Infectious Disease Puscast #66: Literature Review (October 8-23, 2024)
0:00 Introduction: Daniel Griffin and Sarah Dong review infectious disease literature from the past two weeks.
1:57 Viral:
1:57 HPV Prevalence in Danish Men: A study in the Journal of Infectious Diseases (JID) found that a girls-only HPV vaccination program significantly reduced HPV prevalence in young men, particularly for high-risk types. However, overall prevalence remains high due to less carcinogenic types, suggesting potential benefits of gender-neutral vaccination.
4:57 HIV Primary Care Guidance Update: The HIV Medicine Association (HIVMA) and Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) released updated primary care guidance for people with HIV, including expanded sections on patient-centered care, immunizations, cancer screening, STIs, and metabolic disease.
7:22 Bacterial:
7:22 Linezolid vs. Clindamycin for Invasive Group A Strep: A retrospective study in Lancet Infectious Diseases compared linezolid and clindamycin as adjunctive therapy to beta-lactams for invasive group A strep. The study found no significant difference in in-hospital mortality or C. difficile infection.
12:52 Tapered vs. Standard Vancomycin for C. difficile: A retrospective study in Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology found that a 12-week tapered oral vancomycin regimen significantly reduced C. difficile recurrence compared to standard 10-14 day therapy.
16:51 Oral Vancomycin Prophylaxis for C. difficile in Autologous Stem Cell Transplant: A study in Open Forum Infectious Diseases (OFID) evaluated primary oral vancomycin prophylaxis for C. difficile in autologous stem cell transplant recipients. It found a reduction in in-hospital C. difficile but no impact on post-discharge infection.
19:54 Vibrio metoecus Septicemia: JID reported the first fatal case of septicemia caused by Vibrio metoecus, highlighting the potential for emerging vibrio species to cause severe infections.
22:06 Fungal:
22:06 Chromoblastomycosis Global Strategy: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases published a paper on a global strategy to address chromoblastomycosis, a neglected fungal infection affecting agricultural workers in tropical and subtropical regions.
25:45 Blastomycosis Outbreak in Michigan: Clinical Infectious Diseases (CID) reported on a large blastomycosis outbreak at a paper mill in Michigan, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.
29:14 Candida auris Virulence and Variation: PLoS Pathogens explored the role of phenotypic plasticity and interspecies variation in the virulence of Candida auris, suggesting a complex community strategy that allows the fungus to adapt to different environments.
31:28 Parasitic:
31:28 Babesiosis Co-infection and Mortality: OFID published a study on babesiosis co-infection prevalence and its association with mortality. Interestingly, co-infection was associated with lower mortality, possibly due to increased medical attention for co-infected individuals.
34:29 New WHO Guidelines for Rhodesiense HAT: Lancet Infectious Diseases announced new WHO guidelines for treating Rhodesiense human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), recommending fexinidazole and pentamidine as first-line therapies, replacing older drugs with potentially severe side effects.
37:19 Miscellaneous:
37:19 Pediatric Infectious Disease Telemedicine: JIDS published a study demonstrating the social and environmental benefits of pediatric infectious disease telemedicine, including reduced travel and improved access to care.
40:07 Conclusion: The hosts summarize the reviewed articles and encourage listeners to submit questions and suggestions. They also solicit support for the MicrobeTV podcasts.