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- 0:00 Introduction to PAO: The video explains the PAO system as an advanced method for memorizing numbers, names, and sentences.
- 0:06 PAO System Basics (0:06): The PAO involves breaking down information into person, action, and object elements for memorable associations.
- 0:06 Number to Image Conversion: Numbers are converted into images based on the major system.
- 0:00 Example: 21 (Jack Nicholson), 36 (throwing burning matches), 90 (at a bus).
- 0:22 Major System Preference: The video highlights the creator’s preference for the major system due to its logic.
- 0:25 Major System Overview: The major system assigns consonants to digits (e.g., 2=N, 1=T/D).
- 0:04 Giarno Bruno and Historical Context: Mentions figures like Bruno and "De umbris idearum" for adding depth to memory techniques.
- 0:06 Bestiary Connection: Refers to Mary Carruthers' book, "Memory Craft," and the concept of a Bestiary for images.
- 0:06 How to Create Your PAO: Commit to doing it, then writing the major, and then work out your possible images there.
- 0:09 Mandarin Example: Using the PAO system and locations to memorize the Tones from Madarin.
- 0:10 Latin Example: Using the PAO system and locations to memorize Latin.
- 0:10 Connection to Aristotle's Nuclear Alphabet: Recommends watching another video for more details on building PAOs.
- 0:11 Example of Practical Application (0:11): Demonstrates using the PAO system to remember the number 22 and connecting it to a statue and an image of Mr. Bean dressed as a nun.
- 0:12 The key to success: Commitment to the major system, and constant re-evaluation.
- 1:00: Recommends watching another video on Aristotle's Nuclear Alphabet
- 0:00 Waste of Time if Incorrect: The Memory Palace technique is ineffective if not used correctly, often due to incomplete instruction.
- 0:11 Ancient Origins: The technique has ancient roots, with people carrying entire books in their minds.
- 0:45 Maximize Results: Subscribe and like to learn how to use the Memory Palace effectively for academic success.
- 0:49 Lynn Kelly: Good research has been done in Memory Code and Memory Craft.
- 0:59 Teachers Throughout History: Throughout history, the way to properly use Memory Palace has been the same.
- 1:27 History: When it comes to using Memory Palace technique for studying, the earliest place to look in history is Hugh of St. Victor.
- 1:40 Using Memory Palace Correctly: Benefit of using Memory Palace correctly is that it is a way of helping you place information in your long-term memory through a variety of active learning processes.
- 2:57 Fluidity: Makes it that you can minimize the amount of time that you have to spend on using the technique.
- 3:59 What is the Memory Palace Technique: Not just one technique, it's at least five techniques coming together as one seamless move.
- 5:23 5 Techniques: The Memory Palace system, alphabetical associations, numerical associations, symbol associations, and spaced repetition combine to maximize memory retention.
- 6:43 Mental Imagery: Does not have to be seen. This is one of the biggest keys to getting the Memory Palace to work flawlessly.
- 7:10 5 Systems Importance: The information enters your long-term memory and you can access it without having to think about the Memory Palace.
- 8:00 Thousands of Student Drawings: Students send in drawings of their memory palaces because they wish they learned this technique earlier.
- 8:21 Critical: Don't allow yourself to plan in the Memory Palace, you wind up building it as you go.
- 8:30 Base on Remembrance: Establish clear and distinctive locations in each Memory Palace.
- 9:13 Reality make it 100% based on memory so that you can not have to worry about visualizing it.
- 10:01 Unnecessary: Remove the unnecessary by having a true Memory Palace by maximizing the power of using distinctive locations exactly the way you remember them.
- 10:44 Clear Journey: You want a clear and concise journey where you start at a location and move in a linear fashion.
- 11:35 Make Sure Info Matters: Using it for the actual information that matters.
- 11:54 Extract information onto cards: Make a mental note and extract information onto cards; books typically have 10 chapters, 10 points in each chapter, and possibly 3 points depending on the book.
- 12:55 Form Memories: This process of weeding through notes will itself form memories.
- 13:55 Rhomatic Effect: Memorize those things that are the key points.
- 15:31 Page Mini Memory Palace: Use of pages as mini memory palaces.
- 15:41 Number System: Built out that you can watch in the POA system.
- 16:04 The Book Becomes A Kind Of Memory Palace: where each page is the equivalent of a wall.
- 16:47 Example: Page 71-79 is like a sermon.
- 17:55 Mindset: Book is not used if you are studying for an exam.
- 18:39 Breathing Room: You want the stations in your memory palaces to have some breathing room.
- 19:36 Recall: You're not going to have spatial room in which to do station skipping in recall rehearsal.
- 20:07 Elaborative In Coding: Memory scientists call this step elaborative in coding.
- 20:35 Elaborating and Associating your Images: Think about each station as needing to be what it is.
- 20:58 Simple Example: Use something already in memory.
- 21:29 Construction of the Word: Paying attention to the alphabetical construction of the word.
- 22:43 Images are not about Images: Logical sequence of stations throughout a space to link to highly multi-sensory images that are already in your memory.
- 23:53 The Art Of Memory: To use memory palaces that are based on memory to use images that are based on memory and to combine the two logically.
- 24:20 Refine - the Cave Cogs Formula: Instead of seeing Ant-Man as such, first get a kinesthetic feeling
- 27:11 Train Yourself: Get some wonderful index cards, write out the alphabet, and look at letters.
- 30:00 Procedural Memory: A superpower when you are using the Memory Palace for studying.
- 30:30 Training: You also train Cape Cogs by using anano dromia.
- 31:36 Size: Of Superman's muscles relative to ant-man's muscles.
- 31:50 Practice: Train in advance.
- 33:32 Juggle Multiple Subjects: Use the technique for a variety of subjects by making sure to have multiple memory palaces.
- 33:52 Mental Dexterity: Setup by having the memory palaces.
- 33:55 Scarcity: There's one for each letter of the alphabet and only scarcity-based thinking holds people back.
- 34:45 Number System: For memorizing dates.
- 34:49 Popular System: The major system.
- 36:30 Make Your Systems In Advance: Memory Palace, Alphabet, Number, and Symbol systems.
- 36:30 Science and Formulas: Make sure to never think of these as being difficult.
- 37:29 Rehearsal is Core: Recall Rehearsal is the core reason to use the Memory Palace Technique for studying in the first place.
- 37:54 Strengthen: To do it well, you will practice with a specific kind of retrieval that will strengthen your memory and Usher your target information into long-term memory.
- 38:00 Equal Doses: You want to apply equal doses of pracy effect and recency effect to each piece of information using the serial positioning effect.
- 38:35 Revisit Information: Revisit information by moving forward backward from the middle of the Memory Palace to the beginning and then from the middle to the end.
- 38:38 Skip the Stations: Each of these recall patterns will challenge you.
- 39:11 Opportunity to think: Thinking about what was wrong with my image in the Memory Palace.
- 39:34 Extend a Memory Palace Should Never Be Needed: Plus, you'll have a Memory Palace for every letter of the alphabet.
- 40:21 Establish, Add, Compounds: If you have memories established, you can add on details.
- 41:15 The Beauty: You will sometimes just remember it.
- 41:48 Prevent These Issues: The real key is to have as many memory palaces as possible to prevent these issues.
- 42:20 There are Some Other Ways That You Can Play Around With This: They really ultimately come down to Cave Cogs.
- 42:27 Walls of Memory Palace: Is just an additional amount of cognitive effort.
- 42:51 Float: Float the image in space and not have any special need for connection.
- 43:35 Physical Space: Lends itself to what I'm doing.
- 44:00 Do You Have Connections: This to the point of Ideal Nultra is to not have connections.
- 44:09 How to Clean Out Memory Palace: This really just seemed ultimately to me to be a waste of time relative to just having multiple memory palaces.
- 44:45 Works for you: Doing the art of memory.
- 45:02 Individual Style: Stick with it for at least 90 days, so your brain can formulate neuronal connections that will help you understand it.
- 45:16 Foundation Before Adding: Allowing that time to build a foundation.
- 46:02 Ron White: Used his method ever since.
- 46:37 Ego Thing: Not an ego thing.
- 46:37 Neuroscientific Thing: And it's well established in all kinds of science.
- 47:39 Understand: To allow yourself to absorb deeply is the principle in memory science of context-dependent memory.
- 47:53 Hit that thumbs up: Thanks for being here and liking.
- 48:33YT: Go to Magnetic Method.com YT, I have four videos that take you deeper into creating well-formed memory palaces with student examples.
- 48:43 Can’t Always Use This: When you can, it's great to if you are going to have an exam you use that room or the surrounding campus as a Memory Palace because it's great for context.
- 49:48 Boost of Recall: The context will give you a boost of recall.
- 50:02 Forest: You will be able to cut down anything.
- 0:00 Introduction to Mind Mapping: Mind mapping is a simple system that maximizes comprehension, memory, and recall by organizing information around a central concept.
- 0:01 Key Mind Mapping Principles: Mind maps involve a central idea with related sub-ideas radiating from it, often in a circular format. This structure enhances understanding and memorization.
- 0:01 Traditional Mind Mapping: The speaker uses ancient historical contexts such as Leonardo DaVinci, Ross Quillian, and Tony Buzan to help provide context for those interested in understanding the background of traditional mind mapping.
- 0:03 Tony Buzan's Influence: Tony Buzan, a psychologist, popularized mind mapping with his emphasis on central images and radiating associations. He believed mind mapping enhances mental abilities.
- 0:04 Color and Flow: Early mind maps often lack color and flow, hindering their effectiveness. The speaker found that adding color and flow to mind maps made them more engaging and useful.
- 0:04 Benefits of Mind Mapping: Mind mapping aids in scripting videos, organizing ideas, and enhancing presentations.
- 0:05 Memorization Techniques: Memorization involves connecting new information to existing knowledge, as demonstrated by the Greek tradition.
- 0:06 Active Learning: Active learning involves creating mind maps by hand and personalizing them with images to improve recall and engagement.
- 0:07 Personalization: Personalized mind maps are more effective because they resonate with the individual's unique perspective.
- 0:07 Scientific Basis: Scientific experiments show that personalization and variety in learning enhance memorization.
- 0:07 Mind Mapping for Storytelling: Mind mapping can be used for creating stories, novels, and developing characters by organizing plot points, character motivations, and themes.
- 0:11 Importance of Color: The speaker uses three colors in their mind maps to help put pressure on the mind when radiating ideas from the center topic, allowing their mind to come back to the topic with focus.
- 0:11 Mind Mapping and Problem-Solving: Mind mapping enhances focus and concentration, enabling quicker problem-solving and decision-making.
- 0:14 Software Independence: Mind mapping doesn't require software, allowing for offline idea generation and problem-solving.
- 0:15 Roger Sperry's Research: Dr. Roger Sperry's research suggests that mind mapping engages multiple parts of the brain, enhancing cognitive function.
- 0:17 Contrasting Mind Mapping Models: Experimenting with different models allows for a diverse pattern that fits naturally.
- 0:18 Whole Brain Activation: Mind maps activate both hemispheres of the brain, improving comprehension and understanding.
- 0:19 Setting a Goal for Mind Mapping: When creating a mind map, start with a specific goal, whether it's understanding something, telling a story, or memorizing information.
- 0:19 Techniques for Memorization: For memorization, create a 12-hour clock face mind map with 12 words related to a topic, using colors to enhance memory.
- 0:22 Maximizing Digital Spaces: Unlike physical maps, digital maps offer potentially unlimited space, allowing for more detailed organization.
- 0:22 Value of Limits: Imposing limits in mind mapping can enhance creativity and focus.
- 0:24 Adhering to Rules: Find a framework and follow the rules suggested by Tony Buzan to avoid getting stuck.
- 0:25 The 90-Day Rule: Commit to practicing mind mapping for at least 90 days to form a habit and experience its benefits.
- 0:27 Overcoming Self-Doubt: Addressing the self doubt of their viewers that they may have had to make it easier to use, create, and experiment mind maps.
- 0:27 Visual Reminders: Creating mind maps that can be referred to visually helps remind and focus on your goals.
- 0:28 Gaining Confidence: Mind mapping, combined with memory journals, can help build confidence and clarity.
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*PAO (Person-Action-Object) System for Memorization* * *0:00 Introduction to PAO:* The video explains the PAO system as an advanced method for memorizing numbers, names, and sentences. * *0:06 PAO System Basics (0:06):* The PAO involves breaking down information into person, action, and object elements for memorable associations. * *0:06 Number to Image Conversion:* Numbers are converted into images based on the major system. * *0:00 Example:* 21 (Jack Nicholson), 36 (throwing burning matches), 90 (at a bus). * *0:22 Major System Preference:* The video highlights the creator’s preference for the major system due to its logic. * *0:25 Major System Overview:* The major system assigns consonants to digits (e.g., 2=N, 1=T/D). * *0:04 Giarno Bruno and Historical Context:* Mentions figures like Bruno and "De umbris idearum" for adding depth to memory techniques. * *0:06 Bestiary Connection:* Refers to Mary Carruthers' book, "Memory Craft," and the concept of a Bestiary for images. * *0:06 How to Create Your PAO:* Commit to doing it, then writing the major, and then work out your possible images there. * *0:09 Mandarin Example:* Using the PAO system and locations to memorize the Tones from Madarin. * *0:10 Latin Example:* Using the PAO system and locations to memorize Latin. * *0:10 Connection to Aristotle's Nuclear Alphabet:* Recommends watching another video for more details on building PAOs. * *0:11 Example of Practical Application (0:11):* Demonstrates using the PAO system to remember the number 22 and connecting it to a statue and an image of Mr. Bean dressed as a nun. * *0:12 The key to success:* Commitment to the major system, and constant re-evaluation. * *1:00:* Recommends watching another video on Aristotle's Nuclear Alphabet I used gemini-2.0-flash-exp| input-price: 0.1 output-price: 0.4 max-context-length: 128_000 on rocketrecap dot com to summarize the transcript. Cost (if I didn't use the free tier): $0.50 Input tokens: 13739 Output tokens: 491
PAO (Person-Action-Object) System for Memorization
Below, I will provide input for an example video (comprising of title, description, and transcript, in this order) and the corresponding summary I expect. Afterward, I will provide a new transcript that I want you to summarize in the same format. **Please summarize the transcript in a self-contained bullet list format.** Include starting timestamps, important details and key takeaways. Example Input: Fluidigm Polaris Part 2- illuminator and camera mikeselectricstuff 131K subscribers Subscribed 369 Share Download Clip Save 5,857 views Aug 26, 2024 Fluidigm Polaris part 1 : • Fluidigm Polaris (Part 1) - Biotech g... Ebay listings: https://www.ebay.co.uk/usr/mikeselect... Merch https://mikeselectricstuff.creator-sp... Transcript Follow along using the transcript. Show transcript mikeselectricstuff 131K subscribers Videos About Support on Patreon 40 Comments @robertwatsonbath 6 hours ago Thanks Mike. Ooof! - with the level of bodgery going on around 15:48 I think shame would have made me do a board re spin, out of my own pocket if I had to. 1 Reply @Muonium1 9 hours ago The green LED looks different from the others and uses phosphor conversion because of the "green gap" problem where green InGaN emitters suffer efficiency droop at high currents. Phosphide based emitters don't start becoming efficient until around 600nm so also can't be used for high power green emitters. See the paper and plot by Matthias Auf der Maur in his 2015 paper on alloy fluctuations in InGaN as the cause of reduced external quantum efficiency at longer (green) wavelengths. 4 Reply 1 reply @tafsirnahian669 10 hours ago (edited) Can this be used as an astrophotography camera? Reply mikeselectricstuff · 1 reply @mikeselectricstuff 6 hours ago Yes, but may need a shutter to avoid light during readout Reply @2010craggy 11 hours ago Narrowband filters we use in Astronomy (Astrophotography) are sided- they work best passing light in one direction so I guess the arrows on the filter frames indicate which way round to install them in the filter wheel. 1 Reply @vitukz 12 hours ago A mate with Channel @extractions&ire could use it 2 Reply @RobertGallop 19 hours ago That LED module says it can go up to 28 amps!!! 21 amps for 100%. You should see what it does at 20 amps! Reply @Prophes0r 19 hours ago I had an "Oh SHIT!" moment when I realized that the weird trapezoidal shape of that light guide was for keystone correction of the light source. Very clever. 6 Reply @OneBiOzZ 20 hours ago given the cost of the CCD you think they could have run another PCB for it 9 Reply @tekvax01 21 hours ago $20 thousand dollars per minute of run time! 1 Reply @tekvax01 22 hours ago "We spared no expense!" John Hammond Jurassic Park. *(that's why this thing costs the same as a 50-seat Greyhound Bus coach!) Reply @florianf4257 22 hours ago The smearing on the image could be due to the fact that you don't use a shutter, so you see brighter stripes under bright areas of the image as you still iluminate these pixels while the sensor data ist shifted out towards the top. I experienced this effect back at university with a LN-Cooled CCD for Spectroscopy. The stripes disapeared as soon as you used the shutter instead of disabling it in the open position (but fokussing at 100ms integration time and continuous readout with a focal plane shutter isn't much fun). 12 Reply mikeselectricstuff · 1 reply @mikeselectricstuff 12 hours ago I didn't think of that, but makes sense 2 Reply @douro20 22 hours ago (edited) The red LED reminds me of one from Roithner Lasertechnik. I have a Symbol 2D scanner which uses two very bright LEDs from that company, one red and one red-orange. The red-orange is behind a lens which focuses it into an extremely narrow beam. 1 Reply @RicoElectrico 23 hours ago PFG is Pulse Flush Gate according to the datasheet. Reply @dcallan812 23 hours ago Very interesting. 2x Reply @littleboot_ 1 day ago Cool interesting device Reply @dav1dbone 1 day ago I've stripped large projectors, looks similar, wonder if some of those castings are a magnesium alloy? Reply @kevywevvy8833 1 day ago ironic that some of those Phlatlight modules are used in some of the cheapest disco lights. 1 Reply 1 reply @bill6255 1 day ago Great vid - gets right into subject in title, its packed with information, wraps up quickly. Should get a YT award! imho 3 Reply @JAKOB1977 1 day ago (edited) The whole sensor module incl. a 5 grand 50mpix sensor for 49 £.. highest bid atm Though also a limited CCD sensor, but for the right buyer its a steal at these relative low sums. Architecture Full Frame CCD (Square Pixels) Total Number of Pixels 8304 (H) × 6220 (V) = 51.6 Mp Number of Effective Pixels 8208 (H) × 6164 (V) = 50.5 Mp Number of Active Pixels 8176 (H) × 6132 (V) = 50.1 Mp Pixel Size 6.0 m (H) × 6.0 m (V) Active Image Size 49.1 mm (H) × 36.8 mm (V) 61.3 mm (Diagonal), 645 1.1x Optical Format Aspect Ratio 4:3 Horizontal Outputs 4 Saturation Signal 40.3 ke− Output Sensitivity 31 V/e− Quantum Efficiency KAF−50100−CAA KAF−50100−AAA KAF−50100−ABA (with Lens) 22%, 22%, 16% (Peak R, G, B) 25% 62% Read Noise (f = 18 MHz) 12.5 e− Dark Signal (T = 60°C) 42 pA/cm2 Dark Current Doubling Temperature 5.7°C Dynamic Range (f = 18 MHz) 70.2 dB Estimated Linear Dynamic Range (f = 18 MHz) 69.3 dB Charge Transfer Efficiency Horizontal Vertical 0.999995 0.999999 Blooming Protection (4 ms Exposure Time) 800X Saturation Exposure Maximum Date Rate 18 MHz Package Ceramic PGA Cover Glass MAR Coated, 2 Sides or Clear Glass Features • TRUESENSE Transparent Gate Electrode for High Sensitivity • Ultra-High Resolution • Board Dynamic Range • Low Noise Architecture • Large Active Imaging Area Applications • Digitization • Mapping/Aerial • Photography • Scientific Thx for the tear down Mike, always a joy Reply @martinalooksatthings 1 day ago 15:49 that is some great bodging on of caps, they really didn't want to respin that PCB huh 8 Reply @RhythmGamer 1 day ago Was depressed today and then a new mike video dropped and now I’m genuinely happy to get my tear down fix 1 Reply @dine9093 1 day ago (edited) Did you transfrom into Mr Blobby for a moment there? 2 Reply @NickNorton 1 day ago Thanks Mike. Your videos are always interesting. 5 Reply @KeritechElectronics 1 day ago Heavy optics indeed... Spare no expense, cost no object. Splendid build quality. The CCD is a thing of beauty! 1 Reply @YSoreil 1 day ago The pricing on that sensor is about right, I looked in to these many years ago when they were still in production since it's the only large sensor you could actually buy. Really cool to see one in the wild. 2 Reply @snik2pl 1 day ago That leds look like from led projector Reply @vincei4252 1 day ago TDI = Time Domain Integration ? 1 Reply @wolpumba4099 1 day ago (edited) Maybe the camera should not be illuminated during readout. From the datasheet of the sensor (Onsemi): saturation 40300 electrons, read noise 12.5 electrons per pixel @ 18MHz (quite bad). quantum efficiency 62% (if it has micro lenses), frame rate 1 Hz. lateral overflow drain to prevent blooming protects against 800x (factor increases linearly with exposure time) saturation exposure (32e6 electrons per pixel at 4ms exposure time), microlens has +/- 20 degree acceptance angle i guess it would be good for astrophotography 4 Reply @txm100 1 day ago (edited) Babe wake up a new mikeselectricstuff has dropped! 9 Reply @vincei4252 1 day ago That looks like a finger-lakes filter wheel, however, for astronomy they'd never use such a large stepper. 1 Reply @MRooodddvvv 1 day ago yaaaaay ! more overcomplicated optical stuff ! 4 Reply 1 reply @NoPegs 1 day ago He lives! 11 Reply 1 reply Transcript 0:00 so I've stripped all the bits of the 0:01 optical system so basically we've got 0:03 the uh the camera 0:05 itself which is mounted on this uh very 0:09 complex 0:10 adjustment thing which obviously to set 0:13 you the various tilt and uh alignment 0:15 stuff then there's two of these massive 0:18 lenses I've taken one of these apart I 0:20 think there's something like about eight 0:22 or nine Optical elements in here these 0:25 don't seem to do a great deal in terms 0:26 of electr magnification they're obiously 0:28 just about getting the image to where it 0:29 uh where it needs to be just so that 0:33 goes like that then this Optical block I 0:36 originally thought this was made of some 0:37 s crazy heavy material but it's just 0:39 really the sum of all these Optical bits 0:41 are just ridiculously heavy those lenses 0:43 are about 4 kilos each and then there's 0:45 this very heavy very solid um piece that 0:47 goes in the middle and this is so this 0:49 is the filter wheel assembly with a 0:51 hilariously oversized steper 0:53 motor driving this wheel with these very 0:57 large narrow band filters so we've got 1:00 various different shades of uh 1:03 filters there five Al together that 1:06 one's actually just showing up a silver 1:07 that's actually a a red but fairly low 1:10 transmission orangey red blue green 1:15 there's an excess cover on this side so 1:16 the filters can be accessed and changed 1:19 without taking anything else apart even 1:21 this is like ridiculous it's like solid 1:23 aluminium this is just basically a cover 1:25 the actual wavelengths of these are um 1:27 488 525 570 630 and 700 NM not sure what 1:32 the suffix on that perhaps that's the uh 1:34 the width of the spectral line say these 1:37 are very narrow band filters most of 1:39 them are you very little light through 1:41 so it's still very tight narrow band to 1:43 match the um fluoresence of the dies 1:45 they're using in the biochemical process 1:48 and obviously to reject the light that's 1:49 being fired at it from that Illuminator 1:51 box and then there's a there's a second 1:53 one of these lenses then the actual sort 1:55 of samples below that so uh very serious 1:58 amount of very uh chunky heavy Optics 2:01 okay let's take a look at this light 2:02 source made by company Lumen Dynamics 2:04 who are now part of 2:06 excelitas self-contained unit power 2:08 connector USB and this which one of the 2:11 Cable Bundle said was a TTL interface 2:14 USB wasn't used in uh the fluid 2:17 application output here and I think this 2:19 is an input for um light feedback I 2:21 don't if it's regulated or just a measur 2:23 measurement facility and the uh fiber 2:27 assembly 2:29 Square Inlet there and then there's two 2:32 outputs which have uh lens assemblies 2:35 and this small one which goes back into 2:37 that small Port just Loops out of here 2:40 straight back in So on this side we've 2:42 got the electronics which look pretty 2:44 straightforward we've got a bit of power 2:45 supply stuff over here and we've got 2:48 separate drivers for each wavelength now 2:50 interesting this is clearly been very 2:52 specifically made for this application 2:54 you I was half expecting like say some 2:56 generic drivers that could be used for a 2:58 number of different things but actually 3:00 literally specified the exact wavelength 3:02 on the PCB there is provision here for 3:04 385 NM which isn't populated but this is 3:07 clearly been designed very specifically 3:09 so these four drivers look the same but 3:10 then there's two higher power ones for 3:12 575 and 3:14 520 a slightly bigger heat sink on this 3:16 575 section there a p 24 which is 3:20 providing USB interface USB isolator the 3:23 USB interface just presents as a comport 3:26 I did have a quick look but I didn't 3:27 actually get anything sensible um I did 3:29 dump the Pi code out and there's a few 3:31 you a few sort of commands that you 3:32 could see in text but I didn't actually 3:34 manage to get it working properly I 3:36 found some software for related version 3:38 but it didn't seem to want to talk to it 3:39 but um I say that wasn't used for the 3:41 original application it might be quite 3:42 interesting to get try and get the Run 3:44 hours count out of it and the TTL 3:46 interface looks fairly straightforward 3:48 we've got positions for six opto 3:50 isolators but only five five are 3:52 installed so that corresponds with the 3:54 unused thing so I think this hopefully 3:56 should be as simple as just providing a 3:57 ttrl signal for each color to uh enable 4:00 it a big heat sink here which is there I 4:03 think there's like a big S of metal 4:04 plate through the middle of this that 4:05 all the leads are mounted on the other 4:07 side so this is heat sinking it with a 4:09 air flow from a uh just a fan in here 4:13 obviously don't have the air flow 4:14 anywhere near the Optics so conduction 4:17 cool through to this plate that's then 4:18 uh air cooled got some pots which are 4:21 presumably power 4:22 adjustments okay let's take a look at 4:24 the other side which is uh much more 4:27 interesting see we've got some uh very 4:31 uh neatly Twisted cable assemblies there 4:35 a bunch of leads so we've got one here 4:37 475 up here 430 NM 630 575 and 520 4:44 filters and dcro mirrors a quick way to 4:48 see what's white is if we just shine 4:49 some white light through 4:51 here not sure how it is is to see on the 4:54 camera but shining white light we do 4:55 actually get a bit of red a bit of blue 4:57 some yellow here so the obstacle path 5:00 575 it goes sort of here bounces off 5:03 this mirror and goes out the 520 goes 5:07 sort of down here across here and up 5:09 there 630 goes basically straight 5:13 through 5:15 430 goes across there down there along 5:17 there and the 475 goes down here and 5:20 left this is the light sensing thing 5:22 think here there's just a um I think 5:24 there a photo diode or other sensor 5:26 haven't actually taken that off and 5:28 everything's fixed down to this chunk of 5:31 aluminium which acts as the heat 5:32 spreader that then conducts the heat to 5:33 the back side for the heat 5:35 sink and the actual lead packages all 5:38 look fairly similar except for this one 5:41 on the 575 which looks quite a bit more 5:44 substantial big spay 5:46 Terminals and the interface for this 5:48 turned out to be extremely simple it's 5:50 literally a 5V TTL level to enable each 5:54 color doesn't seem to be any tensity 5:56 control but there are some additional 5:58 pins on that connector that weren't used 5:59 in the through time thing so maybe 6:01 there's some extra lines that control 6:02 that I couldn't find any data on this uh 6:05 unit and the um their current product 6:07 range is quite significantly different 6:09 so we've got the uh blue these 6:13 might may well be saturating the camera 6:16 so they might look a bit weird so that's 6:17 the 430 6:18 blue the 575 6:24 yellow uh 6:26 475 light blue 6:29 the uh 520 6:31 green and the uh 630 red now one 6:36 interesting thing I noticed for the 6:39 575 it's actually it's actually using a 6:42 white lead and then filtering it rather 6:44 than using all the other ones are using 6:46 leads which are the fundamental colors 6:47 but uh this is actually doing white and 6:50 it's a combination of this filter and 6:52 the dichroic mirrors that are turning to 6:55 Yellow if we take the filter out and a 6:57 lot of the a lot of the um blue content 7:00 is going this way the red is going 7:02 straight through these two mirrors so 7:05 this is clearly not reflecting much of 7:08 that so we end up with the yellow coming 7:10 out of uh out of there which is a fairly 7:14 light yellow color which you don't 7:16 really see from high intensity leads so 7:19 that's clearly why they've used the 7:20 white to uh do this power consumption of 7:23 the white is pretty high so going up to 7:25 about 2 and 1 half amps on that color 7:27 whereas most of the other colors are 7:28 only drawing half an amp or so at 24 7:30 volts the uh the green is up to about 7:32 1.2 but say this thing is uh much 7:35 brighter and if you actually run all the 7:38 colors at the same time you get a fairly 7:41 reasonable um looking white coming out 7:43 of it and one thing you might just be 7:45 out to notice is there is some sort 7:46 color banding around here that's not 7:49 getting uh everything s completely 7:51 concentric and I think that's where this 7:53 fiber optic thing comes 7:58 in I'll 8:00 get a couple of Fairly accurately shaped 8:04 very sort of uniform color and looking 8:06 at What's um inside here we've basically 8:09 just got this Square Rod so this is 8:12 clearly yeah the lights just bouncing 8:13 off all the all the various sides to um 8:16 get a nice uniform illumination uh this 8:19 back bit looks like it's all potted so 8:21 nothing I really do to get in there I 8:24 think this is fiber so I have come 8:26 across um cables like this which are 8:27 liquid fill but just looking through the 8:30 end of this it's probably a bit hard to 8:31 see it does look like there fiber ends 8:34 going going on there and so there's this 8:36 feedback thing which is just obviously 8:39 compensating for the any light losses 8:41 through here to get an accurate 8:43 representation of uh the light that's 8:45 been launched out of these two 8:47 fibers and you see uh 8:49 these have got this sort of trapezium 8:54 shape light guides again it's like a 8:56 sort of acrylic or glass light guide 9:00 guess projected just to make the right 9:03 rectangular 9:04 shape and look at this Center assembly 9:07 um the light output doesn't uh change 9:10 whether you feed this in or not so it's 9:11 clear not doing any internal Clos Loop 9:14 control obviously there may well be some 9:16 facility for it to do that but it's not 9:17 being used in this 9:19 application and so this output just 9:21 produces a voltage on the uh outle 9:24 connector proportional to the amount of 9:26 light that's present so there's a little 9:28 diffuser in the back there 9:30 and then there's just some kind of uh 9:33 Optical sensor looks like a 9:35 chip looking at the lead it's a very 9:37 small package on the PCB with this lens 9:40 assembly over the top and these look 9:43 like they're actually on a copper 9:44 Metalized PCB for maximum thermal 9:47 performance and yeah it's a very small 9:49 package looks like it's a ceramic 9:51 package and there's a thermister there 9:53 for temperature monitoring this is the 9:56 475 blue one this is the 520 need to 9:59 Green which is uh rather different OB 10:02 it's a much bigger D with lots of bond 10:04 wise but also this looks like it's using 10:05 a phosphor if I shine a blue light at it 10:08 lights up green so this is actually a 10:10 phosphor conversion green lead which 10:12 I've I've come across before they want 10:15 that specific wavelength so they may be 10:17 easier to tune a phosphor than tune the 10:20 um semiconductor material to get the uh 10:23 right right wavelength from the lead 10:24 directly uh red 630 similar size to the 10:28 blue one or does seem to have a uh a 10:31 lens on top of it there is a sort of red 10:33 coloring to 10:35 the die but that doesn't appear to be 10:38 fluorescent as far as I can 10:39 tell and the white one again a little 10:41 bit different sort of much higher 10:43 current 10:46 connectors a makeer name on that 10:48 connector flot light not sure if that's 10:52 the connector or the lead 10:54 itself and obviously with the phosphor 10:56 and I'd imagine that phosphor may well 10:58 be tuned to get the maximum to the uh 5 11:01 cenm and actually this white one looks 11:04 like a St fairly standard product I just 11:06 found it in Mouse made by luminous 11:09 devices in fact actually I think all 11:11 these are based on various luminous 11:13 devices modules and they're you take 11:17 looks like they taking the nearest 11:18 wavelength and then just using these 11:19 filters to clean it up to get a precise 11:22 uh spectral line out of it so quite a 11:25 nice neat and um extreme 11:30 bright light source uh sure I've got any 11:33 particular use for it so I think this 11:35 might end up on 11:36 eBay but uh very pretty to look out and 11:40 without the uh risk of burning your eyes 11:43 out like you do with lasers so I thought 11:45 it would be interesting to try and 11:46 figure out the runtime of this things 11:48 like this we usually keep some sort 11:49 record of runtime cuz leads degrade over 11:51 time I couldn't get any software to work 11:52 through the USB face but then had a 11:54 thought probably going to be writing the 11:55 runtime periodically to the e s prom so 11:58 I just just scope up that and noticed it 12:00 was doing right every 5 minutes so I 12:02 just ran it for a while periodically 12:04 reading the E squ I just held the pick 12:05 in in reset and um put clip over to read 12:07 the square prom and found it was writing 12:10 one location per color every 5 minutes 12:12 so if one color was on it would write 12:14 that location every 5 minutes and just 12:16 increment it by one so after doing a few 12:18 tests with different colors of different 12:19 time periods it looked extremely 12:21 straightforward it's like a four bite 12:22 count for each color looking at the 12:24 original data that was in it all the 12:26 colors apart from Green were reading 12:28 zero and the green was reading four 12:30 indicating a total 20 minutes run time 12:32 ever if it was turned on run for a short 12:34 time then turned off that might not have 12:36 been counted but even so indicates this 12:37 thing wasn't used a great deal the whole 12:40 s process of doing a run can be several 12:42 hours but it'll only be doing probably 12:43 the Imaging at the end of that so you 12:46 wouldn't expect to be running for a long 12:47 time but say a single color for 20 12:50 minutes over its whole lifetime does 12:52 seem a little bit on the low side okay 12:55 let's look at the camera un fortunately 12:57 I managed to not record any sound when I 12:58 did this it's also a couple of months 13:00 ago so there's going to be a few details 13:02 that I've forgotten so I'm just going to 13:04 dub this over the original footage so um 13:07 take the lid off see this massive great 13:10 heat sink so this is a pel cool camera 13:12 we've got this blower fan producing a 13:14 fair amount of air flow through 13:16 it the connector here there's the ccds 13:19 mounted on the board on the 13:24 right this unplugs so we've got a bit of 13:27 power supply stuff on here 13:29 USB interface I think that's the Cyprus 13:32 microcontroller High speeded USB 13:34 interface there's a zyink spon fpga some 13:40 RAM and there's a couple of ATD 13:42 converters can't quite read what those 13:45 those are but anal 13:47 devices um little bit of bodgery around 13:51 here extra decoupling obviously they 13:53 have having some noise issues this is 13:55 around the ram chip quite a lot of extra 13:57 capacitors been added there 13:59 uh there's a couple of amplifiers prior 14:01 to the HD converter buffers or Andor 14:05 amplifiers taking the CCD 14:08 signal um bit more power spy stuff here 14:11 this is probably all to do with 14:12 generating the various CCD bias voltages 14:14 they uh need quite a lot of exotic 14:18 voltages next board down is just a 14:20 shield and an interconnect 14:24 boardly shielding the power supply stuff 14:26 from some the more sensitive an log 14:28 stuff 14:31 and this is the bottom board which is 14:32 just all power supply 14:34 stuff as you can see tons of capacitors 14:37 or Transformer in 14:42 there and this is the CCD which is a uh 14:47 very impressive thing this is a kf50 100 14:50 originally by true sense then codec 14:53 there ON 14:54 Semiconductor it's 50 megapixels uh the 14:58 only price I could find was this one 15:00 5,000 bucks and the architecture you can 15:03 see there actually two separate halves 15:04 which explains the Dual AZ converters 15:06 and two amplifiers it's literally split 15:08 down the middle and duplicated so it's 15:10 outputting two streams in parallel just 15:13 to keep the bandwidth sensible and it's 15:15 got this amazing um diffraction effects 15:18 it's got micro lenses over the pixel so 15:20 there's there's a bit more Optics going 15:22 on than on a normal 15:25 sensor few more bodges on the CCD board 15:28 including this wire which isn't really 15:29 tacked down very well which is a bit uh 15:32 bit of a mess quite a few bits around 15:34 this board where they've uh tacked 15:36 various bits on which is not super 15:38 impressive looks like CCD drivers on the 15:40 left with those 3 ohm um damping 15:43 resistors on the 15:47 output get a few more little bodges 15:50 around here some of 15:52 the and there's this separator the 15:54 silica gel to keep the moisture down but 15:56 there's this separator that actually 15:58 appears to be cut from piece of 15:59 antistatic 16:04 bag and this sort of thermal block on 16:06 top of this stack of three pel Cola 16:12 modules so as with any Stacks they get 16:16 um larger as they go back towards the 16:18 heat sink because each P's got to not 16:20 only take the heat from the previous but 16:21 also the waste heat which is quite 16:27 significant you see a little temperature 16:29 sensor here that copper block which 16:32 makes contact with the back of the 16:37 CCD and this's the back of the 16:40 pelas this then contacts the heat sink 16:44 on the uh rear there a few thermal pads 16:46 as well for some of the other power 16:47 components on this 16:51 PCB okay I've connected this uh camera 16:54 up I found some drivers on the disc that 16:56 seem to work under Windows 7 couldn't 16:58 get to install under Windows 11 though 17:01 um in the absence of any sort of lens or 17:03 being bothered to the proper amount I've 17:04 just put some f over it and put a little 17:06 pin in there to make a pinhole lens and 17:08 software gives a few options I'm not 17:11 entirely sure what all these are there's 17:12 obviously a clock frequency 22 MHz low 17:15 gain and with PFG no idea what that is 17:19 something something game programmable 17:20 Something game perhaps ver exposure 17:23 types I think focus is just like a 17:25 continuous grab until you tell it to 17:27 stop not entirely sure all these options 17:30 are obviously exposure time uh triggers 17:33 there ex external hardware trigger inut 17:35 you just trigger using a um thing on 17:37 screen so the resolution is 8176 by 17:40 6132 and you can actually bin those 17:42 where you combine multiple pixels to get 17:46 increased gain at the expense of lower 17:48 resolution down this is a 10sec exposure 17:51 obviously of the pin hole it's very uh 17:53 intensitive so we just stand still now 17:56 downloading it there's the uh exposure 17:59 so when it's 18:01 um there's a little status thing down 18:03 here so that tells you the um exposure 18:07 [Applause] 18:09 time it's this is just it 18:15 downloading um it is quite I'm seeing 18:18 quite a lot like smearing I think that I 18:20 don't know whether that's just due to 18:21 pixels overloading or something else I 18:24 mean yeah it's not it's not um out of 18:26 the question that there's something not 18:27 totally right about this camera 18:28 certainly was bodge wise on there um I 18:31 don't I'd imagine a camera like this 18:32 it's got a fairly narrow range of 18:34 intensities that it's happy with I'm not 18:36 going to spend a great deal of time on 18:38 this if you're interested in this camera 18:40 maybe for astronomy or something and 18:42 happy to sort of take the risk of it may 18:44 not be uh perfect I'll um I think I'll 18:47 stick this on eBay along with the 18:48 Illuminator I'll put a link down in the 18:50 description to the listing take your 18:52 chances to grab a bargain so for example 18:54 here we see this vertical streaking so 18:56 I'm not sure how normal that is this is 18:58 on fairly bright scene looking out the 19:02 window if I cut the exposure time down 19:04 on that it's now 1 second 19:07 exposure again most of the image 19:09 disappears again this is looks like it's 19:11 possibly over still overloading here go 19:14 that go down to say say quarter a 19:16 second so again I think there might be 19:19 some Auto gain control going on here um 19:21 this is with the PFG option let's try 19:23 turning that off and see what 19:25 happens so I'm not sure this is actually 19:27 more streaking or which just it's 19:29 cranked up the gain all the dis display 19:31 gray scale to show what um you know the 19:33 range of things that it's captured 19:36 there's one of one of 12 things in the 19:38 software there's um you can see of you 19:40 can't seem to read out the temperature 19:42 of the pelta cooler but you can set the 19:44 temperature and if you said it's a 19:46 different temperature you see the power 19:48 consumption jump up running the cooler 19:50 to get the temperature you requested but 19:52 I can't see anything anywhere that tells 19:54 you whether the cool is at the at the 19:56 temperature other than the power 19:57 consumption going down and there's no 19:59 temperature read out 20:03 here and just some yeah this is just 20:05 sort of very basic software I'm sure 20:07 there's like an API for more 20:09 sophisticated 20:10 applications but so if you know anything 20:12 more about these cameras please um stick 20:14 in the 20:15 comments um incidentally when I was 20:18 editing I didn't notice there was a bent 20:19 pin on the um CCD but I did fix that 20:22 before doing these tests and also 20:24 reactivated the um silica gel desicant 20:26 cuz I noticed it was uh I was getting 20:28 bit of condensation on the window but um 20:31 yeah so a couple of uh interesting but 20:34 maybe not particularly uh useful pieces 20:37 of Kit except for someone that's got a 20:38 very specific use so um I'll stick a 20:42 I'll stick these on eBay put a link in 20:44 the description and say hopefully 20:45 someone could actually make some uh good 20:47 use of these things Example Output: **Exploring the Fluidigm Polaris: A Detailed Look at its High-End Optics and Camera System** * **0:00 High-End Optics:** The system utilizes heavy, high-quality lenses and mirrors for precise imaging, weighing around 4 kilos each. * **0:49 Narrow Band Filters:** A filter wheel with five narrow band filters (488, 525, 570, 630, and 700 nm) ensures accurate fluorescence detection and rejection of excitation light. * **2:01 Customizable Illumination:** The Lumen Dynamics light source offers five individually controllable LED wavelengths (430, 475, 520, 575, 630 nm) with varying power outputs. The 575nm yellow LED is uniquely achieved using a white LED with filtering. * **3:45 TTL Control:** The light source is controlled via a simple TTL interface, enabling easy on/off switching for each LED color. * **12:55 Sophisticated Camera:** The system includes a 50-megapixel Kodak KAI-50100 CCD camera with a Peltier cooling system for reduced noise. * **14:54 High-Speed Data Transfer:** The camera features dual analog-to-digital converters to manage the high data throughput of the 50-megapixel sensor, which is effectively two 25-megapixel sensors operating in parallel. * **18:11 Possible Issues:** The video creator noted some potential issues with the camera, including image smearing. * **18:11 Limited Dynamic Range:** The camera's sensor has a limited dynamic range, making it potentially challenging to capture scenes with a wide range of brightness levels. * **11:45 Low Runtime:** Internal data suggests the system has seen minimal usage, with only 20 minutes of recorded runtime for the green LED. * **20:38 Availability on eBay:** Both the illuminator and camera are expected to be listed for sale on eBay. Here is the real transcript. Please summarize it: 00:00:00 the ne plus ultra for memorizing numbers Ooh, 00:00:06 time of making it easy, dumb-it-down? 00:00:11 Yes, I will, ne plus ultra. 00:00:14 for memorizing numbers. 00:00:19 It's actually a lot more powerful than that. 00:00:22 understand how to make a Magnetic PAO, or 00:00:29 why the PAO is there in the first place. 00:00:32 ways that you can take this person action 00:00:37 PAO, and how shall we put this? 00:00:43 system so that you're able to not only use 00:00:49 sentences, even the names of people. 00:00:56 PAO, in this video. 00:01:00 you are in the comments, get subscribed, if 00:01:05 you're new here, and let's get started. 00:01:06 Okay, so what is a PAO system? 00:01:09 time. 00:01:13 system. 00:01:18 down essentially into individual units that 00:01:24 can interact in memorable ways. 00:01:28 Take these numbers, for example, 21, 36, 90. 00:01:31 those numbers due to how the brain works, 00:01:37 but just for example. 00:01:39 divide the numbers into three sets of images, 00:01:45 pattern. 00:01:49 system, Jack Nicholson, for 21, throwing burning 00:01:55 matches for 36 at a bus for 90. 00:01:58 is throwing matches, the object is the bus. 00:02:03 after that, then it would start all over again. 00:02:09 next six, I would have a person, an action 00:02:14 and an object. 00:02:15 Then the next six, person, action and an object. 00:02:17 use in different ways, but I like to use the 00:02:24 major system. 00:02:25 the reasons why I prefer the major system 00:02:28 to it. 00:02:33 There's a great logic to it. 00:02:34 because the major system underlies this. 00:02:41 So how does that get to Jack Nicholson? 00:02:47 and he often played nut cases in movies. 00:02:53 So I have 21, one, two, and one for DRT. 00:02:57 In this case I chose T, you get 21. 00:03:01 specifically of the "Here's Johnny" scene 00:03:06 nuts, and he's going through the door with 00:03:10 an axe to get Wendy. 00:03:13 And it's just beautiful. 00:03:14 Now what about 36? 00:03:16 Well, that's a boxing match with Mike Tyson. 00:03:19 six is a shuh sound, or a sound like a soft 00:03:26 G or J and so match is what I get out of there. 00:03:30 particular formulation for these digits as 00:03:35 the object and every single one of these numbers 00:03:40 has a person and an action and an object. 00:03:43 you're just rotating between your selection. 00:03:48 So you might be saying, wait a second, not. 00:03:51 the object is the nut, it was because every 00:03:56 or an object. 00:04:01 you're just choosing it in that order. 00:04:07 for a very long time, but they're not necessarily 00:04:15 magnetic PAO that we'll get to. 00:04:21 afficianods here. 00:04:27 talk about. 00:04:29 where you want to remember a person action 00:04:34 object, it just is so much simpler. 00:04:38 it's the oldest available in evidence, circa 00:04:44 that. 00:04:48 detailed basis for transforming numbers into 00:04:55 words based on the words being based on consonants. 00:04:59 But what kinds of words? 00:05:00 Well, what kind of words are there? 00:05:02 so forth, but the most direct ones that are 00:05:09 actions, and objects. 00:05:14 out with great sophistication. 00:05:19 Bruno, and you see this in his book, De umbris 00:05:26 idearum, or on the shadows of the ideas. 00:05:29 chose to include Hebrew letters in his memory 00:05:36 him more possible sounds. 00:05:41 classified in the Gometria, not just as a 00:05:47 more images out of essentially new versions 00:05:54 of the same number. 00:05:55 one and the same thing with the Greek letters. 00:06:01 Anyway, it's really, really cool. 00:06:03 character sets, you could actually have a 00:06:07 Bestiary, which is what some of the medieval 00:06:14 images. 00:06:17 that back in her book, Memory Craft, the idea 00:06:22 of calling it the Bestiary. 00:06:24 matters. 00:06:27 so that it actually does work. 00:06:32 numbers into associations on the basis of 00:06:38 the number being linked to a consonant. 00:06:40 So I can rattle off the major very simply. 00:06:43 an N, 3 is an M, 4 is an R, 5 is a L, 6 is 00:06:49 a shah, jah, guh. 00:06:52 use hard G, I rarely do. 00:06:55 You could even use 7 as a Y. 00:06:57 an M upside down. 00:07:00 or P. 00:07:04 And it's just beautiful. 00:07:05 assignments and have them arranged with words. 00:07:12 like Peter Sutton, or it could be Gaad Saad, 00:07:24 an author. 00:07:26 like a bubble from soap, and then the action 00:07:33 could be being sad, something like that. 00:07:36 every 2-digit pair from 00-99. 00:07:41 things that you do. 00:07:43 Suess. 00:07:47 doesn't really matter. 00:07:51 figure out what your object's going to be, 00:07:55 you don't necessarily have to have all those 00:07:59 to have a Magnetic PAO, which is to try to 00:08:07 do. 00:08:13 CA system or a character action system. 00:08:20 have to think of your goal. 00:08:23 What is your goal? 00:08:25 What's going to work best? 00:08:27 Dominic System to work out who your figures 00:08:32 are going to be. 00:08:33 it's logical once you know the system. 00:08:37 think, well, what is the consonant pair? 00:08:42 that you used as the image, because the logic 00:08:48 only gives you so many words, right? 00:08:51 Ben system, and so forth. 00:08:55 of your own research and figure out going 00:08:59 to be best for you. 00:09:00 trap because at the end of the day you do 00:09:06 experimenting with multiple systems and the 00:09:10 that you use. 00:09:14 just for numbers. 00:09:19 that numbers are useful and that would be 00:09:23 like Mandarin. 00:09:28 so that's Tone 3and Tone 4. 00:09:35 in my case, I have a horse from the Piers 00:09:43 is an R, is added to that. 00:09:49 in the memory palace there, there's a place 00:09:56 that Zhǔnbèi 准备, or Zhǔn, it's just 00:10:03 Michael Bay is there, and that horse that 00:10:10 helps with instilling what the tones are supposed 00:10:15 to be. 00:10:16 tones. 00:10:22 in Latin, for example, Nihil minus est, Hominis 00:10:29 to be quam vivre. 00:10:34 at the same time, if we think, I can't remember 00:10:40 this word, whatever it is, Nihil, right? 00:10:44 of Neil Pert, the drummer from Rush, and he 00:10:51 can start to help me remember that word, right? 00:10:54 If I can't think of anything else for Neil. 00:10:56 In that case, I didn't use Neil Pert. 00:10:57 I used my friend Nick. 00:10:59 PAO built out properly and optimally, it's 00:11:05 is something I build out in even more detail 00:11:11 in my video Aristotle's Nuclear Alphabet. 00:11:13 So you may want to check that out. 00:11:15 PAO is to think about memory palace options. 00:11:26 So imagine this. 00:11:27 is 22. 00:11:32 a statue that is in front of that building. 00:11:37 on it. 00:11:40 because 2 is n and 2 is n, so 22 makes two 00:11:47 who played Mr. 00:11:50 Bean looks kind of funny. 00:11:52 a scene where he was dressed as a nun. 00:11:56 to go. 00:12:00 it if you don't have the 00-99 PAO 00:12:05 So how are you going to get started with this? 00:12:07 going to make it happen so that your success 00:12:11 is guaranteed. 00:12:13 out your commitment to doing it, then writing 00:12:17 don't know it already, learn the major, and 00:12:22 and then work out your possible images there. 00:12:28 for person action and object by all means 00:12:33 do it. 00:12:34 core word, I'm just thinking, hmm, what can 00:12:40 does the thing of fire? 00:12:45 Chuck Norris has a flamethrower. 00:12:50 he is doing the thing that the object is and 00:12:59 the action is and it's just there for me. 00:13:01 fire can extend across multiple images lighting 00:13:05 a bunch of them on fire. 00:13:07 to nothing, absolutely nothing, very, very 00:13:15 beautiful. 00:13:16 and I hope it helps empower you to understand 00:13:20 it. 00:13:24 set of words it's true, but I hope you've 00:13:29 in that sense that Aristotle talks about. 00:13:34 So thanks for your thumbs up. 00:13:35 Thanks for being subscribed. 00:13:36 these techniques can be and bi-directional, 00:13:42 to watch my video on Aristotle's Nuclear Alphabet
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*Mastering the Memory Palace Technique for Effective Studying* * *0:00 Waste of Time if Incorrect:* The Memory Palace technique is ineffective if not used correctly, often due to incomplete instruction. * *0:11 Ancient Origins:* The technique has ancient roots, with people carrying entire books in their minds. * *0:45 Maximize Results:* Subscribe and like to learn how to use the Memory Palace effectively for academic success. * *0:49 Lynn Kelly:* Good research has been done in Memory Code and Memory Craft. * *0:59 Teachers Throughout History:* Throughout history, the way to properly use Memory Palace has been the same. * *1:27 History:* When it comes to using Memory Palace technique for studying, the earliest place to look in history is Hugh of St. Victor. * *1:40 Using Memory Palace Correctly:* Benefit of using Memory Palace correctly is that it is a way of helping you place information in your long-term memory through a variety of active learning processes. * *2:57 Fluidity:* Makes it that you can minimize the amount of time that you have to spend on using the technique. * *3:59 What is the Memory Palace Technique:* Not just one technique, it's at least five techniques coming together as one seamless move. * *5:23 5 Techniques:* The Memory Palace system, alphabetical associations, numerical associations, symbol associations, and spaced repetition combine to maximize memory retention. * *6:43 Mental Imagery:* Does not have to be seen. This is one of the biggest keys to getting the Memory Palace to work flawlessly. * *7:10 5 Systems Importance:* The information enters your long-term memory and you can access it without having to think about the Memory Palace. * *8:00 Thousands of Student Drawings:* Students send in drawings of their memory palaces because they wish they learned this technique earlier. * *8:21 Critical:* Don't allow yourself to plan in the Memory Palace, you wind up building it as you go. * *8:30 Base on Remembrance:* Establish clear and distinctive locations in each Memory Palace. * *9:13 Reality* make it 100% based on memory so that you can not have to worry about visualizing it. * *10:01 Unnecessary:* Remove the unnecessary by having a true Memory Palace by maximizing the power of using distinctive locations exactly the way you remember them. * *10:44 Clear Journey:* You want a clear and concise journey where you start at a location and move in a linear fashion. * *11:35 Make Sure Info Matters:* Using it for the actual information that matters. * *11:54 Extract information onto cards:* Make a mental note and extract information onto cards; books typically have 10 chapters, 10 points in each chapter, and possibly 3 points depending on the book. * *12:55 Form Memories:* This process of weeding through notes will itself form memories. * *13:55 Rhomatic Effect:* Memorize those things that are the key points. * *15:31 Page Mini Memory Palace:* Use of pages as mini memory palaces. * *15:41 Number System:* Built out that you can watch in the POA system. * *16:04 The Book Becomes A Kind Of Memory Palace:* where each page is the equivalent of a wall. * *16:47 Example:* Page 71-79 is like a sermon. * *17:55 Mindset:* Book is not used if you are studying for an exam. * *18:39 Breathing Room:* You want the stations in your memory palaces to have some breathing room. * *19:36 Recall:* You're not going to have spatial room in which to do station skipping in recall rehearsal. * *20:07 Elaborative In Coding:* Memory scientists call this step elaborative in coding. * *20:35 Elaborating and Associating your Images:* Think about each station as needing to be what it is. * *20:58 Simple Example:* Use something already in memory. * *21:29 Construction of the Word:* Paying attention to the alphabetical construction of the word. * *22:43 Images are not about Images:* Logical sequence of stations throughout a space to link to highly multi-sensory images that are already in your memory. * *23:53 The Art Of Memory:* To use memory palaces that are based on memory to use images that are based on memory and to combine the two logically. * *24:20 Refine - the Cave Cogs Formula:* Instead of seeing Ant-Man as such, first get a kinesthetic feeling * *27:11 Train Yourself:* Get some wonderful index cards, write out the alphabet, and look at letters. * *30:00 Procedural Memory:* A superpower when you are using the Memory Palace for studying. * *30:30 Training:* You also train Cape Cogs by using anano dromia. * *31:36 Size:* Of Superman's muscles relative to ant-man's muscles. * *31:50 Practice:* Train in advance. * *33:32 Juggle Multiple Subjects:* Use the technique for a variety of subjects by making sure to have multiple memory palaces. * *33:52 Mental Dexterity:* Setup by having the memory palaces. * *33:55 Scarcity:* There's one for each letter of the alphabet and only scarcity-based thinking holds people back. * *34:45 Number System:* For memorizing dates. * *34:49 Popular System:* The major system. * *36:30 Make Your Systems In Advance:* Memory Palace, Alphabet, Number, and Symbol systems. * *36:30 Science and Formulas:* Make sure to never think of these as being difficult. * *37:29 Rehearsal is Core:* Recall Rehearsal is the core reason to use the Memory Palace Technique for studying in the first place. * *37:54 Strengthen:* To do it well, you will practice with a specific kind of retrieval that will strengthen your memory and Usher your target information into long-term memory. * *38:00 Equal Doses:* You want to apply equal doses of pracy effect and recency effect to each piece of information using the serial positioning effect. * *38:35 Revisit Information:* Revisit information by moving forward backward from the middle of the Memory Palace to the beginning and then from the middle to the end. * *38:38 Skip the Stations:* Each of these recall patterns will challenge you. * *39:11 Opportunity to think:* Thinking about what was wrong with my image in the Memory Palace. * *39:34 Extend a Memory Palace Should Never Be Needed:* Plus, you'll have a Memory Palace for every letter of the alphabet. * *40:21 Establish, Add, Compounds:* If you have memories established, you can add on details. * *41:15 The Beauty:* You will sometimes just remember it. * *41:48 Prevent These Issues:* The real key is to have as many memory palaces as possible to prevent these issues. * *42:20 There are Some Other Ways That You Can Play Around With This:* They really ultimately come down to Cave Cogs. * *42:27 Walls of Memory Palace:* Is just an additional amount of cognitive effort. * *42:51 Float:* Float the image in space and not have any special need for connection. * *43:35 Physical Space:* Lends itself to what I'm doing. * *44:00 Do You Have Connections:* This to the point of Ideal Nultra is to not have connections. * *44:09 How to Clean Out Memory Palace:* This really just seemed ultimately to me to be a waste of time relative to just having multiple memory palaces. * *44:45 Works for you:* Doing the art of memory. * *45:02 Individual Style:* Stick with it for at least 90 days, so your brain can formulate neuronal connections that will help you understand it. * *45:16 Foundation Before Adding:* Allowing that time to build a foundation. * *46:02 Ron White:* Used his method ever since. * *46:37 Ego Thing:* Not an ego thing. * *46:37 Neuroscientific Thing:* And it's well established in all kinds of science. * *47:39 Understand:* To allow yourself to absorb deeply is the principle in memory science of context-dependent memory. * *47:53 Hit that thumbs up:* Thanks for being here and liking. * *48:33YT:* Go to Magnetic Method-dot-com YT, I have four videos that take you deeper into creating well-formed memory palaces with student examples. * *48:43 Can’t Always Use This:* When you can, it's great to if you are going to have an exam you use that room or the surrounding campus as a Memory Palace because it's great for context. * *49:48 Boost of Recall:* The context will give you a boost of recall. * *50:02 Forest:* You will be able to cut down anything. I used gemini-2.0-flash-exp| input-price: 0.1 output-price: 0.4 max-context-length: 128_000 on rocketrecap dot com to summarize the transcript. Cost (if I didn't use the free tier): $0.50 Input tokens: 30888 Output tokens: 2157
Mastering the Memory Palace Technique for Effective Studying
Below, I will provide input for an example video (comprising of title, description, and transcript, in this order) and the corresponding summary I expect. Afterward, I will provide a new transcript that I want you to summarize in the same format. **Please summarize the transcript in a self-contained bullet list format.** Include starting timestamps, important details and key takeaways. Example Input: Fluidigm Polaris Part 2- illuminator and camera mikeselectricstuff 131K subscribers Subscribed 369 Share Download Clip Save 5,857 views Aug 26, 2024 Fluidigm Polaris part 1 : • Fluidigm Polaris (Part 1) - Biotech g... Ebay listings: https://www.ebay.co.uk/usr/mikeselect... Merch https://mikeselectricstuff.creator-sp... Transcript Follow along using the transcript. Show transcript mikeselectricstuff 131K subscribers Videos About Support on Patreon 40 Comments @robertwatsonbath 6 hours ago Thanks Mike. Ooof! - with the level of bodgery going on around 15:48 I think shame would have made me do a board re spin, out of my own pocket if I had to. 1 Reply @Muonium1 9 hours ago The green LED looks different from the others and uses phosphor conversion because of the "green gap" problem where green InGaN emitters suffer efficiency droop at high currents. Phosphide based emitters don't start becoming efficient until around 600nm so also can't be used for high power green emitters. See the paper and plot by Matthias Auf der Maur in his 2015 paper on alloy fluctuations in InGaN as the cause of reduced external quantum efficiency at longer (green) wavelengths. 4 Reply 1 reply @tafsirnahian669 10 hours ago (edited) Can this be used as an astrophotography camera? Reply mikeselectricstuff · 1 reply @mikeselectricstuff 6 hours ago Yes, but may need a shutter to avoid light during readout Reply @2010craggy 11 hours ago Narrowband filters we use in Astronomy (Astrophotography) are sided- they work best passing light in one direction so I guess the arrows on the filter frames indicate which way round to install them in the filter wheel. 1 Reply @vitukz 12 hours ago A mate with Channel @extractions&ire could use it 2 Reply @RobertGallop 19 hours ago That LED module says it can go up to 28 amps!!! 21 amps for 100%. You should see what it does at 20 amps! Reply @Prophes0r 19 hours ago I had an "Oh SHIT!" moment when I realized that the weird trapezoidal shape of that light guide was for keystone correction of the light source. Very clever. 6 Reply @OneBiOzZ 20 hours ago given the cost of the CCD you think they could have run another PCB for it 9 Reply @tekvax01 21 hours ago $20 thousand dollars per minute of run time! 1 Reply @tekvax01 22 hours ago "We spared no expense!" John Hammond Jurassic Park. *(that's why this thing costs the same as a 50-seat Greyhound Bus coach!) Reply @florianf4257 22 hours ago The smearing on the image could be due to the fact that you don't use a shutter, so you see brighter stripes under bright areas of the image as you still iluminate these pixels while the sensor data ist shifted out towards the top. I experienced this effect back at university with a LN-Cooled CCD for Spectroscopy. The stripes disapeared as soon as you used the shutter instead of disabling it in the open position (but fokussing at 100ms integration time and continuous readout with a focal plane shutter isn't much fun). 12 Reply mikeselectricstuff · 1 reply @mikeselectricstuff 12 hours ago I didn't think of that, but makes sense 2 Reply @douro20 22 hours ago (edited) The red LED reminds me of one from Roithner Lasertechnik. I have a Symbol 2D scanner which uses two very bright LEDs from that company, one red and one red-orange. The red-orange is behind a lens which focuses it into an extremely narrow beam. 1 Reply @RicoElectrico 23 hours ago PFG is Pulse Flush Gate according to the datasheet. Reply @dcallan812 23 hours ago Very interesting. 2x Reply @littleboot_ 1 day ago Cool interesting device Reply @dav1dbone 1 day ago I've stripped large projectors, looks similar, wonder if some of those castings are a magnesium alloy? Reply @kevywevvy8833 1 day ago ironic that some of those Phlatlight modules are used in some of the cheapest disco lights. 1 Reply 1 reply @bill6255 1 day ago Great vid - gets right into subject in title, its packed with information, wraps up quickly. Should get a YT award! imho 3 Reply @JAKOB1977 1 day ago (edited) The whole sensor module incl. a 5 grand 50mpix sensor for 49 £.. highest bid atm Though also a limited CCD sensor, but for the right buyer its a steal at these relative low sums. Architecture Full Frame CCD (Square Pixels) Total Number of Pixels 8304 (H) × 6220 (V) = 51.6 Mp Number of Effective Pixels 8208 (H) × 6164 (V) = 50.5 Mp Number of Active Pixels 8176 (H) × 6132 (V) = 50.1 Mp Pixel Size 6.0 m (H) × 6.0 m (V) Active Image Size 49.1 mm (H) × 36.8 mm (V) 61.3 mm (Diagonal), 645 1.1x Optical Format Aspect Ratio 4:3 Horizontal Outputs 4 Saturation Signal 40.3 ke− Output Sensitivity 31 V/e− Quantum Efficiency KAF−50100−CAA KAF−50100−AAA KAF−50100−ABA (with Lens) 22%, 22%, 16% (Peak R, G, B) 25% 62% Read Noise (f = 18 MHz) 12.5 e− Dark Signal (T = 60°C) 42 pA/cm2 Dark Current Doubling Temperature 5.7°C Dynamic Range (f = 18 MHz) 70.2 dB Estimated Linear Dynamic Range (f = 18 MHz) 69.3 dB Charge Transfer Efficiency Horizontal Vertical 0.999995 0.999999 Blooming Protection (4 ms Exposure Time) 800X Saturation Exposure Maximum Date Rate 18 MHz Package Ceramic PGA Cover Glass MAR Coated, 2 Sides or Clear Glass Features • TRUESENSE Transparent Gate Electrode for High Sensitivity • Ultra-High Resolution • Board Dynamic Range • Low Noise Architecture • Large Active Imaging Area Applications • Digitization • Mapping/Aerial • Photography • Scientific Thx for the tear down Mike, always a joy Reply @martinalooksatthings 1 day ago 15:49 that is some great bodging on of caps, they really didn't want to respin that PCB huh 8 Reply @RhythmGamer 1 day ago Was depressed today and then a new mike video dropped and now I’m genuinely happy to get my tear down fix 1 Reply @dine9093 1 day ago (edited) Did you transfrom into Mr Blobby for a moment there? 2 Reply @NickNorton 1 day ago Thanks Mike. Your videos are always interesting. 5 Reply @KeritechElectronics 1 day ago Heavy optics indeed... Spare no expense, cost no object. Splendid build quality. The CCD is a thing of beauty! 1 Reply @YSoreil 1 day ago The pricing on that sensor is about right, I looked in to these many years ago when they were still in production since it's the only large sensor you could actually buy. Really cool to see one in the wild. 2 Reply @snik2pl 1 day ago That leds look like from led projector Reply @vincei4252 1 day ago TDI = Time Domain Integration ? 1 Reply @wolpumba4099 1 day ago (edited) Maybe the camera should not be illuminated during readout. From the datasheet of the sensor (Onsemi): saturation 40300 electrons, read noise 12.5 electrons per pixel @ 18MHz (quite bad). quantum efficiency 62% (if it has micro lenses), frame rate 1 Hz. lateral overflow drain to prevent blooming protects against 800x (factor increases linearly with exposure time) saturation exposure (32e6 electrons per pixel at 4ms exposure time), microlens has +/- 20 degree acceptance angle i guess it would be good for astrophotography 4 Reply @txm100 1 day ago (edited) Babe wake up a new mikeselectricstuff has dropped! 9 Reply @vincei4252 1 day ago That looks like a finger-lakes filter wheel, however, for astronomy they'd never use such a large stepper. 1 Reply @MRooodddvvv 1 day ago yaaaaay ! more overcomplicated optical stuff ! 4 Reply 1 reply @NoPegs 1 day ago He lives! 11 Reply 1 reply Transcript 0:00 so I've stripped all the bits of the 0:01 optical system so basically we've got 0:03 the uh the camera 0:05 itself which is mounted on this uh very 0:09 complex 0:10 adjustment thing which obviously to set 0:13 you the various tilt and uh alignment 0:15 stuff then there's two of these massive 0:18 lenses I've taken one of these apart I 0:20 think there's something like about eight 0:22 or nine Optical elements in here these 0:25 don't seem to do a great deal in terms 0:26 of electr magnification they're obiously 0:28 just about getting the image to where it 0:29 uh where it needs to be just so that 0:33 goes like that then this Optical block I 0:36 originally thought this was made of some 0:37 s crazy heavy material but it's just 0:39 really the sum of all these Optical bits 0:41 are just ridiculously heavy those lenses 0:43 are about 4 kilos each and then there's 0:45 this very heavy very solid um piece that 0:47 goes in the middle and this is so this 0:49 is the filter wheel assembly with a 0:51 hilariously oversized steper 0:53 motor driving this wheel with these very 0:57 large narrow band filters so we've got 1:00 various different shades of uh 1:03 filters there five Al together that 1:06 one's actually just showing up a silver 1:07 that's actually a a red but fairly low 1:10 transmission orangey red blue green 1:15 there's an excess cover on this side so 1:16 the filters can be accessed and changed 1:19 without taking anything else apart even 1:21 this is like ridiculous it's like solid 1:23 aluminium this is just basically a cover 1:25 the actual wavelengths of these are um 1:27 488 525 570 630 and 700 NM not sure what 1:32 the suffix on that perhaps that's the uh 1:34 the width of the spectral line say these 1:37 are very narrow band filters most of 1:39 them are you very little light through 1:41 so it's still very tight narrow band to 1:43 match the um fluoresence of the dies 1:45 they're using in the biochemical process 1:48 and obviously to reject the light that's 1:49 being fired at it from that Illuminator 1:51 box and then there's a there's a second 1:53 one of these lenses then the actual sort 1:55 of samples below that so uh very serious 1:58 amount of very uh chunky heavy Optics 2:01 okay let's take a look at this light 2:02 source made by company Lumen Dynamics 2:04 who are now part of 2:06 excelitas self-contained unit power 2:08 connector USB and this which one of the 2:11 Cable Bundle said was a TTL interface 2:14 USB wasn't used in uh the fluid 2:17 application output here and I think this 2:19 is an input for um light feedback I 2:21 don't if it's regulated or just a measur 2:23 measurement facility and the uh fiber 2:27 assembly 2:29 Square Inlet there and then there's two 2:32 outputs which have uh lens assemblies 2:35 and this small one which goes back into 2:37 that small Port just Loops out of here 2:40 straight back in So on this side we've 2:42 got the electronics which look pretty 2:44 straightforward we've got a bit of power 2:45 supply stuff over here and we've got 2:48 separate drivers for each wavelength now 2:50 interesting this is clearly been very 2:52 specifically made for this application 2:54 you I was half expecting like say some 2:56 generic drivers that could be used for a 2:58 number of different things but actually 3:00 literally specified the exact wavelength 3:02 on the PCB there is provision here for 3:04 385 NM which isn't populated but this is 3:07 clearly been designed very specifically 3:09 so these four drivers look the same but 3:10 then there's two higher power ones for 3:12 575 and 3:14 520 a slightly bigger heat sink on this 3:16 575 section there a p 24 which is 3:20 providing USB interface USB isolator the 3:23 USB interface just presents as a comport 3:26 I did have a quick look but I didn't 3:27 actually get anything sensible um I did 3:29 dump the Pi code out and there's a few 3:31 you a few sort of commands that you 3:32 could see in text but I didn't actually 3:34 manage to get it working properly I 3:36 found some software for related version 3:38 but it didn't seem to want to talk to it 3:39 but um I say that wasn't used for the 3:41 original application it might be quite 3:42 interesting to get try and get the Run 3:44 hours count out of it and the TTL 3:46 interface looks fairly straightforward 3:48 we've got positions for six opto 3:50 isolators but only five five are 3:52 installed so that corresponds with the 3:54 unused thing so I think this hopefully 3:56 should be as simple as just providing a 3:57 ttrl signal for each color to uh enable 4:00 it a big heat sink here which is there I 4:03 think there's like a big S of metal 4:04 plate through the middle of this that 4:05 all the leads are mounted on the other 4:07 side so this is heat sinking it with a 4:09 air flow from a uh just a fan in here 4:13 obviously don't have the air flow 4:14 anywhere near the Optics so conduction 4:17 cool through to this plate that's then 4:18 uh air cooled got some pots which are 4:21 presumably power 4:22 adjustments okay let's take a look at 4:24 the other side which is uh much more 4:27 interesting see we've got some uh very 4:31 uh neatly Twisted cable assemblies there 4:35 a bunch of leads so we've got one here 4:37 475 up here 430 NM 630 575 and 520 4:44 filters and dcro mirrors a quick way to 4:48 see what's white is if we just shine 4:49 some white light through 4:51 here not sure how it is is to see on the 4:54 camera but shining white light we do 4:55 actually get a bit of red a bit of blue 4:57 some yellow here so the obstacle path 5:00 575 it goes sort of here bounces off 5:03 this mirror and goes out the 520 goes 5:07 sort of down here across here and up 5:09 there 630 goes basically straight 5:13 through 5:15 430 goes across there down there along 5:17 there and the 475 goes down here and 5:20 left this is the light sensing thing 5:22 think here there's just a um I think 5:24 there a photo diode or other sensor 5:26 haven't actually taken that off and 5:28 everything's fixed down to this chunk of 5:31 aluminium which acts as the heat 5:32 spreader that then conducts the heat to 5:33 the back side for the heat 5:35 sink and the actual lead packages all 5:38 look fairly similar except for this one 5:41 on the 575 which looks quite a bit more 5:44 substantial big spay 5:46 Terminals and the interface for this 5:48 turned out to be extremely simple it's 5:50 literally a 5V TTL level to enable each 5:54 color doesn't seem to be any tensity 5:56 control but there are some additional 5:58 pins on that connector that weren't used 5:59 in the through time thing so maybe 6:01 there's some extra lines that control 6:02 that I couldn't find any data on this uh 6:05 unit and the um their current product 6:07 range is quite significantly different 6:09 so we've got the uh blue these 6:13 might may well be saturating the camera 6:16 so they might look a bit weird so that's 6:17 the 430 6:18 blue the 575 6:24 yellow uh 6:26 475 light blue 6:29 the uh 520 6:31 green and the uh 630 red now one 6:36 interesting thing I noticed for the 6:39 575 it's actually it's actually using a 6:42 white lead and then filtering it rather 6:44 than using all the other ones are using 6:46 leads which are the fundamental colors 6:47 but uh this is actually doing white and 6:50 it's a combination of this filter and 6:52 the dichroic mirrors that are turning to 6:55 Yellow if we take the filter out and a 6:57 lot of the a lot of the um blue content 7:00 is going this way the red is going 7:02 straight through these two mirrors so 7:05 this is clearly not reflecting much of 7:08 that so we end up with the yellow coming 7:10 out of uh out of there which is a fairly 7:14 light yellow color which you don't 7:16 really see from high intensity leads so 7:19 that's clearly why they've used the 7:20 white to uh do this power consumption of 7:23 the white is pretty high so going up to 7:25 about 2 and 1 half amps on that color 7:27 whereas most of the other colors are 7:28 only drawing half an amp or so at 24 7:30 volts the uh the green is up to about 7:32 1.2 but say this thing is uh much 7:35 brighter and if you actually run all the 7:38 colors at the same time you get a fairly 7:41 reasonable um looking white coming out 7:43 of it and one thing you might just be 7:45 out to notice is there is some sort 7:46 color banding around here that's not 7:49 getting uh everything s completely 7:51 concentric and I think that's where this 7:53 fiber optic thing comes 7:58 in I'll 8:00 get a couple of Fairly accurately shaped 8:04 very sort of uniform color and looking 8:06 at What's um inside here we've basically 8:09 just got this Square Rod so this is 8:12 clearly yeah the lights just bouncing 8:13 off all the all the various sides to um 8:16 get a nice uniform illumination uh this 8:19 back bit looks like it's all potted so 8:21 nothing I really do to get in there I 8:24 think this is fiber so I have come 8:26 across um cables like this which are 8:27 liquid fill but just looking through the 8:30 end of this it's probably a bit hard to 8:31 see it does look like there fiber ends 8:34 going going on there and so there's this 8:36 feedback thing which is just obviously 8:39 compensating for the any light losses 8:41 through here to get an accurate 8:43 representation of uh the light that's 8:45 been launched out of these two 8:47 fibers and you see uh 8:49 these have got this sort of trapezium 8:54 shape light guides again it's like a 8:56 sort of acrylic or glass light guide 9:00 guess projected just to make the right 9:03 rectangular 9:04 shape and look at this Center assembly 9:07 um the light output doesn't uh change 9:10 whether you feed this in or not so it's 9:11 clear not doing any internal Clos Loop 9:14 control obviously there may well be some 9:16 facility for it to do that but it's not 9:17 being used in this 9:19 application and so this output just 9:21 produces a voltage on the uh outle 9:24 connector proportional to the amount of 9:26 light that's present so there's a little 9:28 diffuser in the back there 9:30 and then there's just some kind of uh 9:33 Optical sensor looks like a 9:35 chip looking at the lead it's a very 9:37 small package on the PCB with this lens 9:40 assembly over the top and these look 9:43 like they're actually on a copper 9:44 Metalized PCB for maximum thermal 9:47 performance and yeah it's a very small 9:49 package looks like it's a ceramic 9:51 package and there's a thermister there 9:53 for temperature monitoring this is the 9:56 475 blue one this is the 520 need to 9:59 Green which is uh rather different OB 10:02 it's a much bigger D with lots of bond 10:04 wise but also this looks like it's using 10:05 a phosphor if I shine a blue light at it 10:08 lights up green so this is actually a 10:10 phosphor conversion green lead which 10:12 I've I've come across before they want 10:15 that specific wavelength so they may be 10:17 easier to tune a phosphor than tune the 10:20 um semiconductor material to get the uh 10:23 right right wavelength from the lead 10:24 directly uh red 630 similar size to the 10:28 blue one or does seem to have a uh a 10:31 lens on top of it there is a sort of red 10:33 coloring to 10:35 the die but that doesn't appear to be 10:38 fluorescent as far as I can 10:39 tell and the white one again a little 10:41 bit different sort of much higher 10:43 current 10:46 connectors a makeer name on that 10:48 connector flot light not sure if that's 10:52 the connector or the lead 10:54 itself and obviously with the phosphor 10:56 and I'd imagine that phosphor may well 10:58 be tuned to get the maximum to the uh 5 11:01 cenm and actually this white one looks 11:04 like a St fairly standard product I just 11:06 found it in Mouse made by luminous 11:09 devices in fact actually I think all 11:11 these are based on various luminous 11:13 devices modules and they're you take 11:17 looks like they taking the nearest 11:18 wavelength and then just using these 11:19 filters to clean it up to get a precise 11:22 uh spectral line out of it so quite a 11:25 nice neat and um extreme 11:30 bright light source uh sure I've got any 11:33 particular use for it so I think this 11:35 might end up on 11:36 eBay but uh very pretty to look out and 11:40 without the uh risk of burning your eyes 11:43 out like you do with lasers so I thought 11:45 it would be interesting to try and 11:46 figure out the runtime of this things 11:48 like this we usually keep some sort 11:49 record of runtime cuz leads degrade over 11:51 time I couldn't get any software to work 11:52 through the USB face but then had a 11:54 thought probably going to be writing the 11:55 runtime periodically to the e s prom so 11:58 I just just scope up that and noticed it 12:00 was doing right every 5 minutes so I 12:02 just ran it for a while periodically 12:04 reading the E squ I just held the pick 12:05 in in reset and um put clip over to read 12:07 the square prom and found it was writing 12:10 one location per color every 5 minutes 12:12 so if one color was on it would write 12:14 that location every 5 minutes and just 12:16 increment it by one so after doing a few 12:18 tests with different colors of different 12:19 time periods it looked extremely 12:21 straightforward it's like a four bite 12:22 count for each color looking at the 12:24 original data that was in it all the 12:26 colors apart from Green were reading 12:28 zero and the green was reading four 12:30 indicating a total 20 minutes run time 12:32 ever if it was turned on run for a short 12:34 time then turned off that might not have 12:36 been counted but even so indicates this 12:37 thing wasn't used a great deal the whole 12:40 s process of doing a run can be several 12:42 hours but it'll only be doing probably 12:43 the Imaging at the end of that so you 12:46 wouldn't expect to be running for a long 12:47 time but say a single color for 20 12:50 minutes over its whole lifetime does 12:52 seem a little bit on the low side okay 12:55 let's look at the camera un fortunately 12:57 I managed to not record any sound when I 12:58 did this it's also a couple of months 13:00 ago so there's going to be a few details 13:02 that I've forgotten so I'm just going to 13:04 dub this over the original footage so um 13:07 take the lid off see this massive great 13:10 heat sink so this is a pel cool camera 13:12 we've got this blower fan producing a 13:14 fair amount of air flow through 13:16 it the connector here there's the ccds 13:19 mounted on the board on the 13:24 right this unplugs so we've got a bit of 13:27 power supply stuff on here 13:29 USB interface I think that's the Cyprus 13:32 microcontroller High speeded USB 13:34 interface there's a zyink spon fpga some 13:40 RAM and there's a couple of ATD 13:42 converters can't quite read what those 13:45 those are but anal 13:47 devices um little bit of bodgery around 13:51 here extra decoupling obviously they 13:53 have having some noise issues this is 13:55 around the ram chip quite a lot of extra 13:57 capacitors been added there 13:59 uh there's a couple of amplifiers prior 14:01 to the HD converter buffers or Andor 14:05 amplifiers taking the CCD 14:08 signal um bit more power spy stuff here 14:11 this is probably all to do with 14:12 generating the various CCD bias voltages 14:14 they uh need quite a lot of exotic 14:18 voltages next board down is just a 14:20 shield and an interconnect 14:24 boardly shielding the power supply stuff 14:26 from some the more sensitive an log 14:28 stuff 14:31 and this is the bottom board which is 14:32 just all power supply 14:34 stuff as you can see tons of capacitors 14:37 or Transformer in 14:42 there and this is the CCD which is a uh 14:47 very impressive thing this is a kf50 100 14:50 originally by true sense then codec 14:53 there ON 14:54 Semiconductor it's 50 megapixels uh the 14:58 only price I could find was this one 15:00 5,000 bucks and the architecture you can 15:03 see there actually two separate halves 15:04 which explains the Dual AZ converters 15:06 and two amplifiers it's literally split 15:08 down the middle and duplicated so it's 15:10 outputting two streams in parallel just 15:13 to keep the bandwidth sensible and it's 15:15 got this amazing um diffraction effects 15:18 it's got micro lenses over the pixel so 15:20 there's there's a bit more Optics going 15:22 on than on a normal 15:25 sensor few more bodges on the CCD board 15:28 including this wire which isn't really 15:29 tacked down very well which is a bit uh 15:32 bit of a mess quite a few bits around 15:34 this board where they've uh tacked 15:36 various bits on which is not super 15:38 impressive looks like CCD drivers on the 15:40 left with those 3 ohm um damping 15:43 resistors on the 15:47 output get a few more little bodges 15:50 around here some of 15:52 the and there's this separator the 15:54 silica gel to keep the moisture down but 15:56 there's this separator that actually 15:58 appears to be cut from piece of 15:59 antistatic 16:04 bag and this sort of thermal block on 16:06 top of this stack of three pel Cola 16:12 modules so as with any Stacks they get 16:16 um larger as they go back towards the 16:18 heat sink because each P's got to not 16:20 only take the heat from the previous but 16:21 also the waste heat which is quite 16:27 significant you see a little temperature 16:29 sensor here that copper block which 16:32 makes contact with the back of the 16:37 CCD and this's the back of the 16:40 pelas this then contacts the heat sink 16:44 on the uh rear there a few thermal pads 16:46 as well for some of the other power 16:47 components on this 16:51 PCB okay I've connected this uh camera 16:54 up I found some drivers on the disc that 16:56 seem to work under Windows 7 couldn't 16:58 get to install under Windows 11 though 17:01 um in the absence of any sort of lens or 17:03 being bothered to the proper amount I've 17:04 just put some f over it and put a little 17:06 pin in there to make a pinhole lens and 17:08 software gives a few options I'm not 17:11 entirely sure what all these are there's 17:12 obviously a clock frequency 22 MHz low 17:15 gain and with PFG no idea what that is 17:19 something something game programmable 17:20 Something game perhaps ver exposure 17:23 types I think focus is just like a 17:25 continuous grab until you tell it to 17:27 stop not entirely sure all these options 17:30 are obviously exposure time uh triggers 17:33 there ex external hardware trigger inut 17:35 you just trigger using a um thing on 17:37 screen so the resolution is 8176 by 17:40 6132 and you can actually bin those 17:42 where you combine multiple pixels to get 17:46 increased gain at the expense of lower 17:48 resolution down this is a 10sec exposure 17:51 obviously of the pin hole it's very uh 17:53 intensitive so we just stand still now 17:56 downloading it there's the uh exposure 17:59 so when it's 18:01 um there's a little status thing down 18:03 here so that tells you the um exposure 18:07 [Applause] 18:09 time it's this is just it 18:15 downloading um it is quite I'm seeing 18:18 quite a lot like smearing I think that I 18:20 don't know whether that's just due to 18:21 pixels overloading or something else I 18:24 mean yeah it's not it's not um out of 18:26 the question that there's something not 18:27 totally right about this camera 18:28 certainly was bodge wise on there um I 18:31 don't I'd imagine a camera like this 18:32 it's got a fairly narrow range of 18:34 intensities that it's happy with I'm not 18:36 going to spend a great deal of time on 18:38 this if you're interested in this camera 18:40 maybe for astronomy or something and 18:42 happy to sort of take the risk of it may 18:44 not be uh perfect I'll um I think I'll 18:47 stick this on eBay along with the 18:48 Illuminator I'll put a link down in the 18:50 description to the listing take your 18:52 chances to grab a bargain so for example 18:54 here we see this vertical streaking so 18:56 I'm not sure how normal that is this is 18:58 on fairly bright scene looking out the 19:02 window if I cut the exposure time down 19:04 on that it's now 1 second 19:07 exposure again most of the image 19:09 disappears again this is looks like it's 19:11 possibly over still overloading here go 19:14 that go down to say say quarter a 19:16 second so again I think there might be 19:19 some Auto gain control going on here um 19:21 this is with the PFG option let's try 19:23 turning that off and see what 19:25 happens so I'm not sure this is actually 19:27 more streaking or which just it's 19:29 cranked up the gain all the dis display 19:31 gray scale to show what um you know the 19:33 range of things that it's captured 19:36 there's one of one of 12 things in the 19:38 software there's um you can see of you 19:40 can't seem to read out the temperature 19:42 of the pelta cooler but you can set the 19:44 temperature and if you said it's a 19:46 different temperature you see the power 19:48 consumption jump up running the cooler 19:50 to get the temperature you requested but 19:52 I can't see anything anywhere that tells 19:54 you whether the cool is at the at the 19:56 temperature other than the power 19:57 consumption going down and there's no 19:59 temperature read out 20:03 here and just some yeah this is just 20:05 sort of very basic software I'm sure 20:07 there's like an API for more 20:09 sophisticated 20:10 applications but so if you know anything 20:12 more about these cameras please um stick 20:14 in the 20:15 comments um incidentally when I was 20:18 editing I didn't notice there was a bent 20:19 pin on the um CCD but I did fix that 20:22 before doing these tests and also 20:24 reactivated the um silica gel desicant 20:26 cuz I noticed it was uh I was getting 20:28 bit of condensation on the window but um 20:31 yeah so a couple of uh interesting but 20:34 maybe not particularly uh useful pieces 20:37 of Kit except for someone that's got a 20:38 very specific use so um I'll stick a 20:42 I'll stick these on eBay put a link in 20:44 the description and say hopefully 20:45 someone could actually make some uh good 20:47 use of these things Example Output: **Exploring the Fluidigm Polaris: A Detailed Look at its High-End Optics and Camera System** * **0:00 High-End Optics:** The system utilizes heavy, high-quality lenses and mirrors for precise imaging, weighing around 4 kilos each. * **0:49 Narrow Band Filters:** A filter wheel with five narrow band filters (488, 525, 570, 630, and 700 nm) ensures accurate fluorescence detection and rejection of excitation light. * **2:01 Customizable Illumination:** The Lumen Dynamics light source offers five individually controllable LED wavelengths (430, 475, 520, 575, 630 nm) with varying power outputs. The 575nm yellow LED is uniquely achieved using a white LED with filtering. * **3:45 TTL Control:** The light source is controlled via a simple TTL interface, enabling easy on/off switching for each LED color. * **12:55 Sophisticated Camera:** The system includes a 50-megapixel Kodak KAI-50100 CCD camera with a Peltier cooling system for reduced noise. * **14:54 High-Speed Data Transfer:** The camera features dual analog-to-digital converters to manage the high data throughput of the 50-megapixel sensor, which is effectively two 25-megapixel sensors operating in parallel. * **18:11 Possible Issues:** The video creator noted some potential issues with the camera, including image smearing. * **18:11 Limited Dynamic Range:** The camera's sensor has a limited dynamic range, making it potentially challenging to capture scenes with a wide range of brightness levels. * **11:45 Low Runtime:** Internal data suggests the system has seen minimal usage, with only 20 minutes of recorded runtime for the green LED. * **20:38 Availability on eBay:** Both the illuminator and camera are expected to be listed for sale on eBay. Here is the real transcript. Please summarize it: 00:00:01 The Memory Palace technique for studying 00:00:02 is an absolute waste of 00:00:11 time unless you're going to use it 00:00:11 correctly and there's a correct way to 00:00:14 do it for sure and unfortunately a lot 00:00:16 of people do not teach it in its full 00:00:19 Glory the way that I used it as part of 00:00:22 getting my PhD and I had to spend hours 00:00:25 and hours and hours of time figuring out 00:00:28 how was it that the ancient people 00:00:30 carried entire books in their minds when 00:00:31 they couldn't carry them on their backs 00:00:33 and part of the reason why that isn't 00:00:36 taught correctly is simply because a lot 00:00:38 of other people haven't read the ancient 00:00:39 books that I found to work it all out so 00:00:43 if you want to stop wasting your time 00:00:45 and get maximum results with minimal 00:00:48 effort get subscribed hit that Thumbs Up 00:00:50 For the Love of memory and to help me 00:00:53 train the robots to remember that humans 00:00:56 care about the great memory tradition 00:00:59 and and the truth about what the Memory 00:01:01 Palace technique is and how to use it so 00:01:04 you can get A+ all the way 00:01:07 [Music] 00:01:27 down now we got to talk a little bit 00:01:27 about the origin of the method and no 00:01:29 one knows exactly when the Memory Palace 00:01:32 technique first arrived on the scene but 00:01:34 lots of people sure like to argue about 00:01:36 it now there's good research that's been 00:01:40 done by Lynn Kelly on prehistoric and 00:01:43 some of the early historic origins of 00:01:46 the Memory Palace technique in the 00:01:47 memory code and in Memory Craft but I 00:01:49 think she'll be the first one to tell 00:01:50 you that a lot of her ideas are 00:01:52 speculative we just don't know exactly 00:01:55 how ancient people around the world came 00:01:58 up with the concept but we do know know 00:02:00 a lot about how they used it and we know 00:02:03 that since time in Memorial teachers 00:02:06 have said no no no no no no no no don't 00:02:09 use it that way use it this way because 00:02:11 there are particular ways of using it 00:02:13 but there are also lots of people who 00:02:16 like to spread the general idea without 00:02:19 the completeness of the idea so when it 00:02:22 comes to using the Memory Palace 00:02:23 technique for studying in a way that 00:02:26 basically is going to help you deal with 00:02:29 the the current school systems or if 00:02:33 you're going to do it so that you can 00:02:35 pass certification exams for work and so 00:02:38 forth the earliest place to look if you 00:02:41 want to get into the history I believe 00:02:43 is a person named Hugh of St Victor so 00:02:46 his approach to the Memory Palace 00:02:48 technique is one of the first examples 00:02:51 where you'll see number systems applied 00:02:54 to memorizing historical dates for 00:02:57 example now you might not have to 00:02:58 memorize historical dates but it's 00:03:00 information encoded in numbers and you 00:03:04 can see him also using the idea of 00:03:08 reusing memory palaces so you would take 00:03:10 one Memory Palace memorize a layer of 00:03:13 information in it and then add another 00:03:15 layer of information one of the places 00:03:17 that you can learn about Hue of St 00:03:19 Victor is the medieval craft of memory 00:03:22 really excellent book there's a lot to 00:03:24 study about Hugh St Victor in particular 00:03:27 and I have a whole video about his 00:03:29 imaginary Memory Palace technique which 00:03:32 is essentially using Noah's Arc and then 00:03:34 reusing Noah's Arc or different versions 00:03:37 for versions of Noah's Arc in any case 00:03:39 you can spend your entire life studying 00:03:42 the history of the Memory Palace 00:03:43 technique and the more the merrier if 00:03:45 you ask me I just love when people find 00:03:49 new things that I haven't seen before 00:03:51 there is a wealth of information that 00:03:54 hasn't been translated into English yet 00:03:56 and so by all means get into it now the 00:04:00 benefit of using the Memory Palace 00:04:02 technique correctly in the way we're 00:04:03 going to talk about today is really 00:04:04 super easy to summarize so if you've 00:04:07 ever had any doubts like why am I 00:04:09 bothering to learn this at all let alone 00:04:10 learning it correctly which you should 00:04:12 is that it is a way of helping you place 00:04:15 information in your long-term memory 00:04:17 through a variety of active learning 00:04:19 processes that's what helps you pass 00:04:22 exams without stress and makes it that 00:04:25 you can minimize the amount of time that 00:04:26 you have to spend on using the technique 00:04:28 and then you get to enjoy enjoy this 00:04:30 feeling of confidence every time that 00:04:32 you study and then later when you sit 00:04:34 for your tests or if you're learning a 00:04:36 language you're able to just use new 00:04:39 vocabulary and phrases Etc relatively 00:04:42 fluidly there's more to it because you 00:04:44 actually do have to read write and speak 00:04:46 and listen to a language in order to get 00:04:48 that sort of fluidity but nonetheless 00:04:50 you have this onramp that allows you to 00:04:53 access information from your long-term 00:04:55 memory without having to go to the 00:04:57 Memory Palace so all that side let's 00:05:00 understand what the Memory Palace 00:05:01 technique is it's actually not just one 00:05:04 technique it's at least five techniques 00:05:07 coming together and the trick the secret 00:05:10 if you will is to make all of those 00:05:12 things come together as one seamless 00:05:16 move and they'll never be perfectly 00:05:18 seamless but you can get it quite close 00:05:20 to seamless think about the old Abraham 00:05:24 Lincoln thing you know give me six hours 00:05:26 to chop down some trees and I'll spend 00:05:28 the first four sharpening my axe then 00:05:31 take that further so we're going to talk 00:05:33 about sharpening your axe but then the 00:05:35 actual move of chopping down a tree 00:05:38 isn't just one move it's several moves 00:05:40 your eyes have to have coordination with 00:05:42 your hands in order to make the axe fall 00:05:45 in just the right way you have to have a 00:05:47 sense of saving your energy so that you 00:05:49 actually make every strike of that axe 00:05:52 have maximum velocity to reduce the 00:05:54 amount of times that you have to hit the 00:05:57 tree in order to make it fall over Etc 00:05:59 so it's it it's quite a nuanced thing 00:06:02 but not super nuanced to the point that 00:06:04 it's impossible it's just that you've 00:06:06 got to find The Knack of it and then 00:06:09 work on it and actually get out and and 00:06:11 chop some trees you know in order to 00:06:13 figure out how you're going to use the 00:06:16 sharpness of your axe to maximize the 00:06:19 results with minimal effort and those 00:06:21 come together with the five systems so 00:06:24 the Memory Palace system is one of them 00:06:26 then you have alphabetical associations 00:06:28 numerical associations symbol 00:06:30 associations and space repetition itself 00:06:32 which is a system and all of this 00:06:35 combines and blends beautifully within 00:06:38 the Memory Palace technique and it leads 00:06:41 to maximum memory retention now alphabet 00:06:44 systems number systems symbol systems 00:06:47 two words mental imagery what you do in 00:06:50 your mind is your imagination so a 00:06:52 mental image or Association doesn't have 00:06:55 to be seen this is one of the biggest 00:06:58 keys to getting The Memory Palace 00:07:00 technique to work flawlessly you don't 00:07:02 have to see memory palaces you don't 00:07:04 have to see any of your associations 00:07:05 that you use in memory palaces you just 00:07:09 have to figure this out because it's 00:07:11 knacky it's going to be a little 00:07:13 different in your mind you got to lean 00:07:15 into it and you got to get away from 00:07:16 this Sherlock Holmes mythology you don't 00:07:19 say I must go to my mind Palace you just 00:07:22 have the information that's why we use 00:07:25 the Memory Palace technique for studying 00:07:26 so that we just have the information so 00:07:29 we need to use these five systems so 00:07:31 that the information enters your 00:07:32 long-term memory and then you can access 00:07:35 it without having to think about the 00:07:37 Memory Palace technique at all in a way 00:07:40 these five systems when they work 00:07:41 together are like the training wheels 00:07:43 that you would have on a bike as soon as 00:07:46 you're done training your mind with the 00:07:49 individual sets of information those 00:07:51 training wheels or the pneumonics 00:07:53 including the Memory Palace itself just 00:07:55 Falls away All That Remains is the 00:07:57 target information when you need it and 00:07:59 that is such a glorious and beautiful 00:08:15 thing I have so many thousands of 00:08:15 drawings from students who have sent me 00:08:17 their memory palaces and thanked me why 00:08:19 didn't somebody tell me to do this 00:08:21 before it is so critical because if you 00:08:27 don't allow yourself to PL and the 00:08:30 Memory Palace you wind up building it as 00:08:32 you go and that's trying to do two 00:08:34 things at once you want to establish 00:08:37 clear and distinctive locations within 00:08:40 each and every Memory Palace the key is 00:08:43 making sure that the Memory Palace is 00:08:45 clear to you and that it is clearly 00:08:47 based on what you remember don't invent 00:08:52 things don't get caught up in well this 00:08:56 couch might move in the future or this 00:08:58 couch has been in different different 00:08:59 places in the past if that is going to 00:09:03 be in your mind at all just don't use 00:09:05 the couch and don't think yet about 00:09:08 having pretend couches or imaginary 00:09:11 bookcases stunts like that can be useful 00:09:13 and they can come later but what we want 00:09:16 to do in the beginning is make it as 00:09:19 based on memory as possible 100% based 00:09:23 on memory so that you can not have to 00:09:26 worry about visualizing it many people 00:09:29 they start with this their memory is too 00:09:30 rusty to worry about visualizing you 00:09:33 just want corners and walls if that's 00:09:35 what it takes or you just want to use 00:09:37 the center of a room to add 00:09:40 anything things like flying off of 00:09:43 balconies passing ghostlike through 00:09:45 walls anything that you don't do in 00:09:48 reality is giving yourself something to 00:09:51 remember that's called a memorized 00:09:54 Palace and it places cognitive load on 00:09:58 the tool when the whole point of a true 00:10:01 Memory Palace is to maximize the power 00:10:05 of using distinctive locations exactly 00:10:09 the way you remember them without having 00:10:11 to elaborate anything rest assured 00:10:14 there's plenty of opportunity to 00:10:17 elaborate things when you're using your 00:10:19 alphabet system your number system your 00:10:21 symbol system and we're going to discuss 00:10:22 that in a minute but get this most 00:10:25 important points of all of them if 00:10:29 you're worried about couches moving 00:10:31 around you're adding unnecessary 00:10:33 thinking if you're thinking about well I 00:10:36 could pass like a ghost through this 00:10:37 wall you're giving yourself unnecessary 00:10:40 thinking because you're going to have to 00:10:41 remember that detail you want a clear en 00:10:44 cpse Journey you want to start at a 00:10:47 location and move in a linear fashion 00:10:50 through your mind whether you see it or 00:10:52 not and you don't have to see it cuz you 00:10:54 can just draw it you're going to move 00:10:57 from Station to Station to Station based 00:10:59 on your memory that's a true Memory 00:11:01 Palace and anything that has to be 00:11:03 memorized about it is gone because 00:11:05 that's not the art of memory so once you 00:11:09 do this with a couple memory palaces and 00:11:11 you use them and you fill them you'll go 00:11:13 oh yes that's why he's so insistent 00:11:15 about this right and yes later you can 00:11:18 do all kinds of fancy stuff and you can 00:11:19 use memory pales that are memorized in 00:11:21 all kinds of different ways there's 00:11:23 endless ways to play around with this 00:11:25 but if you're studying you don't want to 00:11:27 take the risk of having fiddly little 00:11:29 nudely memory palaces that are not 00:11:32 optimized based on this simple principle 00:11:36 now the next thing that's really 00:11:39 important here to make sure that the 00:11:40 Memory Palace technique for studying is 00:11:42 worth your time is to make sure you're 00:11:46 using it for the actual information that 00:11:49 matters and so I'll share with you how 00:11:52 I've used this technique and I've always 00:11:55 studied with wild abandon I've tried to 00:11:59 extract as much information as I 00:12:01 possibly could within certain limits 00:12:05 training my mind to understand what is 00:12:08 actual information that's worth 00:12:10 memorizing and what you kind of have to 00:12:12 do 00:12:14 is make a assessment on the fly so what 00:12:17 I love to do is extract information onto 00:12:22 cards I'm reading a book and I'll make a 00:12:25 little mental note I'll say this book 00:12:27 looks like it's got 10 chapters probably 00:12:29 there's going to be 10 points let's say 00:12:31 in each chapter maybe three depends on 00:12:33 what the book looks like and I will 00:12:35 limit myself to a certain amount of 00:12:37 points and when I find a point that I 00:12:39 don't know I don't recognize it I don't 00:12:41 know it before I do any memorizing I 00:12:44 will extract that information onto cards 00:12:47 now that's phase one no memory palaces 00:12:50 are in play at all phase two is to go 00:12:53 through the cards and then check does 00:12:55 this really need to be memorized does 00:12:57 this need to be memorized what about 00:12:58 this and I will throw cards away or 00:13:02 place them in a different area because 00:13:05 if it doesn't need to be memorized why 00:13:07 memorize it why use the Memory Palace 00:13:09 space for information that hasn't passed 00:13:13 the test now the key with this to 00:13:16 understand this is that this process of 00:13:18 weeding through notes that have been 00:13:22 taken is itself part of forming memories 00:13:26 right and it is about summarization it's 00:13:29 about annotation and it's about 00:13:32 assessing the validity and the value of 00:13:34 key points and calling them out this 00:13:38 will itself form memories and it will 00:13:41 help you understand ah this key point I 00:13:44 need to memorize it and then you 00:13:46 memorize only those things that are the 00:13:48 key points knowing that you're forming 00:13:50 memories throughout that entire process 00:13:53 now there's a principle that I call the 00:13:55 romatic effect and it basically is a 00:13:59 less is more approach and less usually 00:14:02 is more so let's say that you started 00:14:05 with 30 cards from a book and you've 00:14:07 winnowed it down to 10 things that you 00:14:09 need to memorize those 10 things that 00:14:11 you memorize they're probably going to 00:14:15 connect to the other things that you've 00:14:17 weeded out simply because you focused on 00:14:20 the 10 but you read the entire book and 00:14:23 so your mind is going to be able to send 00:14:25 out tendrils like ra romes send out 00:14:28 little tend 00:14:29 to connect and they may be connections 00:14:32 that are like non-coupling magnets so I 00:14:37 don't know if you've ever seen these 00:14:38 trains that they don't actually attach 00:14:41 to each other physically but they attach 00:14:43 to each other magnetically the 00:14:45 individual cars between the trains in 00:14:48 any case the whole point is is that 00:14:49 things can connect without being 00:14:51 connected and that's what this whole 00:14:53 windwing approach is all about the 00:14:54 culling approach going through cards and 00:14:57 then selecting what you're going to 00:14:58 memorize 00:14:59 so what you're going to do is once you 00:15:02 have identified the information where 00:15:04 the stakes are high these are terms you 00:15:07 don't know these are words that you need 00:15:09 to memorize these are phrases that you 00:15:10 need to memorize names of figures 00:15:13 historical dates Etc then you're going 00:15:15 to use your memory palaces for that 00:15:18 stuff not everything but the most likely 00:15:21 to be tested information and the most 00:15:24 likely to create this romatic effect 00:15:27 that draws things together there's 00:15:29 another little thing that I'll mention 00:15:31 here that has to do with using the pages 00:15:34 of books as memory palaces un themselves 00:15:37 or mini memory palaces so how that works 00:15:41 is that you're going to have your number 00:15:43 system built out that you can watch in 00:15:46 the POA system video to learn what that 00:15:49 is but basically what it is is you're 00:15:50 going to have an image for every number 00:15:52 and so when you have a page you can turn 00:15:54 any page into a mini Memory Palace based 00:15:56 on your image for each number and so the 00:15:59 book in effect becomes a kind of Memory 00:16:01 Palace unto itself where instead of the 00:16:05 wall being a station in a Memory Palace 00:16:07 and then the corner being a station in 00:16:08 the Memory Palace and a couch and a 00:16:09 fridge and a chair and all that sort of 00:16:11 stuff each page is the equivalent of a 00:16:14 wall in a corner and you distinguish it 00:16:16 in your mind because page 99 is an image 00:16:19 for you my 99 is the pope not the Pope 00:16:23 in Rome the singer from Ghost the point 00:16:26 is that 99 is very very distinct and 00:16:29 then whatever information is on that 00:16:31 page I will then elaborate it and link 00:16:33 it together with the ghost so there's 00:16:37 lots and lots of examples I can give for 00:16:39 this page 79 in a Eugene ther book well 00:16:42 actually page 71 to 79 talks about the I 00:16:47 think it's the 19th sermon from Meister 00:16:49 eart where he's quoting acts 98 which is 00:16:52 something like Saul rose up from the 00:16:53 ground and saw nothing and then he talks 00:16:55 about the four kinds of nothing and the 00:16:57 way that the this is not in a Memory 00:17:00 Palace and it never was except for the 00:17:02 book has a Memory Palace is that that 00:17:04 passage starts on page 71 it ends at 00:17:07 page 79 there's an image for 71 and 00:17:09 there's an image for 79 the image for 71 00:17:13 seven is a k one is a t or d so I make 00:17:16 the word cat and there's a specific cat 00:17:19 and then seven is a k nine is a p so I 00:17:22 have capped in crunch because cap is the 00:17:24 sound for this so now there's this range 00:17:28 and then the cat who is the Cheshire Cat 00:17:32 is then linked with Captain Crunch and 00:17:35 linked with the images for the 19th 00:17:38 sermon of Meister eart the numbers for 00:17:41 acts 98 the whole idea of there being 00:17:43 four kinds of nothing for symbolized by 00:17:46 a sailboat and on and on and on so this 00:17:48 is a little bit more intermediate and 00:17:49 advanced but it's still the Memory 00:17:51 Palace technique looked at in a 00:17:53 different way because each and every 00:17:55 station is clear and distinct in My Mind 00:17:57 by virtue of each number having an image 00:18:01 in the same way that every corner in a 00:18:03 room has an image the corner itself 00:18:06 every wall has an image now if I'm 00:18:08 studying for an exam I'm probably not 00:18:11 going to use that technique I'm probably 00:18:12 going to use the standard Memory Palace 00:18:15 technique because it's much more 00:18:17 effective and efficient and it reduces 00:18:20 the feeling of being overwhelmed because 00:18:22 a corner has space between itself and 00:18:26 the wall and then that allows for a 00:18:29 broader painting so to speak with the 00:18:32 mental imagery and it allows for more 00:18:34 spaced repetition to work with space 00:18:39 between the stations now the ancient 00:18:40 memory technique books talk about this 00:18:42 they always talk about having your 00:18:46 stations in your memory palaces have 00:18:48 some breathing room right and you don't 00:18:50 get that with the page technique if you 00:18:52 have something on 98 and on page 99 00:18:55 there's no breathing room between those 00:18:56 two pages and it is a little bit of an 00:18:58 issue and a problem but that's why I 00:19:00 only use it for my reading when I'm not 00:19:03 having an exam I'm studying so to speak 00:19:05 but I'm not under the pressure of having 00:19:07 an exam so if I lose little details here 00:19:10 and there no pressure no worries so for 00:19:14 a for a proper Memory Palace for 00:19:17 studying if I have an exam I'm just 00:19:19 simply not going to use the book as a 00:19:21 Memory Palace I'm going to have a proper 00:19:23 room a house a home a church a cafe Etc 00:19:27 in order to give myself more space for 00:19:31 the recall rehearsal and really recall 00:19:33 rehearsal requires a bit of mental 00:19:34 dexterity and I don't want fiddling 00:19:36 around I don't want to have to worry 00:19:38 about distinctions between page 98 and 00:19:39 99 no matter how clear they are at the 00:19:42 level of the the the different images 00:19:46 because it still doesn't have that 00:19:48 spatial room in which to do station 00:19:52 skipping in recall rehearsal which we'll 00:19:54 talk about later before we get to recall 00:19:57 rehearsal though and space repetition 00:20:00 systems and using the Memory Palace in 00:20:02 that systematic way we got to think 00:20:04 about the way you use a Memory Palace to 00:20:07 combine information with associations to 00:20:09 link those individual spaces through 00:20:12 Association Now Memory scientists call 00:20:14 this step elaborative in coding and this 00:20:17 is why you want your memory palaces to 00:20:20 be as clear and distinct as possible 00:20:23 because if you have to Fiddle in your 00:20:24 mind with the Memory Palace technique 00:20:27 then you're not going to have enough 00:20:28 enough cognitive space to work on 00:20:31 elaborating and associating your images 00:20:34 with that space so think about each 00:20:36 station as just needing to be what it is 00:20:39 when you go to your fridge in your home 00:20:41 right you don't want to have to have all 00:20:44 kinds of issues with it you just want to 00:20:46 go to the fridge because you know 00:20:47 clearly where it is and then if you want 00:20:50 to take a fridge magnet you want to 00:20:52 stick that magnet on the fridge to hold 00:20:54 concert tickets in place or something 00:20:56 like that so if you want to to memorize 00:20:59 a word like I wanted to memorize a very 00:21:01 simple example recently 00:21:04 enantio right I want to memorize this 00:21:07 word so I'm going to go to my brother's 00:21:09 place right and I'm going to use his 00:21:13 living room in this particular case and 00:21:15 anoia and I'm going to imagine Ant-Man 00:21:18 watching video Drome in his living room 00:21:21 there's a bit more to the image than 00:21:23 that but the core technique was executed 00:21:27 by paying attention to the alphabetical 00:21:30 construction of the word the 00:21:33 relationship to my brother which is also 00:21:36 alphabetical and then placing it in a 00:21:39 place that is clear and distinct in my 00:21:41 mind where I don't have to think about 00:21:42 the place at all I just have to have the 00:21:44 alphabetical Association and then I put 00:21:47 Ant-Man in that place watching video 00:21:49 Drome so the N has to do with my brother 00:21:52 the enantio antio has to do with Ant-Man 00:21:56 the Ria has to do with video drum 00:22:00 they're paired with the living room and 00:22:02 the success of pairing them together so 00:22:04 quickly has to do with the memory Pals 00:22:06 just being a non-issue it's worked out 00:22:09 in advance I know where I'm going to go 00:22:11 I know what the next word will be if I 00:22:12 want to add one in the Memory Palace or 00:22:15 the next phrase or whatever the 00:22:16 information is it could be a symbol from 00:22:18 math and so on and so forth all that 00:22:20 stuff has to be super clear if you're 00:22:21 going to use the Memory Palace technique 00:22:23 for studying efficiently because then 00:22:26 when you come across hard words like an 00:22:27 antio you want to just be very quick in 00:22:30 putting those associations there and you 00:22:32 want to have memorable pneumonic images 00:22:35 not vague weak things where you have to 00:22:37 go oh what was that image there no no no 00:22:39 no no you don't want any of that stuff 00:22:40 right you want Vivid images and this is 00:22:43 where it's really important to 00:22:44 understand that the images are not about 00:22:46 images 00:23:16 what is really about is using logic upon 00:23:16 logic using the Memory Palace as a 00:23:18 logical sequence of stations throughout 00:23:21 a space a journey to link highly 00:23:24 multi-sensory images that are already in 00:23:27 your memory so my brother's already in 00:23:29 my memory Ant-Man is already in my 00:23:31 memory and video Drome is already in my 00:23:33 memory and I'm just linking these things 00:23:35 together with the sound and the meaning 00:23:37 of an 00:23:38 antio Right This is So Glorious when you 00:23:42 start to get this when you start to 00:23:43 practice it on this basis it's very very 00:23:46 important because you don't want to 00:23:48 invent stuff you don't want to have to 00:23:50 create images I get messages all the 00:23:53 time I'm struggling to create images 00:23:55 whoever taught you to create images in 00:23:56 the first place I don't know oh why that 00:24:00 that people talk about it that way 00:24:01 that's not the art of memory the art of 00:24:03 memory is to use memory to use memory 00:24:05 palaces that are based on memory to use 00:24:07 images that are based on memory and to 00:24:09 combine the two logically first and 00:24:13 foremost then you add different forms of 00:24:16 elaboration where images might be 00:24:18 involved now to refine everything to the 00:24:21 nth degree I prefer what I call the cave 00:24:25 cogs formula so rather than 00:24:29 bus around with all this stuff to 00:24:30 elaborate it I simply follow that 00:24:33 formula so rather than seeing Ant-Man as 00:24:35 such I first get a kinesthetic feeling 00:24:38 that's the K in cave cogs so what might 00:24:41 that feeling be well depends on what 00:24:45 what's going on what is the meaning of 00:24:46 the word so I will try to feel Ant-Man 00:24:50 you know somehow being overwhelmed by a 00:24:53 force and then responding to that force 00:24:55 in a particular way physically because 00:24:57 that relates the meaning of this word 00:24:59 then I'll hear an auditory sensation in 00:25:02 my mind's ear then maybe I'll have some 00:25:06 visual in this case I didn't really have 00:25:07 any visual because it's just not 00:25:09 necessary so I don't always have kav 00:25:12 kinesthetic auditory visual but I do 00:25:14 have an emotion and that emotion is also 00:25:17 felt but it's not felt physically in 00:25:19 ant-man's body it's felt in his emotion 00:25:22 so Ant-Man is played you know by a 00:25:25 particular actor and so uh is it Paul 00:25:28 red who plays you don't even have to 00:25:30 remember who it is that plays the 00:25:32 character as long as you can get that 00:25:35 sensation in your mind of what his way 00:25:39 of feeling emotional would be relative 00:25:41 to the sound and the meaning of the word 00:25:43 then there's conceptual which is the sea 00:25:46 in cave cogs and that can be a hard one 00:25:49 for people to understand but basically I 00:25:51 just want to think a little bit what's 00:25:52 the genre here what's going on so video 00:25:55 Drome is kind of like a body horror 00:25:56 movie and an man is a Marvel picture I 00:26:00 believe and so these ideas are going to 00:26:02 be touched upon and then I'm going to 00:26:04 try to relate them logically to the 00:26:05 meaning of an antio theia then we have 00:26:08 old factory gustatory and spatial and 00:26:10 that's can get a little smell and a 00:26:12 taste in there and then think about the 00:26:14 sizes of things in relationship to each 00:26:16 other so literally feeling what it would 00:26:19 be like to watch a movie in the body of 00:26:21 Ant-Man creates all of these multi- 00:26:25 sensory 00:26:26 associations it is so important and you 00:26:29 can train yourself to do this very very 00:26:33 quickly and all the more so because 00:26:35 you're basing your images on things that 00:26:38 you've seen in the real world now I know 00:26:40 you may not have seen video drum I know 00:26:41 you may not have seen Ant-Man but this 00:26:43 is this is the art of memory is for you 00:26:45 to practice using what you have seen 00:26:49 what you have a relationship with some 00:26:51 people they absolutely love anime right 00:26:53 because they just spent a lot of time 00:26:55 with anime great some people like 00:26:57 Pokemon some people like all kinds of 00:26:58 things I happen to like weird Canadian 00:27:00 movies like video drum and I like 00:27:02 Ant-Man so you know these things have 00:27:05 come to mind but they don't come to mind 00:27:07 out of nowhere they come come to mind 00:27:08 because I've trained myself to do this 00:27:10 so how are we going to train ourselves 00:27:12 to do this as a rabbi once told his 00:27:17 student who said how is it that you guys 00:27:18 are memorizing the Tanakh with such 00:27:21 great tenacity well the rabbi said you 00:27:25 must become a student a serious student 00:27:30 of the alphabet so please become a 00:27:32 serious student of the alphabet get 00:27:34 yourself a blank faed deck of playing 00:27:37 cards or just some of these wonderful 00:27:40 index cards blank and write out the 00:27:43 alphabet and look at letters so when you 00:27:46 have the letter U instantly come to your 00:27:48 mind should be Uma Thurman right or 00:27:51 whoever it could be uve B you don't know 00:27:54 these people necessarily I do I worked 00:27:55 with uve B on a movie when I was a story 00:27:58 but that's who I have here instantly 00:28:00 when I look at you and I train myself 00:28:02 just go through here who else could I 00:28:03 add Alberto Ekko the great writer who 00:28:06 wrote the name of the Rose uh and 00:28:08 wonderful non-fiction and then you know 00:28:10 you go to R and Ricky J comes to mind 00:28:13 and so on and you go to Jay The Joker of 00:28:15 course should come to mind everybody 00:28:17 knows the Joker don't they but also Jack 00:28:18 Nicholson who played The Joker uh and on 00:28:22 and on and on uh John Connor it could be 00:28:24 a fictional character John Connor of 00:28:25 course being uh J J C in The Terminator 00:28:29 series and Jesus Christ which is 00:28:31 probably why he was named JC uh C Cookie 00:28:34 Monster on and on and on X I know this 00:28:36 is a a letter that troubles a lot of 00:28:38 people zentia Zen xenophon Xerxes 00:28:42 Professor X from 00:28:44 X-Men uh did I say Zenia yeah that was I 00:28:47 believe the wife of Socrates the the 00:28:49 whole point is is you got to train 00:28:51 yourself to be able to do this and also 00:28:53 objects are useful too xylophone comes 00:28:55 to mind for X um 00:28:58 Malcolm X you know on and on and on and 00:29:00 uh if you don't have a Memory Palace for 00:29:02 X then you could think of a library 00:29:03 where you read about Malcolm X that s 00:29:05 sort of thing you also want to include 00:29:07 some numbers in here because you want 00:29:09 number systems as well so this has 00:29:12 particular symbols and it depends on 00:29:13 which number system we're using I know 00:29:15 this is all mentally overwhelming for 00:29:16 people who are new to it but you reduce 00:29:18 the overwhelm by training what do you 00:29:20 know that starts with s Superman 00:29:24 probably most people know Superman and 00:29:27 you can go from there right and there's 00:29:29 all kinds of people and you just got to 00:29:31 train yourself and that's one of my 00:29:33 favorite ways to train and practice 00:29:35 simple cards you don't have to go to the 00:29:36 extent that that I've gone to to uh make 00:29:39 your own deck but I recommend that you 00:29:42 at least do it with this and then have 00:29:44 one just for numbers and just for 00:29:46 symbols and train yourself to constantly 00:29:49 come up with these associations because 00:29:51 then when you're 00:29:52 studying you won't have any issues 00:29:55 whatsoever coming up with these images 00:29:58 you won't and I know you won't because 00:29:59 the memory science is very very clear 00:30:02 you are going to train your procedural 00:30:04 memory and procedural memory is a 00:30:06 superpower when you're using the Memory 00:30:08 Palace technique for 00:30:28 studying now the other thing to do with 00:30:29 this is to also train Cape cogs so let's 00:30:31 say you have Superman or you have anano 00:30:34 dromia and you're thinking about Ant-Man 00:30:36 or whatever the whole point is is to 00:30:39 elaborate this thing so let's say we're 00:30:41 in my brother's house we're memorizing 00:30:43 an antio the Ria and we have Ant-Man 00:30:47 smelling steak right and it's covered in 00:30:50 ants and then we have Superman serving 00:30:52 the steak or whatever well we're going 00:30:54 to feel Superman serving the steak he's 00:30:58 really going to hold the plate of with 00:30:59 the steak covered in Ants In His Hands 00:31:01 we're going to feel that in our hands 00:31:03 we're going to 00:31:05 hear of all these ants moving around 00:31:07 we're going to have a visual of it I 00:31:09 mean you don't even have to see the 00:31:10 visual in order to imagine what it would 00:31:12 look like if you could see it there's 00:31:14 usually no time when you're memorizing 00:31:16 then we're going to go through the 00:31:17 emotion so Superman what emotion does he 00:31:19 have when he's handing a steak to 00:31:21 Ant-Man in order to help us remember 00:31:24 this word right and then you can have 00:31:26 the smell and the taste of what stake is 00:31:28 like you can have the concept which is 00:31:30 like Superman is actually from DC 00:31:32 instead of Marvel Etc and on and on and 00:31:35 you can have the size of Superman's 00:31:36 muscles relative to ant-man's muscles 00:31:39 you can train on every single card right 00:31:41 so you get to q and you think of Quincy 00:31:43 Jones and then you can think of Quincy 00:31:45 Jones doing something what does that 00:31:46 physically feel like and you can rotate 00:31:48 through your cave CS so you get to your 00:31:50 ex and you have Xerxes or or xenophon or 00:31:55 whoever and you can think h well okay so 00:31:58 what is he going to have a physical 00:32:00 sensation of and you can actually take 00:32:02 two of your cards together so if you 00:32:04 have I don't know Kurt Russell and 00:32:07 zenfon so now what are they going to do 00:32:10 to each other to have a kinesthetic 00:32:12 Association to have an auditory 00:32:14 sensation to have a visual to have an 00:32:15 emotion Etc so train train train in 00:32:18 advance so that you're able to come 00:32:20 across information rack it and stack it 00:32:22 in a Memory Palace and have images that 00:32:25 are already in your memory because you 00:32:28 look at the letter H and you don't have 00:32:30 to hum and haw over this you got Harry 00:32:32 Lorraine for H I mean of course we're in 00:32:34 the memory World here we have har rain 00:32:36 but we have all kinds of people and we 00:32:38 just train train train and it doesn't 00:32:39 take more than a second to just think of 00:32:42 who we're going to have people named 00:32:43 Frank I have a friend named Frank 00:32:45 there's a philosopher named Michelle 00:32:46 Fuko on and on and on Einstein for E Etc 00:32:50 but who else see if you can always push 00:32:52 yourself to get five people Etc so Eric 00:32:55 from blah blah blah like on and on and 00:32:57 on and work at it it's really really 00:32:59 important chances are you already know 00:33:02 five people that have the letter V 00:33:05 somehow in their name train train train 00:33:08 and then you're always going to have 00:33:09 sharp associations that are based on 00:33:11 what's already in your memory to place 00:33:14 in well-formed memory palaces that are 00:33:16 also already in your memory with no 00:33:18 invention you don't have to create 00:33:20 anything if the memory palaces aren't 00:33:23 well formed and you're sitting there 00:33:25 trying to come up with things that don't 00:33:27 exist or that aren't already in your 00:33:28 memory you're making it too hard 00:33:32 so the next question that we want to 00:33:35 cover assuming you have all of this 00:33:40 fundamental optimized wonderful 00:33:43 strategies and tactics under your belt 00:33:46 or at least you're practicing them based 00:33:48 on the real tradition the way it really 00:33:50 has worked for thousands of years you're 00:33:52 going to be wondering like well how do I 00:33:53 now do this with multiple subjects I 00:33:56 have chemistry on Tuesday I have 00:33:58 philosophy on Wednesday like how do I 00:34:01 juggle all of this well to use the 00:34:02 technique for a variety of subjects make 00:34:05 sure to have multiple memory palaces and 00:34:08 the simplest way to set up for the 00:34:12 mental dexterity involved in switching 00:34:15 between multiple memory palaces is to 00:34:18 have them in the first place have one 00:34:20 for each letter of the alphabet so that 00:34:22 you're able to encode always at the 00:34:25 alphabetical level now that doesn't mean 00:34:26 that you are always is going to encode 00:34:28 at the alphabetical level you might want 00:34:30 to build a number-based Memory Palace 00:34:33 system and have sub memory palaces 00:34:35 memory palaces within memory palaces on 00:34:38 and on and on and on but the reality is 00:34:40 is the easiest way to do it is just to 00:34:42 Simply have one for every letter of the 00:34:44 alphabet only scarcity based thinking 00:34:47 holds people back in this Regard in 00:34:50 reality there is more space around each 00:34:53 and every one of us than any of us could 00:34:56 ever hope to use in a lifetime so get 00:35:00 busy get a piece of paper out write the 00:35:02 letter a and then write all the letters 00:35:05 from A to Z or whatever letters are 00:35:07 involved in your mother tongue and then 00:35:09 just think who can I use for a oh I got 00:35:11 a friend named Adam oh I got a friend 00:35:12 named Brad and just draw out their 00:35:14 memory palaces so that you never have to 00:35:17 really think about those memory palaces 00:35:19 again because you'll have base them on 00:35:22 memory and then when it comes time to 00:35:23 use them you'll have them ready to go 00:35:25 your journey sorted out in advance 00:35:28 now there's the point about 00:35:32 memorizing dates so let's say you know 00:35:35 you're doing history and you have to 00:35:38 switch from philosophy to history or you 00:35:40 had to add a historical date to a 00:35:43 philosophical point and so forth you're 00:35:44 going to want a number system now the 00:35:46 most popular system is the major system 00:35:50 or it's big brother so to speak which is 00:35:52 a 00 to 99 Pao system all of that is 00:35:56 covered in its own video video you can 00:35:58 look in the resources for links below 00:36:01 and whatever it is studying for science 00:36:04 for concepts for theories it comes down 00:36:07 to these five systems and the way that 00:36:10 you got to deal with Concepts and 00:36:11 Science and theories and 00:36:13 formulas is really make sure that you're 00:36:15 not hypnotizing yourself into thinking 00:36:17 that 00:36:19 anything that appears in words numbers 00:36:23 letters 00:36:24 symbols is difficult it's not if you can 00:36:28 memorize one word you can 00:36:31 memorize thousands if you can memorize 00:36:34 one string of digits you can memorize 00:36:36 thousands of them if you can work out a 00:36:38 way to memorize an imaginary symbol like 00:36:40 a two with an umlout on it you can 00:36:42 memorize any symbol in the world you 00:36:46 know you've just got to work out well 00:36:48 what is going to be my pneumonic 00:36:49 Association for an umlout and you know 00:36:53 in Greek you may see two dots it's not 00:36:55 an umlout in Greek but in any case 00:36:57 there's lots of places where these 00:36:58 things come up with so you might need to 00:37:00 know the difference between the uml how 00:37:02 it's used in German and then how these 00:37:05 two dots are used in Greek and then you 00:37:07 just Place those things in different 00:37:08 memory palaces but if you sit there and 00:37:09 trick yourself into thinking oh my 00:37:11 goodness there must be some different 00:37:14 system for this there isn't it's always 00:37:16 the same system all you need is to make 00:37:20 your systems in advance so Memory Palace 00:37:23 system alphabet system number system 00:37:25 symbol system and then comes the space 00:37:29 repetition system or what I prefer to 00:37:31 call recall 00:37:33 [Music] 00:37:46 rehearsal recall rehearsal is the core 00:37:49 reason to use the Memory Palace 00:37:51 technique for studying in the first 00:37:54 place it is beautiful for space 00:37:57 repetition and to do it well you will 00:38:00 practice with a specific kind of 00:38:02 retrieval that will strengthen your 00:38:03 memory and Usher your target information 00:38:06 into long-term memory quickly so 00:38:10 basically what you want to do is have 00:38:12 enough information in the Memory Palace 00:38:13 first let's say you have 10 pieces of 00:38:16 information in a Memory Palace and how 00:38:19 how this works is you want to apply 00:38:21 equal doses of pracy effect and recency 00:38:24 effect to each piece of information 00:38:26 using the serial positioning effect so 00:38:29 without going into a long speech about 00:38:31 Herman ebbing house and the forgetting 00:38:32 curve and all of that all you need to do 00:38:35 is revisit the information in the marry 00:38:38 Palace by moving forward backward from 00:38:40 the middle of the Mary Palace to the 00:38:42 beginning and then from the middle of 00:38:44 the marry Palace to the end of the 00:38:45 sequence and then you want to skip the 00:38:47 stations each of these recall patterns 00:38:51 will challenge you and that's precisely 00:38:54 the point because you're dipping into 00:38:56 what scientists of learning and memory 00:38:59 sometimes call Active recall and it is 00:39:04 the challenge that helps form the 00:39:06 memories and when you're making mistakes 00:39:09 that's not a problem that's actually an 00:39:11 opportunity to think what was wrong with 00:39:14 my image in the Memory Palace that needs 00:39:17 just a little bit of tweaking a little 00:39:18 bit of improving this goes back 00:39:20 thousands of years you can find this in 00:39:23 Aristotle's deoria and I've talked about 00:39:26 it in a video called Aristotle's nuclear 00:39:29 alphabet if you want to know more about 00:39:30 just how old this principle is so you 00:39:34 need to follow those orders and then you 00:39:37 solve all your problems because a lot of 00:39:38 people will say well how do I extend a 00:39:41 Memory Palace can I alter a Memory 00:39:43 Palace can I change its size dimensions 00:39:46 can I extend its size all this stuff 00:39:48 right well if you develop them optimally 00:39:50 in the first place and you use recall 00:39:52 rehearsal to get the information into 00:39:54 long-term memory extending A Memory 00:39:56 Palace should never be needed and plus 00:39:59 you'll have a Memory Palace for every 00:40:00 letter of the alphabet and then you'll 00:40:01 have another Memory Palace Network again 00:40:05 based on the letters of the so in other 00:40:07 words you'll have two memory palaces for 00:40:09 a eventually if not three if not four 00:40:12 Etc and you just don't have to extend 00:40:16 any individual Memory Palace because the 00:40:18 whole point is to use it to get the 00:40:20 information into longterm memory now 00:40:21 there's a principle called compounding 00:40:23 which is if you have memories 00:40:24 established you can add on details so 00:40:28 let's say I've got an antio dromia set 00:40:31 up I remember that it's in a particular 00:40:33 Memory Palace and then I want to add on 00:40:35 some facts about Carl Young and connect 00:40:38 it to another one of his cool words like 00:40:42 cryptomnesia right well I can compound 00:40:44 that on in the original Memory Palace 00:40:46 but I should be just as capable of 00:40:49 making a new memory Palace or using a 00:40:51 pre-assigned Memory Palace and then just 00:40:54 adding on this relationship shouldn't 00:40:56 have to go back back to the original 00:40:58 Memory Palace shouldn't have to extend 00:41:01 the original Memory Palace I shouldn't 00:41:02 have to connect one Memory Palace to 00:41:04 another in ways that don't actually 00:41:06 reflect the reality of those spaces you 00:41:09 certainly can but it shouldn't be 00:41:11 necessary because the new information 00:41:12 can just be memorized new and here's the 00:41:15 beauty of it all you sometimes just 00:41:18 remember it because you've already 00:41:20 established this core piece of 00:41:22 information in your long-term memory and 00:41:25 if you want to not have any risk at all 00:41:28 you just grab one of your memory palaces 00:41:30 and you weave it into space and then you 00:41:33 use recall rehearsal to get the 00:41:36 information into long-term memory so you 00:41:38 don't have to worry about overcrowded 00:41:40 memory palaces you don't have to worry 00:41:41 about overpacking your memory palaces at 00:41:43 the end of the day although that is 00:41:45 bound to happen if you're a serious user 00:41:48 the real key is to have as many memory 00:41:50 palaces as possible to prevent these 00:41:53 issues from ever happening in the first 00:41:55 place and then when they do happen you 00:41:57 can correct course and just say oh wow 00:42:00 I'm really getting scarcity mindset here 00:42:02 I'm trying to put too much stuff in this 00:42:04 one place I'll just move this into 00:42:06 another Memory Palace using the 00:42:08 alphabetical method drawing upon other 00:42:12 places that I have established so I've 00:42:14 really wanted to focus our minds on just 00:42:18 using the marry Palace almost purely 00:42:20 logically but there are some other ways 00:42:23 that you can play around with this and 00:42:26 they really ultimately come down to Cave 00:42:27 cogs so one thing you can do for example 00:42:30 is Imagine riding physically onto the 00:42:34 walls of your memory palaces aquinus 00:42:36 suggests this based on the wax tablet 00:42:39 metaphor of memory that we see in 00:42:42 Aristotle Plato Etc and I found that 00:42:47 that is just an additional amount of 00:42:49 cognitive effort that isn't necessary I 00:42:52 like to float my associations so they're 00:42:55 not physically connected to the walls or 00:42:58 the floor or the ceiling of the memory 00:43:00 palaces and this approach gives more 00:43:03 breathing room in my experience to each 00:43:06 and every image now sometimes they may 00:43:08 be connected so when I think about an 00:43:11 anoia and Ant-Man he's kind of in a 00:43:15 recliner he's connected to the station 00:43:18 by virtue of the fact that there is a 00:43:20 recliner in the location that I used but 00:43:24 if there was nothing there I would just 00:43:27 float the image in space and not have 00:43:30 any special need for connection so I 00:43:32 will use the physical space if that it 00:43:35 lends itself to what I'm doing but not 00:43:38 if I'm worried that that chair might 00:43:40 move the recliner moving just not use it 00:43:43 at all or just remember the core 00:43:47 information through recall rehearsal so 00:43:48 it's not an issue right because I never 00:43:50 want to have to go back to a Memory 00:43:51 Palace to recall that word ever again I 00:43:53 want it in long-term memory so you can 00:43:57 get really into connections but I think 00:44:00 the ideal the nepu ultra if you will is 00:44:04 to not have connections at all unless 00:44:06 they're just happening happening 00:44:07 naturally due to the way the Memory 00:44:09 Palace is another thing that we should 00:44:11 talk about is people ask well how can I 00:44:13 clean out a Memory Palace I used to do 00:44:15 this a lot I'd get a broom sweeping out 00:44:16 the associations I'd get the mops that 00:44:19 Mickey Mouse has in Fantasia and have 00:44:21 them washing out memory pales this 00:44:24 really just seemed ultimately to me to 00:44:27 be a waste of time relative to just 00:44:30 having multiple memory palaces using 00:44:32 them with recall rehearsal to get the 00:44:34 information into long-term memory and 00:44:35 then going on to more memory palaces 00:44:37 there's so much space in the world the 00:44:40 key is to really make sure that you're 00:44:45 doing the art of memory in a way that 00:44:46 works for you so there's lots of advice 00:44:49 out there from all kinds of people and 00:44:52 you want to explore but try to make sure 00:44:54 that whatever you're exploring you 00:44:55 explore for long enough without muddying 00:44:58 the water of other people's ideas to get 00:45:00 a sense of one person's style so if you 00:45:03 pick this set of suggestions stick with 00:45:06 it for at least 90 days so your brain 00:45:08 can formulate the neuronal connections 00:45:11 that will help you really understand it 00:45:13 start wherever you are now and 00:45:16 understand that if you keep moving 00:45:19 around from this or that teacher and 00:45:21 getting shiny objects distracting you 00:45:24 over and over and over again you're 00:45:25 going to interrupt the for of any skill 00:45:28 by all means study this technique from 00:45:30 all the people you can find that's what 00:45:31 I did but I stuck with one approach for 00:45:36 long enough to really feel what that 00:45:38 individual was talking about then I 00:45:41 added different ideas and worked with 00:45:43 those there's a key example I can share 00:45:46 with you about this I did this for years 00:45:49 and years and years and I came across 00:45:50 one idea from Ron White we talked about 00:45:53 it in our discussion which you can watch 00:45:55 on my channel and listen to on the audio 00:45:58 magnetic marry method podcast and then I 00:46:02 just stuck with his Association or his 00:46:04 way of dealing with numbers relative to 00:46:07 having a body a number-based body Memory 00:46:09 Palace and I've been using it ever since 00:46:12 but I I paid the due diligence so to 00:46:14 speak by actually not doing anything 00:46:17 else for enough time to nail it to make 00:46:21 it really really useful and that's what 00:46:24 I suggest that you do too so it's not an 00:46:27 ego thing where I'm saying hey if you're 00:46:29 going to do my training stick with it 00:46:30 for at least 90 days it's a 00:46:32 neuroscientific thing and it's welln 00:46:35 it's well established in all kinds of 00:46:36 Science and I practice it myself not 00:46:38 just in memory but also in meditation 00:46:41 when I came across the Gary Weber 00:46:43 approach to memory based meditation 00:46:45 memorizing Sanskrit I stuck with it 00:46:48 before I started to bring in other ideas 00:46:51 in order to allow myself to really feel 00:46:53 it and knowing what I know about how 00:46:55 memory formation Works relative to Habit 00:46:57 formation letting that time build a 00:47:01 foundation before adding the next strata 00:47:04 on top of it so that the next technique 00:47:08 had a foundation to settle upon right 00:47:12 this is going to be so much better for 00:47:15 you over the long term even if it's a 00:47:18 bit of a sacrifice in the short term you 00:47:21 will ultimately benefit more from other 00:47:24 teachings precisely because you have a 00:47:26 foundation upon which to base the other 00:47:29 teachings so go nuts but always always 00:47:33 always keep this in mind it's been so 00:47:35 useful for me I hope it'll be useful for 00:47:37 you and the other thing about this that 00:47:40 I think is really really important to 00:47:42 understand and to allow yourself to 00:47:44 absorb deeply is the principle in memory 00:47:48 science of context dependence or state 00:47:51 dependent memory and get to that in a 00:47:53 second but thank you for being here 00:47:55 thanks for hitting that thumbs up thanks 00:47:56 for getting sub subscribed if you're new 00:47:58 here leaving your comments sharing this 00:48:00 around and if you'd like to go even 00:48:02 further into some of the issues around 00:48:04 the Memory Palace technique as such but 00:48:06 also in terms of reusing memory palaces 00:48:09 and using memory palaces specifically 00:48:11 for studying things like languages and 00:48:13 so forth make sure to go to Magnetic 00:48:16 method.com YT I've got four videos there 00:48:19 that are going to take you deeper into 00:48:21 the fundamentals of creating well-formed 00:48:23 memory palaces there's more examples 00:48:25 from students PDF worksheets that you 00:48:27 can complete that make everything faster 00:48:29 for you at magnetic method.com 00:48:33 YT now here's the thing and is you can't 00:48:37 always use this but when you can it is 00:48:39 so wonderful and Powerful to do if 00:48:43 you're going to have an exam and you can 00:48:45 find out where that exam is taking place 00:48:48 use that room as one of your memory 00:48:50 palaces for the 00:48:52 exam because this will give you better 00:48:55 context dependent memory you're going to 00:48:58 be in the space that you used your 00:49:00 memory Palace for now again it's not 00:49:02 always possible but there's also the 00:49:05 alternative which I used a lot when I 00:49:07 was at York University and I used it 00:49:10 again when I did a ma in Switzerland is 00:49:13 to use the campus use the area where 00:49:16 you're studying as a Memory Palace so 00:49:17 it's close enough so even if you can't 00:49:20 use the room where you're taking an exam 00:49:22 as your memory Palace you can use the 00:49:24 surrounding area which will give you a 00:49:26 little bit of that context dependence or 00:49:28 state dependent memory you will be in 00:49:30 the context of where you need to recall 00:49:34 the information you'll be in the state 00:49:36 and that will give you an extra boost of 00:49:38 recall I don't know exactly why it works 00:49:41 but I think it works probably just quite 00:49:43 in a common sense way you're in the 00:49:45 context you're in that state but the 00:49:48 trick still is to master the 00:49:49 fundamentals first so that you enjoy 00:49:52 smooth sailing with all of the five 00:49:55 pneumonic systems and that you're able 00:49:58 to use them as if they were just one 00:50:00 move even though they are built from 00:50:02 several moves sharpen that axe study the 00:50:06 individual moves of chopping the axe and 00:50:09 you will be able to cut down the forest 00:50:10 of anything you need to study in minimal 00:50:13 time with minimal effort and maximum 00:50:16 results that's what the magnetic mry 00:50:18 method is all about thanks for joining 00:50:20 me I hope you found this useful I hope 00:50:21 you had it as fun to go through as I had 00:50:23 fun making it for you get subscribed if 00:50:26 you're not already hit that thumbs up 00:50:28 and until we have a chance to speak
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*Unlocking Memory and Creativity with Mind Mapping* * *0:00 Introduction to Mind Mapping:* Mind mapping is a simple system that maximizes comprehension, memory, and recall by organizing information around a central concept. * *0:01 Key Mind Mapping Principles:* Mind maps involve a central idea with related sub-ideas radiating from it, often in a circular format. This structure enhances understanding and memorization. * *0:01 Traditional Mind Mapping:* The speaker uses ancient historical contexts such as Leonardo DaVinci, Ross Quillian, and Tony Buzan to help provide context for those interested in understanding the background of traditional mind mapping. * *0:03 Tony Buzan's Influence:* Tony Buzan, a psychologist, popularized mind mapping with his emphasis on central images and radiating associations. He believed mind mapping enhances mental abilities. * *0:04 Color and Flow:* Early mind maps often lack color and flow, hindering their effectiveness. The speaker found that adding color and flow to mind maps made them more engaging and useful. * *0:04 Benefits of Mind Mapping:* Mind mapping aids in scripting videos, organizing ideas, and enhancing presentations. * *0:05 Memorization Techniques:* Memorization involves connecting new information to existing knowledge, as demonstrated by the Greek tradition. * *0:06 Active Learning:* Active learning involves creating mind maps by hand and personalizing them with images to improve recall and engagement. * *0:07 Personalization:* Personalized mind maps are more effective because they resonate with the individual's unique perspective. * *0:07 Scientific Basis:* Scientific experiments show that personalization and variety in learning enhance memorization. * *0:07 Mind Mapping for Storytelling:* Mind mapping can be used for creating stories, novels, and developing characters by organizing plot points, character motivations, and themes. * *0:11 Importance of Color:* The speaker uses three colors in their mind maps to help put pressure on the mind when radiating ideas from the center topic, allowing their mind to come back to the topic with focus. * *0:11 Mind Mapping and Problem-Solving:* Mind mapping enhances focus and concentration, enabling quicker problem-solving and decision-making. * *0:14 Software Independence:* Mind mapping doesn't require software, allowing for offline idea generation and problem-solving. * *0:15 Roger Sperry's Research:* Dr. Roger Sperry's research suggests that mind mapping engages multiple parts of the brain, enhancing cognitive function. * *0:17 Contrasting Mind Mapping Models:* Experimenting with different models allows for a diverse pattern that fits naturally. * *0:18 Whole Brain Activation:* Mind maps activate both hemispheres of the brain, improving comprehension and understanding. * *0:19 Setting a Goal for Mind Mapping:* When creating a mind map, start with a specific goal, whether it's understanding something, telling a story, or memorizing information. * *0:19 Techniques for Memorization:* For memorization, create a 12-hour clock face mind map with 12 words related to a topic, using colors to enhance memory. * *0:22 Maximizing Digital Spaces:* Unlike physical maps, digital maps offer potentially unlimited space, allowing for more detailed organization. * *0:22 Value of Limits:* Imposing limits in mind mapping can enhance creativity and focus. * *0:24 Adhering to Rules:* Find a framework and follow the rules suggested by Tony Buzan to avoid getting stuck. * *0:25 The 90-Day Rule:* Commit to practicing mind mapping for at least 90 days to form a habit and experience its benefits. * *0:27 Overcoming Self-Doubt:* Addressing the self doubt of their viewers that they may have had to make it easier to use, create, and experiment mind maps. * *0:27 Visual Reminders:* Creating mind maps that can be referred to visually helps remind and focus on your goals. * *0:28 Gaining Confidence:* Mind mapping, combined with memory journals, can help build confidence and clarity. I used gemini-2.0-flash-exp| input-price: 0.1 output-price: 0.4 max-context-length: 128_000 on rocketrecap dot com to summarize the transcript. Cost (if I didn't use the free tier): $0.50 Input tokens: 17118 Output tokens: 881
Unlocking Memory and Creativity with Mind Mapping
Below, I will provide input for an example video (comprising of title, description, and transcript, in this order) and the corresponding summary I expect. Afterward, I will provide a new transcript that I want you to summarize in the same format. **Please summarize the transcript in a self-contained bullet list format.** Include starting timestamps, important details and key takeaways. Example Input: Fluidigm Polaris Part 2- illuminator and camera mikeselectricstuff 131K subscribers Subscribed 369 Share Download Clip Save 5,857 views Aug 26, 2024 Fluidigm Polaris part 1 : • Fluidigm Polaris (Part 1) - Biotech g... Ebay listings: https://www.ebay.co.uk/usr/mikeselect... Merch https://mikeselectricstuff.creator-sp... Transcript Follow along using the transcript. Show transcript mikeselectricstuff 131K subscribers Videos About Support on Patreon 40 Comments @robertwatsonbath 6 hours ago Thanks Mike. Ooof! - with the level of bodgery going on around 15:48 I think shame would have made me do a board re spin, out of my own pocket if I had to. 1 Reply @Muonium1 9 hours ago The green LED looks different from the others and uses phosphor conversion because of the "green gap" problem where green InGaN emitters suffer efficiency droop at high currents. Phosphide based emitters don't start becoming efficient until around 600nm so also can't be used for high power green emitters. See the paper and plot by Matthias Auf der Maur in his 2015 paper on alloy fluctuations in InGaN as the cause of reduced external quantum efficiency at longer (green) wavelengths. 4 Reply 1 reply @tafsirnahian669 10 hours ago (edited) Can this be used as an astrophotography camera? Reply mikeselectricstuff · 1 reply @mikeselectricstuff 6 hours ago Yes, but may need a shutter to avoid light during readout Reply @2010craggy 11 hours ago Narrowband filters we use in Astronomy (Astrophotography) are sided- they work best passing light in one direction so I guess the arrows on the filter frames indicate which way round to install them in the filter wheel. 1 Reply @vitukz 12 hours ago A mate with Channel @extractions&ire could use it 2 Reply @RobertGallop 19 hours ago That LED module says it can go up to 28 amps!!! 21 amps for 100%. You should see what it does at 20 amps! Reply @Prophes0r 19 hours ago I had an "Oh SHIT!" moment when I realized that the weird trapezoidal shape of that light guide was for keystone correction of the light source. Very clever. 6 Reply @OneBiOzZ 20 hours ago given the cost of the CCD you think they could have run another PCB for it 9 Reply @tekvax01 21 hours ago $20 thousand dollars per minute of run time! 1 Reply @tekvax01 22 hours ago "We spared no expense!" John Hammond Jurassic Park. *(that's why this thing costs the same as a 50-seat Greyhound Bus coach!) Reply @florianf4257 22 hours ago The smearing on the image could be due to the fact that you don't use a shutter, so you see brighter stripes under bright areas of the image as you still iluminate these pixels while the sensor data ist shifted out towards the top. I experienced this effect back at university with a LN-Cooled CCD for Spectroscopy. The stripes disapeared as soon as you used the shutter instead of disabling it in the open position (but fokussing at 100ms integration time and continuous readout with a focal plane shutter isn't much fun). 12 Reply mikeselectricstuff · 1 reply @mikeselectricstuff 12 hours ago I didn't think of that, but makes sense 2 Reply @douro20 22 hours ago (edited) The red LED reminds me of one from Roithner Lasertechnik. I have a Symbol 2D scanner which uses two very bright LEDs from that company, one red and one red-orange. The red-orange is behind a lens which focuses it into an extremely narrow beam. 1 Reply @RicoElectrico 23 hours ago PFG is Pulse Flush Gate according to the datasheet. Reply @dcallan812 23 hours ago Very interesting. 2x Reply @littleboot_ 1 day ago Cool interesting device Reply @dav1dbone 1 day ago I've stripped large projectors, looks similar, wonder if some of those castings are a magnesium alloy? Reply @kevywevvy8833 1 day ago ironic that some of those Phlatlight modules are used in some of the cheapest disco lights. 1 Reply 1 reply @bill6255 1 day ago Great vid - gets right into subject in title, its packed with information, wraps up quickly. Should get a YT award! imho 3 Reply @JAKOB1977 1 day ago (edited) The whole sensor module incl. a 5 grand 50mpix sensor for 49 £.. highest bid atm Though also a limited CCD sensor, but for the right buyer its a steal at these relative low sums. Architecture Full Frame CCD (Square Pixels) Total Number of Pixels 8304 (H) × 6220 (V) = 51.6 Mp Number of Effective Pixels 8208 (H) × 6164 (V) = 50.5 Mp Number of Active Pixels 8176 (H) × 6132 (V) = 50.1 Mp Pixel Size 6.0 m (H) × 6.0 m (V) Active Image Size 49.1 mm (H) × 36.8 mm (V) 61.3 mm (Diagonal), 645 1.1x Optical Format Aspect Ratio 4:3 Horizontal Outputs 4 Saturation Signal 40.3 ke− Output Sensitivity 31 V/e− Quantum Efficiency KAF−50100−CAA KAF−50100−AAA KAF−50100−ABA (with Lens) 22%, 22%, 16% (Peak R, G, B) 25% 62% Read Noise (f = 18 MHz) 12.5 e− Dark Signal (T = 60°C) 42 pA/cm2 Dark Current Doubling Temperature 5.7°C Dynamic Range (f = 18 MHz) 70.2 dB Estimated Linear Dynamic Range (f = 18 MHz) 69.3 dB Charge Transfer Efficiency Horizontal Vertical 0.999995 0.999999 Blooming Protection (4 ms Exposure Time) 800X Saturation Exposure Maximum Date Rate 18 MHz Package Ceramic PGA Cover Glass MAR Coated, 2 Sides or Clear Glass Features • TRUESENSE Transparent Gate Electrode for High Sensitivity • Ultra-High Resolution • Board Dynamic Range • Low Noise Architecture • Large Active Imaging Area Applications • Digitization • Mapping/Aerial • Photography • Scientific Thx for the tear down Mike, always a joy Reply @martinalooksatthings 1 day ago 15:49 that is some great bodging on of caps, they really didn't want to respin that PCB huh 8 Reply @RhythmGamer 1 day ago Was depressed today and then a new mike video dropped and now I’m genuinely happy to get my tear down fix 1 Reply @dine9093 1 day ago (edited) Did you transfrom into Mr Blobby for a moment there? 2 Reply @NickNorton 1 day ago Thanks Mike. Your videos are always interesting. 5 Reply @KeritechElectronics 1 day ago Heavy optics indeed... Spare no expense, cost no object. Splendid build quality. The CCD is a thing of beauty! 1 Reply @YSoreil 1 day ago The pricing on that sensor is about right, I looked in to these many years ago when they were still in production since it's the only large sensor you could actually buy. Really cool to see one in the wild. 2 Reply @snik2pl 1 day ago That leds look like from led projector Reply @vincei4252 1 day ago TDI = Time Domain Integration ? 1 Reply @wolpumba4099 1 day ago (edited) Maybe the camera should not be illuminated during readout. From the datasheet of the sensor (Onsemi): saturation 40300 electrons, read noise 12.5 electrons per pixel @ 18MHz (quite bad). quantum efficiency 62% (if it has micro lenses), frame rate 1 Hz. lateral overflow drain to prevent blooming protects against 800x (factor increases linearly with exposure time) saturation exposure (32e6 electrons per pixel at 4ms exposure time), microlens has +/- 20 degree acceptance angle i guess it would be good for astrophotography 4 Reply @txm100 1 day ago (edited) Babe wake up a new mikeselectricstuff has dropped! 9 Reply @vincei4252 1 day ago That looks like a finger-lakes filter wheel, however, for astronomy they'd never use such a large stepper. 1 Reply @MRooodddvvv 1 day ago yaaaaay ! more overcomplicated optical stuff ! 4 Reply 1 reply @NoPegs 1 day ago He lives! 11 Reply 1 reply Transcript 0:00 so I've stripped all the bits of the 0:01 optical system so basically we've got 0:03 the uh the camera 0:05 itself which is mounted on this uh very 0:09 complex 0:10 adjustment thing which obviously to set 0:13 you the various tilt and uh alignment 0:15 stuff then there's two of these massive 0:18 lenses I've taken one of these apart I 0:20 think there's something like about eight 0:22 or nine Optical elements in here these 0:25 don't seem to do a great deal in terms 0:26 of electr magnification they're obiously 0:28 just about getting the image to where it 0:29 uh where it needs to be just so that 0:33 goes like that then this Optical block I 0:36 originally thought this was made of some 0:37 s crazy heavy material but it's just 0:39 really the sum of all these Optical bits 0:41 are just ridiculously heavy those lenses 0:43 are about 4 kilos each and then there's 0:45 this very heavy very solid um piece that 0:47 goes in the middle and this is so this 0:49 is the filter wheel assembly with a 0:51 hilariously oversized steper 0:53 motor driving this wheel with these very 0:57 large narrow band filters so we've got 1:00 various different shades of uh 1:03 filters there five Al together that 1:06 one's actually just showing up a silver 1:07 that's actually a a red but fairly low 1:10 transmission orangey red blue green 1:15 there's an excess cover on this side so 1:16 the filters can be accessed and changed 1:19 without taking anything else apart even 1:21 this is like ridiculous it's like solid 1:23 aluminium this is just basically a cover 1:25 the actual wavelengths of these are um 1:27 488 525 570 630 and 700 NM not sure what 1:32 the suffix on that perhaps that's the uh 1:34 the width of the spectral line say these 1:37 are very narrow band filters most of 1:39 them are you very little light through 1:41 so it's still very tight narrow band to 1:43 match the um fluoresence of the dies 1:45 they're using in the biochemical process 1:48 and obviously to reject the light that's 1:49 being fired at it from that Illuminator 1:51 box and then there's a there's a second 1:53 one of these lenses then the actual sort 1:55 of samples below that so uh very serious 1:58 amount of very uh chunky heavy Optics 2:01 okay let's take a look at this light 2:02 source made by company Lumen Dynamics 2:04 who are now part of 2:06 excelitas self-contained unit power 2:08 connector USB and this which one of the 2:11 Cable Bundle said was a TTL interface 2:14 USB wasn't used in uh the fluid 2:17 application output here and I think this 2:19 is an input for um light feedback I 2:21 don't if it's regulated or just a measur 2:23 measurement facility and the uh fiber 2:27 assembly 2:29 Square Inlet there and then there's two 2:32 outputs which have uh lens assemblies 2:35 and this small one which goes back into 2:37 that small Port just Loops out of here 2:40 straight back in So on this side we've 2:42 got the electronics which look pretty 2:44 straightforward we've got a bit of power 2:45 supply stuff over here and we've got 2:48 separate drivers for each wavelength now 2:50 interesting this is clearly been very 2:52 specifically made for this application 2:54 you I was half expecting like say some 2:56 generic drivers that could be used for a 2:58 number of different things but actually 3:00 literally specified the exact wavelength 3:02 on the PCB there is provision here for 3:04 385 NM which isn't populated but this is 3:07 clearly been designed very specifically 3:09 so these four drivers look the same but 3:10 then there's two higher power ones for 3:12 575 and 3:14 520 a slightly bigger heat sink on this 3:16 575 section there a p 24 which is 3:20 providing USB interface USB isolator the 3:23 USB interface just presents as a comport 3:26 I did have a quick look but I didn't 3:27 actually get anything sensible um I did 3:29 dump the Pi code out and there's a few 3:31 you a few sort of commands that you 3:32 could see in text but I didn't actually 3:34 manage to get it working properly I 3:36 found some software for related version 3:38 but it didn't seem to want to talk to it 3:39 but um I say that wasn't used for the 3:41 original application it might be quite 3:42 interesting to get try and get the Run 3:44 hours count out of it and the TTL 3:46 interface looks fairly straightforward 3:48 we've got positions for six opto 3:50 isolators but only five five are 3:52 installed so that corresponds with the 3:54 unused thing so I think this hopefully 3:56 should be as simple as just providing a 3:57 ttrl signal for each color to uh enable 4:00 it a big heat sink here which is there I 4:03 think there's like a big S of metal 4:04 plate through the middle of this that 4:05 all the leads are mounted on the other 4:07 side so this is heat sinking it with a 4:09 air flow from a uh just a fan in here 4:13 obviously don't have the air flow 4:14 anywhere near the Optics so conduction 4:17 cool through to this plate that's then 4:18 uh air cooled got some pots which are 4:21 presumably power 4:22 adjustments okay let's take a look at 4:24 the other side which is uh much more 4:27 interesting see we've got some uh very 4:31 uh neatly Twisted cable assemblies there 4:35 a bunch of leads so we've got one here 4:37 475 up here 430 NM 630 575 and 520 4:44 filters and dcro mirrors a quick way to 4:48 see what's white is if we just shine 4:49 some white light through 4:51 here not sure how it is is to see on the 4:54 camera but shining white light we do 4:55 actually get a bit of red a bit of blue 4:57 some yellow here so the obstacle path 5:00 575 it goes sort of here bounces off 5:03 this mirror and goes out the 520 goes 5:07 sort of down here across here and up 5:09 there 630 goes basically straight 5:13 through 5:15 430 goes across there down there along 5:17 there and the 475 goes down here and 5:20 left this is the light sensing thing 5:22 think here there's just a um I think 5:24 there a photo diode or other sensor 5:26 haven't actually taken that off and 5:28 everything's fixed down to this chunk of 5:31 aluminium which acts as the heat 5:32 spreader that then conducts the heat to 5:33 the back side for the heat 5:35 sink and the actual lead packages all 5:38 look fairly similar except for this one 5:41 on the 575 which looks quite a bit more 5:44 substantial big spay 5:46 Terminals and the interface for this 5:48 turned out to be extremely simple it's 5:50 literally a 5V TTL level to enable each 5:54 color doesn't seem to be any tensity 5:56 control but there are some additional 5:58 pins on that connector that weren't used 5:59 in the through time thing so maybe 6:01 there's some extra lines that control 6:02 that I couldn't find any data on this uh 6:05 unit and the um their current product 6:07 range is quite significantly different 6:09 so we've got the uh blue these 6:13 might may well be saturating the camera 6:16 so they might look a bit weird so that's 6:17 the 430 6:18 blue the 575 6:24 yellow uh 6:26 475 light blue 6:29 the uh 520 6:31 green and the uh 630 red now one 6:36 interesting thing I noticed for the 6:39 575 it's actually it's actually using a 6:42 white lead and then filtering it rather 6:44 than using all the other ones are using 6:46 leads which are the fundamental colors 6:47 but uh this is actually doing white and 6:50 it's a combination of this filter and 6:52 the dichroic mirrors that are turning to 6:55 Yellow if we take the filter out and a 6:57 lot of the a lot of the um blue content 7:00 is going this way the red is going 7:02 straight through these two mirrors so 7:05 this is clearly not reflecting much of 7:08 that so we end up with the yellow coming 7:10 out of uh out of there which is a fairly 7:14 light yellow color which you don't 7:16 really see from high intensity leads so 7:19 that's clearly why they've used the 7:20 white to uh do this power consumption of 7:23 the white is pretty high so going up to 7:25 about 2 and 1 half amps on that color 7:27 whereas most of the other colors are 7:28 only drawing half an amp or so at 24 7:30 volts the uh the green is up to about 7:32 1.2 but say this thing is uh much 7:35 brighter and if you actually run all the 7:38 colors at the same time you get a fairly 7:41 reasonable um looking white coming out 7:43 of it and one thing you might just be 7:45 out to notice is there is some sort 7:46 color banding around here that's not 7:49 getting uh everything s completely 7:51 concentric and I think that's where this 7:53 fiber optic thing comes 7:58 in I'll 8:00 get a couple of Fairly accurately shaped 8:04 very sort of uniform color and looking 8:06 at What's um inside here we've basically 8:09 just got this Square Rod so this is 8:12 clearly yeah the lights just bouncing 8:13 off all the all the various sides to um 8:16 get a nice uniform illumination uh this 8:19 back bit looks like it's all potted so 8:21 nothing I really do to get in there I 8:24 think this is fiber so I have come 8:26 across um cables like this which are 8:27 liquid fill but just looking through the 8:30 end of this it's probably a bit hard to 8:31 see it does look like there fiber ends 8:34 going going on there and so there's this 8:36 feedback thing which is just obviously 8:39 compensating for the any light losses 8:41 through here to get an accurate 8:43 representation of uh the light that's 8:45 been launched out of these two 8:47 fibers and you see uh 8:49 these have got this sort of trapezium 8:54 shape light guides again it's like a 8:56 sort of acrylic or glass light guide 9:00 guess projected just to make the right 9:03 rectangular 9:04 shape and look at this Center assembly 9:07 um the light output doesn't uh change 9:10 whether you feed this in or not so it's 9:11 clear not doing any internal Clos Loop 9:14 control obviously there may well be some 9:16 facility for it to do that but it's not 9:17 being used in this 9:19 application and so this output just 9:21 produces a voltage on the uh outle 9:24 connector proportional to the amount of 9:26 light that's present so there's a little 9:28 diffuser in the back there 9:30 and then there's just some kind of uh 9:33 Optical sensor looks like a 9:35 chip looking at the lead it's a very 9:37 small package on the PCB with this lens 9:40 assembly over the top and these look 9:43 like they're actually on a copper 9:44 Metalized PCB for maximum thermal 9:47 performance and yeah it's a very small 9:49 package looks like it's a ceramic 9:51 package and there's a thermister there 9:53 for temperature monitoring this is the 9:56 475 blue one this is the 520 need to 9:59 Green which is uh rather different OB 10:02 it's a much bigger D with lots of bond 10:04 wise but also this looks like it's using 10:05 a phosphor if I shine a blue light at it 10:08 lights up green so this is actually a 10:10 phosphor conversion green lead which 10:12 I've I've come across before they want 10:15 that specific wavelength so they may be 10:17 easier to tune a phosphor than tune the 10:20 um semiconductor material to get the uh 10:23 right right wavelength from the lead 10:24 directly uh red 630 similar size to the 10:28 blue one or does seem to have a uh a 10:31 lens on top of it there is a sort of red 10:33 coloring to 10:35 the die but that doesn't appear to be 10:38 fluorescent as far as I can 10:39 tell and the white one again a little 10:41 bit different sort of much higher 10:43 current 10:46 connectors a makeer name on that 10:48 connector flot light not sure if that's 10:52 the connector or the lead 10:54 itself and obviously with the phosphor 10:56 and I'd imagine that phosphor may well 10:58 be tuned to get the maximum to the uh 5 11:01 cenm and actually this white one looks 11:04 like a St fairly standard product I just 11:06 found it in Mouse made by luminous 11:09 devices in fact actually I think all 11:11 these are based on various luminous 11:13 devices modules and they're you take 11:17 looks like they taking the nearest 11:18 wavelength and then just using these 11:19 filters to clean it up to get a precise 11:22 uh spectral line out of it so quite a 11:25 nice neat and um extreme 11:30 bright light source uh sure I've got any 11:33 particular use for it so I think this 11:35 might end up on 11:36 eBay but uh very pretty to look out and 11:40 without the uh risk of burning your eyes 11:43 out like you do with lasers so I thought 11:45 it would be interesting to try and 11:46 figure out the runtime of this things 11:48 like this we usually keep some sort 11:49 record of runtime cuz leads degrade over 11:51 time I couldn't get any software to work 11:52 through the USB face but then had a 11:54 thought probably going to be writing the 11:55 runtime periodically to the e s prom so 11:58 I just just scope up that and noticed it 12:00 was doing right every 5 minutes so I 12:02 just ran it for a while periodically 12:04 reading the E squ I just held the pick 12:05 in in reset and um put clip over to read 12:07 the square prom and found it was writing 12:10 one location per color every 5 minutes 12:12 so if one color was on it would write 12:14 that location every 5 minutes and just 12:16 increment it by one so after doing a few 12:18 tests with different colors of different 12:19 time periods it looked extremely 12:21 straightforward it's like a four bite 12:22 count for each color looking at the 12:24 original data that was in it all the 12:26 colors apart from Green were reading 12:28 zero and the green was reading four 12:30 indicating a total 20 minutes run time 12:32 ever if it was turned on run for a short 12:34 time then turned off that might not have 12:36 been counted but even so indicates this 12:37 thing wasn't used a great deal the whole 12:40 s process of doing a run can be several 12:42 hours but it'll only be doing probably 12:43 the Imaging at the end of that so you 12:46 wouldn't expect to be running for a long 12:47 time but say a single color for 20 12:50 minutes over its whole lifetime does 12:52 seem a little bit on the low side okay 12:55 let's look at the camera un fortunately 12:57 I managed to not record any sound when I 12:58 did this it's also a couple of months 13:00 ago so there's going to be a few details 13:02 that I've forgotten so I'm just going to 13:04 dub this over the original footage so um 13:07 take the lid off see this massive great 13:10 heat sink so this is a pel cool camera 13:12 we've got this blower fan producing a 13:14 fair amount of air flow through 13:16 it the connector here there's the ccds 13:19 mounted on the board on the 13:24 right this unplugs so we've got a bit of 13:27 power supply stuff on here 13:29 USB interface I think that's the Cyprus 13:32 microcontroller High speeded USB 13:34 interface there's a zyink spon fpga some 13:40 RAM and there's a couple of ATD 13:42 converters can't quite read what those 13:45 those are but anal 13:47 devices um little bit of bodgery around 13:51 here extra decoupling obviously they 13:53 have having some noise issues this is 13:55 around the ram chip quite a lot of extra 13:57 capacitors been added there 13:59 uh there's a couple of amplifiers prior 14:01 to the HD converter buffers or Andor 14:05 amplifiers taking the CCD 14:08 signal um bit more power spy stuff here 14:11 this is probably all to do with 14:12 generating the various CCD bias voltages 14:14 they uh need quite a lot of exotic 14:18 voltages next board down is just a 14:20 shield and an interconnect 14:24 boardly shielding the power supply stuff 14:26 from some the more sensitive an log 14:28 stuff 14:31 and this is the bottom board which is 14:32 just all power supply 14:34 stuff as you can see tons of capacitors 14:37 or Transformer in 14:42 there and this is the CCD which is a uh 14:47 very impressive thing this is a kf50 100 14:50 originally by true sense then codec 14:53 there ON 14:54 Semiconductor it's 50 megapixels uh the 14:58 only price I could find was this one 15:00 5,000 bucks and the architecture you can 15:03 see there actually two separate halves 15:04 which explains the Dual AZ converters 15:06 and two amplifiers it's literally split 15:08 down the middle and duplicated so it's 15:10 outputting two streams in parallel just 15:13 to keep the bandwidth sensible and it's 15:15 got this amazing um diffraction effects 15:18 it's got micro lenses over the pixel so 15:20 there's there's a bit more Optics going 15:22 on than on a normal 15:25 sensor few more bodges on the CCD board 15:28 including this wire which isn't really 15:29 tacked down very well which is a bit uh 15:32 bit of a mess quite a few bits around 15:34 this board where they've uh tacked 15:36 various bits on which is not super 15:38 impressive looks like CCD drivers on the 15:40 left with those 3 ohm um damping 15:43 resistors on the 15:47 output get a few more little bodges 15:50 around here some of 15:52 the and there's this separator the 15:54 silica gel to keep the moisture down but 15:56 there's this separator that actually 15:58 appears to be cut from piece of 15:59 antistatic 16:04 bag and this sort of thermal block on 16:06 top of this stack of three pel Cola 16:12 modules so as with any Stacks they get 16:16 um larger as they go back towards the 16:18 heat sink because each P's got to not 16:20 only take the heat from the previous but 16:21 also the waste heat which is quite 16:27 significant you see a little temperature 16:29 sensor here that copper block which 16:32 makes contact with the back of the 16:37 CCD and this's the back of the 16:40 pelas this then contacts the heat sink 16:44 on the uh rear there a few thermal pads 16:46 as well for some of the other power 16:47 components on this 16:51 PCB okay I've connected this uh camera 16:54 up I found some drivers on the disc that 16:56 seem to work under Windows 7 couldn't 16:58 get to install under Windows 11 though 17:01 um in the absence of any sort of lens or 17:03 being bothered to the proper amount I've 17:04 just put some f over it and put a little 17:06 pin in there to make a pinhole lens and 17:08 software gives a few options I'm not 17:11 entirely sure what all these are there's 17:12 obviously a clock frequency 22 MHz low 17:15 gain and with PFG no idea what that is 17:19 something something game programmable 17:20 Something game perhaps ver exposure 17:23 types I think focus is just like a 17:25 continuous grab until you tell it to 17:27 stop not entirely sure all these options 17:30 are obviously exposure time uh triggers 17:33 there ex external hardware trigger inut 17:35 you just trigger using a um thing on 17:37 screen so the resolution is 8176 by 17:40 6132 and you can actually bin those 17:42 where you combine multiple pixels to get 17:46 increased gain at the expense of lower 17:48 resolution down this is a 10sec exposure 17:51 obviously of the pin hole it's very uh 17:53 intensitive so we just stand still now 17:56 downloading it there's the uh exposure 17:59 so when it's 18:01 um there's a little status thing down 18:03 here so that tells you the um exposure 18:07 [Applause] 18:09 time it's this is just it 18:15 downloading um it is quite I'm seeing 18:18 quite a lot like smearing I think that I 18:20 don't know whether that's just due to 18:21 pixels overloading or something else I 18:24 mean yeah it's not it's not um out of 18:26 the question that there's something not 18:27 totally right about this camera 18:28 certainly was bodge wise on there um I 18:31 don't I'd imagine a camera like this 18:32 it's got a fairly narrow range of 18:34 intensities that it's happy with I'm not 18:36 going to spend a great deal of time on 18:38 this if you're interested in this camera 18:40 maybe for astronomy or something and 18:42 happy to sort of take the risk of it may 18:44 not be uh perfect I'll um I think I'll 18:47 stick this on eBay along with the 18:48 Illuminator I'll put a link down in the 18:50 description to the listing take your 18:52 chances to grab a bargain so for example 18:54 here we see this vertical streaking so 18:56 I'm not sure how normal that is this is 18:58 on fairly bright scene looking out the 19:02 window if I cut the exposure time down 19:04 on that it's now 1 second 19:07 exposure again most of the image 19:09 disappears again this is looks like it's 19:11 possibly over still overloading here go 19:14 that go down to say say quarter a 19:16 second so again I think there might be 19:19 some Auto gain control going on here um 19:21 this is with the PFG option let's try 19:23 turning that off and see what 19:25 happens so I'm not sure this is actually 19:27 more streaking or which just it's 19:29 cranked up the gain all the dis display 19:31 gray scale to show what um you know the 19:33 range of things that it's captured 19:36 there's one of one of 12 things in the 19:38 software there's um you can see of you 19:40 can't seem to read out the temperature 19:42 of the pelta cooler but you can set the 19:44 temperature and if you said it's a 19:46 different temperature you see the power 19:48 consumption jump up running the cooler 19:50 to get the temperature you requested but 19:52 I can't see anything anywhere that tells 19:54 you whether the cool is at the at the 19:56 temperature other than the power 19:57 consumption going down and there's no 19:59 temperature read out 20:03 here and just some yeah this is just 20:05 sort of very basic software I'm sure 20:07 there's like an API for more 20:09 sophisticated 20:10 applications but so if you know anything 20:12 more about these cameras please um stick 20:14 in the 20:15 comments um incidentally when I was 20:18 editing I didn't notice there was a bent 20:19 pin on the um CCD but I did fix that 20:22 before doing these tests and also 20:24 reactivated the um silica gel desicant 20:26 cuz I noticed it was uh I was getting 20:28 bit of condensation on the window but um 20:31 yeah so a couple of uh interesting but 20:34 maybe not particularly uh useful pieces 20:37 of Kit except for someone that's got a 20:38 very specific use so um I'll stick a 20:42 I'll stick these on eBay put a link in 20:44 the description and say hopefully 20:45 someone could actually make some uh good 20:47 use of these things Example Output: **Exploring the Fluidigm Polaris: A Detailed Look at its High-End Optics and Camera System** * **0:00 High-End Optics:** The system utilizes heavy, high-quality lenses and mirrors for precise imaging, weighing around 4 kilos each. * **0:49 Narrow Band Filters:** A filter wheel with five narrow band filters (488, 525, 570, 630, and 700 nm) ensures accurate fluorescence detection and rejection of excitation light. * **2:01 Customizable Illumination:** The Lumen Dynamics light source offers five individually controllable LED wavelengths (430, 475, 520, 575, 630 nm) with varying power outputs. The 575nm yellow LED is uniquely achieved using a white LED with filtering. * **3:45 TTL Control:** The light source is controlled via a simple TTL interface, enabling easy on/off switching for each LED color. * **12:55 Sophisticated Camera:** The system includes a 50-megapixel Kodak KAI-50100 CCD camera with a Peltier cooling system for reduced noise. * **14:54 High-Speed Data Transfer:** The camera features dual analog-to-digital converters to manage the high data throughput of the 50-megapixel sensor, which is effectively two 25-megapixel sensors operating in parallel. * **18:11 Possible Issues:** The video creator noted some potential issues with the camera, including image smearing. * **18:11 Limited Dynamic Range:** The camera's sensor has a limited dynamic range, making it potentially challenging to capture scenes with a wide range of brightness levels. * **11:45 Low Runtime:** Internal data suggests the system has seen minimal usage, with only 20 minutes of recorded runtime for the green LED. * **20:38 Availability on eBay:** Both the illuminator and camera are expected to be listed for sale on eBay. Here is the real transcript. Please summarize it: 00:00:00 and overwhelming way that often led me to 00:00:06 I had produced from my mind until I met a 00:00:11 as passionate about my mapping as I am about 00:00:18 improved rapidly. 00:00:22 non-acting some of the things from one powerful 00:00:28 Dr. 00:00:33 Thanks for joining me to talk about mind mapping, 00:00:37 Can it help you improve your memory, your 00:00:41 yes to all those things, but there's even 00:00:46 And there's even more so if you like all things 00:00:49 learning and remembering as fast as possible, 00:00:54 up and let's go because mind mapping is so 00:01:00 And I know you're going to love some of the 00:01:04 found out along the way. 00:01:07 let's get a definition going. It's a simple 00:01:12 at least on a screen that allows you to maximize 00:01:20 recall the information to do this mind maps 00:01:26 then they elaborate that concept typically 00:01:33 in space. 00:01:37 be in a circular format. But the idea is is 00:01:41 sense of sub ideas coming from a central idea 00:01:48 about what that central idea is and to enhance 00:01:56 Some people credit the very earliest appearance 00:02:01 the philosopher porphyry of rose, what a great 00:02:07 Now, it also shows up in the work of Remo 00:02:10 up with Leonardo DaVinci and it shows up really 00:02:16 how you want to define mind map, because even 00:02:20 movie is a central concept. 00:02:25 with comic book drawings and so forth, they 00:02:30 However, that's not generally what we mean, 00:02:34 like. They are literally a central idea that 00:02:39 structure in order to maximize comprehension 00:02:46 and Ross Quillian took what they were doing 00:02:51 And they produced a thing that they called 00:02:55 Buzan, who I believe was working as a psychological 00:03:00 of having a central image and radiating out 00:03:06 not only into multiple books, but also onto 00:03:12 I believe it was Let's assume that your inner 00:03:17 bad. Tony Suzanne developed his idea through 00:03:24 mind map mastery, which was the final book. 00:03:29 he passed away. Unfortunately, and this has 00:03:34 this wonderful guide to refer to as a way 00:03:41 And he did a masterful job in mind map mastery. 00:03:46 if I can revert to first name basis, cause 00:03:50 of the mind emblem for outstanding contributions 00:03:54 One of his ideas was that mind mapping helped 00:03:59 why the warrior of the mind emblem is a brain 00:04:06 warriors of the mind, which I believe is enabled 00:04:12 And it has certainly helped me. And I doubted 00:04:17 particular rules, it was going to somehow 00:04:21 you could mine maps and Tony's criticism of 00:04:27 when you dig into it because a lot of them 00:04:33 They're devoid of flow. They're devoid of 00:04:37 you both in creating them and then later looking 00:04:43 And that's the problem with my early mindmaps 00:04:46 of color, devoid of flow. 00:04:50 how that I had tried to cram so much stuff 00:04:55 I got a lot more out of both creating them 00:04:59 being able to implement and put the ideas 00:05:04 And in fact, most of my videos ever since 00:05:09 them together, either for scripting them or 00:05:14 from mind maps and using a mind map to help 00:05:19 as presenting from mine maps. 00:05:25 However, you could always have a mind map 00:05:29 to others. 00:05:33 mind map, the problem is, is that we've been 00:05:37 all now. 00:05:41 little wins word by word, by word or phrase 00:05:46 right from ancient Greek from tailies. 00:05:51 and I had to memorize the Greek and I had 00:05:55 opened up so much knowledge because I was 00:05:59 right. 00:06:02 it connects to another thing and it just opens 00:06:06 So really just memorizing anything is the 00:06:11 our first thing here, the Greek tradition. 00:06:16 powerful to know as much as you can about 00:06:21 this here. 00:06:25 teach and field chambers, teach mind mapping 00:06:29 Also from my maps up on the wall, projected 00:06:34 that were created to help teach my mapping. 00:06:38 into that sense of flow. And one thing that 00:06:42 of them with your own hand, which would then 00:06:47 which is a very intense and wonderful form 00:06:53 your mind. 00:06:57 hands because you have to recall that information 00:07:02 learn it a lot faster. 00:07:05 which is part of the science of active learning 00:07:12 your own by including images. 00:07:17 at examples of people's mind maps, they might 00:07:21 that's because they're personalized to the 00:07:26 And we know for many scientific experiments 00:07:29 the faster you're going to be able to learn. 00:07:33 the science of active learning is that it 00:07:37 requires personalization and variety, which 00:07:43 and memory techniques related because in order 00:07:47 they need to have you deeply engaging at a 00:07:51 in order for you to be able to just get more 00:07:58 One of my absolute favorite ways to use my 00:08:01 for creating stories such as novels. 00:08:06 I created, and it has a central image. That 00:08:11 And then the first little tendril here, tributary 00:08:18 the character. And then moving forward, I 00:08:22 out how they're going to work. 00:08:25 my way of expressing to myself. What's haunting 00:08:30 story, there's always something that's haunting 00:08:34 And then I may move through what's the dynamic 00:08:37 person? What is the driving ambition that 00:08:41 What is going to be the dilemma that they 00:08:44 take action on until a crisis happens that 00:08:48 And then they have to have this complete sort 00:08:52 to gather allies, et cetera. 00:08:56 as you know, what the rules apply are the 00:09:00 it all out, really in just 10 or 15 minutes. 00:09:06 ready to sit down. And right now the mind 00:09:09 a book that I'm about to release her. 00:09:13 the audio book now, which took a very long 00:09:16 But if you would like to get a preview of 00:09:20 go to magnetic memory, method.com for slash 00:09:25 of mine, it's not necessarily going to help 00:09:30 to teach you mind mapping, but it's going 00:09:33 memory abilities and his best friend helps 00:09:38 his job. 00:09:41 to him being able to solve the crime and save 00:09:47 Whoops, spoiler alert. Well, that's how most 00:09:50 a sample of that@magneticmemorymethod.com 00:09:54 be involved. 00:09:56 created a game to go with the special launch 00:10:01 people who have the sample first and foremost. 00:10:07 to magnetic memory, method.com for slash and 00:10:11 that helps me not have to have sponsors cause 00:10:16 And I hope you're going to like this book 00:10:18 It's going to show them how a detective who 00:10:23 figure out how to incorporate practice into 00:10:30 the story it starts to switch on. 00:10:35 memory techniques work. And then he's able 00:10:38 that anybody could do within a week or two 00:10:43 So there is verisimilitude in the novel to 00:10:47 If you were that detective and that's what 00:10:52 So again, magnetic memory method.com force 00:10:56 interested so far. I know you've emailed me 00:11:01 And I appreciate that interest to, to spend 00:11:04 I wasn't able to finish recording on schedule. 00:11:09 I might have to rerecord and it's still raining 00:11:13 So if you've been following the news in my 00:11:15 raining a lot and hopefully it won't rain 00:11:21 with so much dirt from the ears. 00:11:25 I hope you're going to love this story. It 00:11:29 map for the SQL. 00:11:32 and it was it, it was able to do that because 00:11:37 So mind mapping for storytelling, perhaps 00:11:41 might want to explore. If you love writing 00:11:46 Now, mind maps also have this incredible power 00:11:50 of course they do because you are isolating 00:11:57 I love to go out and mind map away from the 00:12:01 colors because that's part of the principles 00:12:06 And it really, really helps because what you 00:12:11 said that you should have three colors in 00:12:16 Must it be three? Well, I highly recommend 00:12:19 from doing this. And I generally try to always 00:12:23 And then what I like to do is rotate through 00:12:27 possible. 00:12:30 you know, beholden to them. If you don't have 00:12:35 do a color twice big deal, but just generally, 00:12:39 three colors, switching colors, and so forth. 00:12:44 thinking and why it works so well for me personally, 00:12:50 know that when we put pressure on, and then 00:12:54 to learn and remember more. 00:12:58 we're putting three colors and then we think, 00:13:02 you radiate out from that central idea, well, 00:13:06 Well, this is giving your mind a little bit 00:13:09 you come back to the topic. 00:13:13 on wax off, but it's like pressure on pressure 00:13:18 And this just seems to make the ideas flow 00:13:23 it puts you in a state of flow. 00:13:27 for the central image, and then I'm going 00:13:30 So you're not thinking too much. You're just 00:13:35 you proceed through the colors. 00:13:39 and focus. And whenever I'm stuck on an idea, 00:13:46 level of focus and concentration to the problem 00:13:51 Because if you are sitting there and you're, 00:13:56 you're, you know, walking around or you're 00:14:00 of possible ideas. 00:14:04 solution as quickly as you could. This, I 00:14:09 technique I like to use for decision-making 00:14:14 And I talk about that in my video on another 00:14:19 which is basically the rum on Moodle that 00:14:24 that the great memory master Giordano Bruno 00:14:28 So if you're interested in following with 00:14:30 video link in the description below. 00:14:35 generating lots of ideas in terms of, you 00:14:39 or your, you know, your retirement, all these 00:14:45 out. 00:14:47 it is having, you know, sort of a top-down 00:14:52 and cons. 00:14:55 center and you say the pros and the cons. 00:14:59 pros and cons list is also a great, there's 00:15:03 it with mind mapping and you can pluck different 00:15:09 to mind map them and get even more ideas. 00:15:15 mind mapping is that you don't need software. 00:15:19 softwares, but a lot of them, they wind up 00:15:23 this flow. 00:15:28 know about you, but I like to be off the computer 00:15:33 I don't want another digital solution for 00:15:38 operating with the non-digital world as possible, 00:15:45 those offline situations, which is precisely 00:15:51 solve problems and have solutions. 00:15:56 when we're in the real world, when we can't 00:16:01 that up. 00:16:04 or we want to be able to generate ideas spontaneously 00:16:08 So I think that mind mapping is just a lot 00:16:13 concentration solving problems, creating wonderful 00:16:21 to give, and then making it more interesting 00:16:25 to either reproduce our ideas in their own 00:16:30 not just these square grids or colored boxes 00:16:36 Now you may be wondering, is there any research 00:16:38 Well, Dr. Roger Sperry has done some research 00:16:44 on this. 00:16:47 parts of your brain. And it just stands to 00:16:52 putting three colors down in that central 00:16:58 to work in a different way. 00:17:01 a circle is going to cause you to think in 00:17:06 different parts of your brain, which is part 00:17:09 ways. 00:17:12 habit of going always in a clockwise circle, 00:17:18 down on you stiffens your ability. 00:17:23 counterclockwise fashion. And likewise, you 00:17:27 models like a spider diagram and so forth 00:17:32 contrast and comparison is itself a wonderful 00:17:37 So you don't always have to get locked down 00:17:39 that I really like this pattern and I revert 00:17:44 that feels very natural about it. 00:17:50 joy that comes from the way that it is activating 00:17:55 Sperry found in his research in terms of other 00:17:58 very found too, is that you get the best of 00:18:03 activated at the same time that you get your 00:18:08 So it's not as if just one half of the brain 00:18:11 very nicely, which is ultimately why my maps 00:18:17 comprehension and understanding when you're 00:18:22 remembering what you studied, because you 00:18:27 aspects, you recreating the ideas through 00:18:33 ways of representing that information. 00:18:39 about it, and you're able to see connections 00:18:43 that mind maps help you do. 00:18:47 and it would be your first mind map, then 00:18:51 of the ideas that Tony Buzan talked about. 00:18:56 when it comes to a particular goal. So the 00:19:00 mapping is, think, what is my goal? 00:19:05 to understand something? Or am I trying to 00:19:08 do something like tell a story, then you know, 00:19:13 And all I did was just have the central theme 00:19:17 rules. So this assumes that you know, how 00:19:22 figure out what those ideas are in a sequential 00:19:27 But if you want to maybe memorize something, 00:19:31 variables, whatever you think that might be, 00:19:37 Or if you're learning a language, you could 00:19:39 cooking in German, for example, and you put 00:19:45 Now three colors is the suggestion there. 00:19:51 put in your three colors, and then you start 00:19:56 And so, you know, at 12 o'clock, you would 00:20:01 you'd have another one. 00:20:05 up to 12 different words related to cooking. 00:20:11 cooking only 12, of course, but you have them 00:20:17 where 12 o'clock is, it's directly north of 00:20:23 and so forth, and you have 12 words related 00:20:29 And this is a wonderful way to bring the two 00:20:32 And of course you can change colors as you 00:20:37 you remember what that word was. 00:20:44 let me think of a German word for cooking, 00:20:51 spoon. 00:20:54 So you could imagine that spoon, maybe there's 00:21:01 And L O sorta sound and he's spooning. I dunno. 00:21:10 Now you got that first sound, so low flow, 00:21:16 truffles. 00:21:19 green and 12 o'clock is your green. Now they're 00:21:23 as you go later, what was that? 00:21:27 Oh, it was Rob Lowe, low plus truffles and 00:21:34 Now, this is assuming that I remembered the 00:21:39 would just proceed to one o'clock. 00:21:43 and fix it, and you can think of how that 00:21:47 Like you would have a medicine in the center, 00:21:51 maybe 12 of the negative side effects, but 00:21:56 ones, but the idea would be you don't try 00:21:59 circle it that around. 00:22:03 a perfect clockwise fashion, and you can also 00:22:08 PM and go that way as you please. 00:22:14 locked in space on that mind map, and you 00:22:19 because you simply think of the mind map. 00:22:25 at what, what, what was happening at 12 o'clock 00:22:29 And you can also use all of the recall rehearsal 00:22:33 So it's very, very wonderful way to use my 00:22:39 And you can think of how this can apply to 00:22:44 you don't have all the space for all the many 00:22:49 palace. 00:22:52 you going to remember 1200? All of which is 00:22:56 or digital, they do have the drawback of space 00:23:02 much stuff. 00:23:06 or theoretically unlimited space of a digital 00:23:10 it so overwhelmed with material that it would 00:23:15 And it would quickly get un-useful as my early 00:23:19 thing that Tony present impressed upon me 00:23:25 One night, he said, the rules will set you 00:23:29 you to think about rules and think about practicing, 00:23:36 rules. 00:23:40 so long because I use the rules that govern 00:23:44 a very, very long time, but let's not say 00:23:48 And you know, sometimes when you know, the 00:23:53 able to get so much more out of them by not 00:23:58 the wheel, not trying to constantly innovate, 00:24:03 And it's the same thing with mind mapping. 00:24:08 this framework, using some of the suggestions 00:24:12 more out of it. 00:24:16 focus on something like this as a discipline 00:24:21 at it. 00:24:23 because you set limits. And that is why people 00:24:30 is because they had limits. 00:24:35 drawings are all based upon particular formulas 00:24:41 forward in life, it may be because you just 00:24:46 to go back to what Tony Buzan said, the rules 00:24:53 The only thing is, is that you've got to find 00:24:56 Now, do you have to adhere to them forever 00:25:01 Amen? No, I don't think so. But what I do 00:25:02 day rule or Metivier's razor, which means 00:25:09 least 90 days and practiced it as a serious 00:25:15 and implement it for at least 90 days, then 00:25:21 that you tried. 00:25:24 very true. In so many cases, there are many, 00:25:30 be learned with any degree of that robustness 00:25:36 how it could possibly help you. 00:25:40 And in a lot of scientific research, we know 00:25:45 takes for a habit to form your brain needs 00:25:50 and the Myleene chiefs to start doing their 00:25:56 that enable you to have that habit carry on 00:26:02 There's so much more to say about mind mapping, 00:26:06 to use mind maps, I want to thank our channel 00:26:13 I want to thank everybody who has one of my 00:26:14 get a better memory and to experience so much 00:26:20 the mind map and memory palaces. 00:26:25 method masterclass called the camp mist formula 00:26:29 And I just want to thank everybody who already 00:26:33 to in the FAQ section, check it out. 00:26:37 ability to create my maps, that work as memory 00:26:45 all that works. 00:26:49 together and working in flow for one of the 00:26:55 passed level three in Mandarin. 00:26:59 when the world was about to go upside down. 00:27:04 that long ago. 00:27:07 especially appreciated because of being able 00:27:13 that I find people have talked to me about 00:27:21 and so forth is that they have self doubt. 00:27:26 my heart because it's really something that 00:27:32 the things that I'm so blessed that I was 00:27:36 and to have some of his feedback and suggestions 00:27:43 made for the future of my work. 00:27:48 It's so much of what a mind map on there has 00:27:52 And you know, it's a plan, but things happen. 00:27:57 on the plan, but more or less, I still focus 00:28:02 My map that I created, and it's just been 00:28:06 there something that can be referred to visually 00:28:10 it's a reminder of what you committed to do, 00:28:15 And this is really, really powerful because 00:28:18 than the plan itself. So I would highly recommend 00:28:24 mind mapping to gain more confidence, well, 00:28:30 additional set of tips and strategies. 00:28:36 my video on using a memory journal in combination 00:28:42 help create confidence and clarity and this 00:28:49 Now. You've got to do all three of the mind 00:28:54 to get the biggest possible benefits. 00:28:59 already and watch my video on using a memory