
3:23
USB interface just presents as a comport
3:26
I did have a quick look but I didn't
3:27
actually get anything sensible um I did
3:29
dump the Pi code out and there's a few
3:31
you a few sort of commands that you
3:32
could see in text but I didn't actually
3:34
manage to get it working properly I
3:36
found some software for related version
3:38
but it didn't seem to want to talk to it
3:39
but um I say that wasn't used for the
3:41
original application it might be quite
3:42
interesting to get try and get the Run
3:44
hours count out of it and the TTL
3:46
interface looks fairly straightforward
3:48
we've got positions for six opto
3:50
isolators but only five five are
3:52
installed so that corresponds with the
3:54
unused thing so I think this hopefully
3:56
should be as simple as just providing a
3:57
ttrl signal for each color to uh enable
4:00
it a big heat sink here which is there I
4:03
think there's like a big S of metal
4:04
plate through the middle of this that
4:05
all the leads are mounted on the other
4:07
side so this is heat sinking it with a
4:09
air flow from a uh just a fan in here
4:13
obviously don't have the air flow
4:14
anywhere near the Optics so conduction
4:17
cool through to this plate that's then
4:18
uh air cooled got some pots which are
4:21
presumably power
4:22
adjustments okay let's take a look at
4:24
the other side which is uh much more
4:27
interesting see we've got some uh very
4:31
uh neatly Twisted cable assemblies there
4:35
a bunch of leads so we've got one here
4:37
475 up here 430 NM 630 575 and 520
4:44
filters and dcro mirrors a quick way to
4:48
see what's white is if we just shine
4:49
some white light through
4:51
here not sure how it is is to see on the
4:54
camera but shining white light we do
4:55
actually get a bit of red a bit of blue
4:57
some yellow here so the obstacle path
5:00
575 it goes sort of here bounces off
5:03
this mirror and goes out the 520 goes
5:07
sort of down here across here and up
5:09
there 630 goes basically straight
5:13
through
5:15
430 goes across there down there along
5:17
there and the 475 goes down here and
5:20
left this is the light sensing thing
5:22
think here there's just a um I think
5:24
there a photo diode or other sensor
5:26
haven't actually taken that off and
5:28
everything's fixed down to this chunk of
5:31
aluminium which acts as the heat
5:32
spreader that then conducts the heat to
5:33
the back side for the heat
5:35
sink and the actual lead packages all
5:38
look fairly similar except for this one
5:41
on the 575 which looks quite a bit more
5:44
substantial big spay
5:46
Terminals and the interface for this
5:48
turned out to be extremely simple it's
5:50
literally a 5V TTL level to enable each
5:54
color doesn't seem to be any tensity
5:56
control but there are some additional
5:58
pins on that connector that weren't used
5:59
in the through time thing so maybe
6:01
there's some extra lines that control
6:02
that I couldn't find any data on this uh
6:05
unit and the um their current product
6:07
range is quite significantly different
6:09
so we've got the uh blue these
6:13
might may well be saturating the camera
6:16
so they might look a bit weird so that's
6:17
the 430
6:18
blue the 575
6:24
yellow uh
6:26
475 light blue
6:29
the uh 520
6:31
green and the uh 630 red now one
6:36
interesting thing I noticed for the
6:39
575 it's actually it's actually using a
6:42
white lead and then filtering it rather
6:44
than using all the other ones are using
6:46
leads which are the fundamental colors
6:47
but uh this is actually doing white and
6:50
it's a combination of this filter and
6:52
the dichroic mirrors that are turning to
6:55
Yellow if we take the filter out and a
6:57
lot of the a lot of the um blue content
7:00
is going this way the red is going
7:02
straight through these two mirrors so
7:05
this is clearly not reflecting much of
7:08
that so we end up with the yellow coming
7:10
out of uh out of there which is a fairly
7:14
light yellow color which you don't
7:16
really see from high intensity leads so
7:19
that's clearly why they've used the
7:20
white to uh do this power consumption of
7:23
the white is pretty high so going up to
7:25
about 2 and 1 half amps on that color
7:27
whereas most of the other colors are
7:28
only drawing half an amp or so at 24
7:30
volts the uh the green is up to about
7:32
1.2 but say this thing is uh much
7:35
brighter and if you actually run all the
7:38
colors at the same time you get a fairly
7:41
reasonable um looking white coming out
7:43
of it and one thing you might just be
7:45
out to notice is there is some sort
7:46
color banding around here that's not
7:49
getting uh everything s completely
7:51
concentric and I think that's where this
7:53
fiber optic thing comes
7:58
in I'll
8:00
get a couple of Fairly accurately shaped
8:04
very sort of uniform color and looking
8:06
at What's um inside here we've basically
8:09
just got this Square Rod so this is
8:12
clearly yeah the lights just bouncing
8:13
off all the all the various sides to um
8:16
get a nice uniform illumination uh this
8:19
back bit looks like it's all potted so
8:21
nothing I really do to get in there I
8:24
think this is fiber so I have come
8:26
across um cables like this which are
8:27
liquid fill but just looking through the
8:30
end of this it's probably a bit hard to
8:31
see it does look like there fiber ends
8:34
going going on there and so there's this
8:36
feedback thing which is just obviously
8:39
compensating for the any light losses
8:41
through here to get an accurate
8:43
representation of uh the light that's
8:45
been launched out of these two
8:47
fibers and you see uh
8:49
these have got this sort of trapezium
8:54
shape light guides again it's like a
8:56
sort of acrylic or glass light guide
9:00
guess projected just to make the right
9:03
rectangular
9:04
shape and look at this Center assembly
9:07
um the light output doesn't uh change
9:10
whether you feed this in or not so it's
9:11
clear not doing any internal Clos Loop
9:14
control obviously there may well be some
9:16
facility for it to do that but it's not
9:17
being used in this
9:19
application and so this output just
9:21
produces a voltage on the uh outle
9:24
connector proportional to the amount of
9:26
light that's present so there's a little
9:28
diffuser in the back there
9:30
and then there's just some kind of uh
9:33
Optical sensor looks like a
9:35
chip looking at the lead it's a very
9:37
small package on the PCB with this lens
9:40
assembly over the top and these look
9:43
like they're actually on a copper
9:44
Metalized PCB for maximum thermal
9:47
performance and yeah it's a very small
9:49
package looks like it's a ceramic
9:51
package and there's a thermister there
9:53
for temperature monitoring this is the
9:56
475 blue one this is the 520 need to
9:59
Green which is uh rather different OB
10:02
it's a much bigger D with lots of bond
10:04
wise but also this looks like it's using
10:05
a phosphor if I shine a blue light at it
10:08
lights up green so this is actually a
10:10
phosphor conversion green lead which
10:12
I've I've come across before they want
10:15
that specific wavelength so they may be
10:17
easier to tune a phosphor than tune the
10:20
um semiconductor material to get the uh
10:23
right right wavelength from the lead
10:24
directly uh red 630 similar size to the
10:28
blue one or does seem to have a uh a
10:31
lens on top of it there is a sort of red
10:33
coloring to
10:35
the die but that doesn't appear to be
10:38
fluorescent as far as I can
10:39
tell and the white one again a little
10:41
bit different sort of much higher
10:43
current
10:46
connectors a makeer name on that
10:48
connector flot light not sure if that's
10:52
the connector or the lead
10:54
itself and obviously with the phosphor
10:56
and I'd imagine that phosphor may well
10:58
be tuned to get the maximum to the uh 5
11:01
cenm and actually this white one looks
11:04
like a St fairly standard product I just
11:06
found it in Mouse made by luminous
11:09
devices in fact actually I think all
11:11
these are based on various luminous
11:13
devices modules and they're you take
11:17
looks like they taking the nearest
11:18
wavelength and then just using these
11:19
filters to clean it up to get a precise
11:22
uh spectral line out of it so quite a
11:25
nice neat and um extreme
11:30
bright light source uh sure I've got any
11:33
particular use for it so I think this
11:35
might end up on
11:36
eBay but uh very pretty to look out and
11:40
without the uh risk of burning your eyes
11:43
out like you do with lasers so I thought
11:45
it would be interesting to try and
11:46
figure out the runtime of this things
11:48
like this we usually keep some sort
11:49
record of runtime cuz leads degrade over
11:51
time I couldn't get any software to work
11:52
through the USB face but then had a
11:54
thought probably going to be writing the
11:55
runtime periodically to the e s prom so
11:58
I just just scope up that and noticed it
12:00
was doing right every 5 minutes so I
12:02
just ran it for a while periodically
12:04
reading the E squ I just held the pick
12:05
in in reset and um put clip over to read
12:07
the square prom and found it was writing
12:10
one location per color every 5 minutes
12:12
so if one color was on it would write
12:14
that location every 5 minutes and just
12:16
increment it by one so after doing a few
12:18
tests with different colors of different
12:19
time periods it looked extremely
12:21
straightforward it's like a four bite
12:22
count for each color looking at the
12:24
original data that was in it all the
12:26
colors apart from Green were reading
12:28
zero and the green was reading four
12:30
indicating a total 20 minutes run time
12:32
ever if it was turned on run for a short
12:34
time then turned off that might not have
12:36
been counted but even so indicates this
12:37
thing wasn't used a great deal the whole
12:40
s process of doing a run can be several
12:42
hours but it'll only be doing probably
12:43
the Imaging at the end of that so you
12:46
wouldn't expect to be running for a long
12:47
time but say a single color for 20
12:50
minutes over its whole lifetime does
12:52
seem a little bit on the low side okay
12:55
let's look at the camera un fortunately
12:57
I managed to not record any sound when I
12:58
did this it's also a couple of months
13:00
ago so there's going to be a few details
13:02
that I've forgotten so I'm just going to
13:04
dub this over the original footage so um
13:07
take the lid off see this massive great
13:10
heat sink so this is a pel cool camera
13:12
we've got this blower fan producing a
13:14
fair amount of air flow through
13:16
it the connector here there's the ccds
13:19
mounted on the board on the
13:24
right this unplugs so we've got a bit of
13:27
power supply stuff on here
13:29
USB interface I think that's the Cyprus
13:32
microcontroller High speeded USB
13:34
interface there's a zyink spon fpga some
13:40
RAM and there's a couple of ATD
13:42
converters can't quite read what those
13:45
those are but anal
13:47
devices um little bit of bodgery around
13:51
here extra decoupling obviously they
13:53
have having some noise issues this is
13:55
around the ram chip quite a lot of extra
13:57
capacitors been added there
13:59
uh there's a couple of amplifiers prior
14:01
to the HD converter buffers or Andor
14:05
amplifiers taking the CCD
14:08
signal um bit more power spy stuff here
14:11
this is probably all to do with
14:12
generating the various CCD bias voltages
14:14
they uh need quite a lot of exotic
14:18
voltages next board down is just a
14:20
shield and an interconnect
14:24
boardly shielding the power supply stuff
14:26
from some the more sensitive an log
14:28
stuff
14:31
and this is the bottom board which is
14:32
just all power supply
14:34
stuff as you can see tons of capacitors
14:37
or Transformer in
14:42
there and this is the CCD which is a uh
14:47
very impressive thing this is a kf50 100
14:50
originally by true sense then codec
14:53
there ON
14:54
Semiconductor it's 50 megapixels uh the
14:58
only price I could find was this one
15:00
5,000 bucks and the architecture you can
15:03
see there actually two separate halves
15:04
which explains the Dual AZ converters
15:06
and two amplifiers it's literally split
15:08
down the middle and duplicated so it's
15:10
outputting two streams in parallel just
15:13
to keep the bandwidth sensible and it's
15:15
got this amazing um diffraction effects
15:18
it's got micro lenses over the pixel so
15:20
there's there's a bit more Optics going
15:22
on than on a normal
15:25
sensor few more bodges on the CCD board
15:28
including this wire which isn't really
15:29
tacked down very well which is a bit uh
15:32
bit of a mess quite a few bits around
15:34
this board where they've uh tacked
15:36
various bits on which is not super
15:38
impressive looks like CCD drivers on the
15:40
left with those 3 ohm um damping
15:43
resistors on the
15:47
output get a few more little bodges
15:50
around here some of
15:52
the and there's this separator the
15:54
silica gel to keep the moisture down but
15:56
there's this separator that actually
15:58
appears to be cut from piece of
15:59
antistatic
16:04
bag and this sort of thermal block on
16:06
top of this stack of three pel Cola
16:12
modules so as with any Stacks they get
16:16
um larger as they go back towards the
16:18
heat sink because each P's got to not
16:20
only take the heat from the previous but
16:21
also the waste heat which is quite
16:27
significant you see a little temperature
16:29
sensor here that copper block which
16:32
makes contact with the back of the
16:37
CCD and this's the back of the
16:40
pelas this then contacts the heat sink
16:44
on the uh rear there a few thermal pads
16:46
as well for some of the other power
16:47
components on this
16:51
PCB okay I've connected this uh camera
16:54
up I found some drivers on the disc that
16:56
seem to work under Windows 7 couldn't
16:58
get to install under Windows 11 though
17:01
um in the absence of any sort of lens or
17:03
being bothered to the proper amount I've
17:04
just put some f over it and put a little
17:06
pin in there to make a pinhole lens and
17:08
software gives a few options I'm not
17:11
entirely sure what all these are there's
17:12
obviously a clock frequency 22 MHz low
17:15
gain and with PFG no idea what that is
17:19
something something game programmable
17:20
Something game perhaps ver exposure
17:23
types I think focus is just like a
17:25
continuous grab until you tell it to
17:27
stop not entirely sure all these options
17:30
are obviously exposure time uh triggers
17:33
there ex external hardware trigger inut
17:35
you just trigger using a um thing on
17:37
screen so the resolution is 8176 by
17:40
6132 and you can actually bin those
17:42
where you combine multiple pixels to get
17:46
increased gain at the expense of lower
17:48
resolution down this is a 10sec exposure
17:51
obviously of the pin hole it's very uh
17:53
intensitive so we just stand still now
17:56
downloading it there's the uh exposure
17:59
so when it's
18:01
um there's a little status thing down
18:03
here so that tells you the um exposure
18:07
[Applause]
18:09
time it's this is just it
18:15
downloading um it is quite I'm seeing
18:18
quite a lot like smearing I think that I
18:20
don't know whether that's just due to
18:21
pixels overloading or something else I
18:24
mean yeah it's not it's not um out of
18:26
the question that there's something not
18:27
totally right about this camera
18:28
certainly was bodge wise on there um I
18:31
don't I'd imagine a camera like this
18:32
it's got a fairly narrow range of
18:34
intensities that it's happy with I'm not
18:36
going to spend a great deal of time on
18:38
this if you're interested in this camera
18:40
maybe for astronomy or something and
18:42
happy to sort of take the risk of it may
18:44
not be uh perfect I'll um I think I'll
18:47
stick this on eBay along with the
18:48
Illuminator I'll put a link down in the
18:50
description to the listing take your
18:52
chances to grab a bargain so for example
18:54
here we see this vertical streaking so
18:56
I'm not sure how normal that is this is
18:58
on fairly bright scene looking out the
19:02
window if I cut the exposure time down
19:04
on that it's now 1 second
19:07
exposure again most of the image
19:09
disappears again this is looks like it's
19:11
possibly over still overloading here go
19:14
that go down to say say quarter a
19:16
second so again I think there might be
19:19
some Auto gain control going on here um
19:21
this is with the PFG option let's try
19:23
turning that off and see what
19:25
happens so I'm not sure this is actually
19:27
more streaking or which just it's
19:29
cranked up the gain all the dis display
19:31
gray scale to show what um you know the
19:33
range of things that it's captured
19:36
there's one of one of 12 things in the
19:38
software there's um you can see of you
19:40
can't seem to read out the temperature
19:42
of the pelta cooler but you can set the
19:44
temperature and if you said it's a
19:46
different temperature you see the power
19:48
consumption jump up running the cooler
19:50
to get the temperature you requested but
19:52
I can't see anything anywhere that tells
19:54
you whether the cool is at the at the
19:56
temperature other than the power
19:57
consumption going down and there's no
19:59
temperature read out
20:03
here and just some yeah this is just
20:05
sort of very basic software I'm sure
20:07
there's like an API for more
20:09
sophisticated
20:10
applications but so if you know anything
20:12
more about these cameras please um stick
20:14
in the
20:15
comments um incidentally when I was
20:18
editing I didn't notice there was a bent
20:19
pin on the um CCD but I did fix that
20:22
before doing these tests and also
20:24
reactivated the um silica gel desicant
20:26
cuz I noticed it was uh I was getting
20:28
bit of condensation on the window but um
20:31
yeah so a couple of uh interesting but
20:34
maybe not particularly uh useful pieces
20:37
of Kit except for someone that's got a
20:38
very specific use so um I'll stick a
20:42
I'll stick these on eBay put a link in
20:44
the description and say hopefully
20:45
someone could actually make some uh good
20:47
use of these things
Example Output:
**Abstract:**
This video presents Part 2 of a teardown focusing on the optical components of a Fluidigm Polaris biotechnology instrument, specifically the multi-wavelength illuminator and the high-resolution CCD camera.
The Lumen Dynamics illuminator unit is examined in detail, revealing its construction using multiple high-power LEDs (430nm, 475nm, 520nm, 575nm, 630nm) combined via dichroic mirrors and filters. A square fiber optic rod is used to homogenize the light. A notable finding is the use of a phosphor-converted white LED filtered to achieve the 575nm output. The unit features simple TTL activation for each color, conduction cooling, and internal homogenization optics. Analysis of its EEPROM suggests extremely low operational runtime.
The camera module teardown showcases a 50 Megapixel ON Semiconductor KAF-50100 CCD sensor with micro-lenses, cooled by a multi-stage Peltier stack. The control electronics include an FPGA and a USB interface. Significant post-manufacturing modifications ("bodges") are observed on the camera's circuit boards. Basic functional testing using vendor software and a pinhole lens confirms image capture but reveals prominent vertical streaking artifacts, the cause of which remains uncertain (potential overload, readout artifact, or fault).
**Exploring the Fluidigm Polaris: A Detailed Look at its High-End Optics and Camera System**
* **0:00 High-End Optics:** The system utilizes heavy, high-quality lenses and mirrors for precise imaging, weighing around 4 kilos each.
* **0:49 Narrow Band Filters:** A filter wheel with five narrow band filters (488, 525, 570, 630, and 700 nm) ensures accurate fluorescence detection and rejection of excitation light.
* **2:01 Customizable Illumination:** The Lumen Dynamics light source offers five individually controllable LED wavelengths (430, 475, 520, 575, 630 nm) with varying power outputs. The 575nm yellow LED is uniquely achieved using a white LED with filtering.
* **3:45 TTL Control:** The light source is controlled via a simple TTL interface, enabling easy on/off switching for each LED color.
* **12:55 Sophisticated Camera:** The system includes a 50-megapixel Kodak KAI-50100 CCD camera with a Peltier cooling system for reduced noise.
* **14:54 High-Speed Data Transfer:** The camera features dual analog-to-digital converters to manage the high data throughput of the 50-megapixel sensor, which is effectively two 25-megapixel sensors operating in parallel.
* **18:11 Possible Issues:** The video creator noted some potential issues with the camera, including image smearing.
* **18:11 Limited Dynamic Range:** The camera's sensor has a limited dynamic range, making it potentially challenging to capture scenes with a wide range of brightness levels.
* **11:45 Low Runtime:** Internal data suggests the system has seen minimal usage, with only 20 minutes of recorded runtime for the green LED.
* **20:38 Availability on eBay:** Both the illuminator and camera are expected to be listed for sale on eBay.
Here is the real transcript. Please summarize it:
00:00:54 so my idea in doing all this
00:00:54 isn't to contact the flower
00:00:56 or
00:01:02 [Music]
00:01:02 with all the material
00:01:04 almost like uh when you can see like
00:01:06 explode the resin on the glove
00:01:09 the gloves kind of attract the resin off
00:01:13 you put the hand under the pile give
00:01:15 like the lightest shimmy like pull your
00:01:16 hand up
00:01:18 and it takes the resin off
00:03:22 we're at agglomerates it's from the
00:03:22 positive and negative and the different
00:03:23 polarity from the hamilton for the head
00:03:26 that tells you where if you still have
00:03:27 head if you vibrate and get acclimation
00:03:29 that means you still have uh
00:03:31 meddling middling medley
00:03:33 yeah
00:04:13 these are really big houses
00:04:13 it's about
00:04:14 140 microns this is 140 to
00:04:17 175 microns
00:04:34 now
00:04:34 the brush
00:04:36 pulls kind of like push it out right
00:04:39 but at the same time the airflow from
00:04:41 like acting as a fan
00:04:43 as it floats the heads want to go in the
00:04:45 direction they were flicked or swung but
00:04:47 the contaminant kind of expands further
00:04:50 away so as long as you naturally kind of
00:04:52 keep brushing
00:04:54 in more of that center area
00:05:30 [Music]
00:05:30 so
00:05:31 [Music]
00:06:00 so
00:06:00 [Music]
00:06:47 uh this is almost as
00:06:47 strong as that alone
00:06:48 [Music]
00:06:51 negatively charged about 5 to 15
00:06:54 depending on where
00:06:55 it holds it at
00:06:58 [Music]
00:07:34 so
00:11:35 this is more sandy yeah it's very sandy
00:11:35 it's a different feeling it's a
00:11:37 different charge it's a different
00:11:38 material it's a different it's like
00:11:41 separating plastic to like an ore
00:11:44 like
00:11:59 you'll notice as the screen keeps being
00:11:59 freed up
00:12:00 that gritty feeling will keep getting
00:12:02 grittier and grittier i mean you're
00:12:03 doing stag right now you're getting
00:12:24 and even that feeling on the hands feels
00:12:24 entirely different
00:12:26 and then you can tell when you almost
00:12:27 get it off but then there's still
00:12:28 something left on your hand but when you
00:12:29 go and look at it's like well that's
00:12:31 actually like mostly stock like
00:13:14 [Music]
00:13:14 so
00:13:16 [Music]
00:17:11 try to
00:17:11 hold a basketball with one hand
00:17:19 you almost like hand flat while cupping
00:17:19 anyway
00:17:20 get in there hand flat fingers out and
00:17:22 give her a rub and see what you think
00:17:25 grab a little bit of that and bring it
00:17:27 out
00:17:39 so just take that and brush that off
00:17:39 with the brush in a little tiny spot
00:17:40 you'll be able to just
00:17:42 give it
00:17:56 [Music]
00:17:56 and i thought you were gonna go for the
00:17:57 big brush
00:17:59 i thought it was
00:18:00 a little bit stickier than
00:18:02 [Music]
00:18:03 midnight
00:18:09 it wasn't about a week ago
00:18:09 no the process like i didn't think it
00:18:11 was sticking
00:18:22 though it actually leaves a clean trail
00:18:22 so if you would have started with that
00:18:23 one everything you brushed off wouldn't
00:18:25 have flung to a different spot because
00:18:26 that brush doesn't charge
00:18:29 the contaminants much
00:18:31 but yes you still
00:18:38 smack your hand you that you're
00:18:38 good
00:18:45 [Music]
00:18:45 so
00:20:27 i mean seriously get more and more uh
00:20:27 [Music]
00:20:28 gravitational light
00:20:35 and that shouldn't be handled
00:20:35 there will be some but it'll be the
00:20:37 smaller ones
00:20:40 [Music]
00:20:48 air effectively to move the smoke if it
00:20:50 was all fluidized it could be
00:20:54 [Music]
00:21:25 going slow picks it up
00:21:25 fast cleans it up
00:21:26 so
00:21:28 pick up and clean up
00:21:53 that
00:21:53 builds up the brussels and you can see
00:21:54 the darkness about all that's about
00:21:56 there right
00:21:57 so now
00:21:58 [Music]
00:21:59 i have my
00:22:02 doodad
00:22:03 over here
00:22:13 it's coming off but you notice
00:22:13 there's still here
00:22:14 it's
00:22:16 that's that's my mid
00:22:17 so now if you look at just like what's
00:22:19 here
00:22:30 [Music]
00:22:30 i mean
00:22:31 it wasn't it wasn't too compared to like
00:22:33 what the rest of it was
00:22:35 so
00:22:36 we'll do that again now we'll give it a
00:22:38 secondary
00:22:59 i noticed that nothing's flying out far
00:22:59 if you notice at first
00:23:01 [Music]
00:23:03 okay
00:23:04 do you watch
00:23:06 i'm gonna brush about right here you'll
00:23:08 notice the fly out about here
00:23:10 see it
00:23:11 but now if i keep doing it it won't fly
00:23:13 out that far see how i was saying that
00:23:15 really my head contest has been
00:23:16 decreased
00:23:17 see a little bit just go out and then it
00:23:18 stopped again so that's when i stopped
00:23:20 doing it now that would be then blown
00:23:22 off with an air compressor
00:23:23 [Music]
00:23:25 added back to recleaning or added back
00:23:28 to waste biomass to go into
00:23:31 what have you
00:23:32 but that would be but i mean now it's
00:23:34 playing back
00:23:40 so
00:23:40 all i've been doing still
00:23:42 is rubbing with different stages if i
00:23:44 want to do all the brush
00:23:47 [Music]
00:24:02 all right let's
00:24:03 [Music]
00:24:22 that was just one little time
00:24:22 now
00:24:23 [Music]
00:24:35 and the brush is picking up the
00:24:36 contaminants and working it through at
00:24:38 the same time
00:24:39 what do you mean working it through
00:24:41 just like my hand is working the
00:24:42 contaminants through the screen from
00:24:43 friction rolling it but it's also
00:24:46 constantly grabbing contaminants like
00:24:48 this
00:24:48 but it's a different
00:24:50 type of stages it's like multiple little
00:24:53 feathery stage versus one
00:24:56 type
00:24:57 but doing that
00:26:37 [Music]
00:26:37 okay but why is there anything so
00:26:39 the only way i can clean the
00:26:41 largest area of screen the largest
00:26:43 surface area of the screen without
00:26:45 taking the mass off the screen is by
00:26:46 getting it in the most condensed pile so
00:26:49 wherever i can get it
00:26:53 anywhere
00:26:55 doing this until
00:27:00 that sound
00:27:00 because once the pores get the this
00:27:02 i had you feel gets lifted out and then
00:27:04 that's when you're back to being able to
00:27:05 rub on the mesh then you can bring it
00:27:07 back over and actually use the mesh for
00:27:09 letting us