This presentation, part of the PKKMB (orientation) event at the Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, features Engineer Teguh Prasetyo, Chairman of the Indonesia Ayoti Association (IoT Indonesia Association), discussing the Internet of Things (IoT) in the context of Industry 4.0, specifically its application and importance in healthcare (Health Tech). The speaker emphasizes the need for technology literacy among future healthcare professionals, explaining how IoT, through its layers (device, network, platform, application) and five pillars for humanity (Healthcare, Safety/Security, Efficiency, Productivity, Food & Beverage), is transforming the sector. He highlights the acceleration of Health Tech driven by the COVID-19 pandemic and digitalization's significant economic impact and potential in Indonesia. Challenges such as data security, infrastructure readiness, cost, and the potential for job displacement are addressed by emphasizing the need for personal data protection laws, upskilling, collaboration across disciplines, and viewing technology as an opportunity for innovation and increased productivity. The presentation concludes with a call for students to be proactive, learn, collaborate, and become creators within the burgeoning IoT ecosystem in Indonesia.
Internet of Things (IoT) in Healthcare: Opportunities and Adaptation for Future Healthcare Professionals
0:10 Welcome & Introduction: Introduction of the afternoon session focusing on the Internet of Things (IoT) delivered by Engineer Teguh Prasetyo, Chairman of the Indonesia Ayoti Association, moderated by Dr. Yanuar Iman Santosa for the Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University (Undip) orientation event.
0:26 Necessity of Technology Literacy: In the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era, healthcare professionals must be technology literate ("heltec" must grow) as technology simplifies work, increases efficiency, and aids in diagnosis and actions.
0:51 Technology Facilitates Healthcare: Symptoms previously requiring lab tests can now be monitored using sensors attached to the body, enabling easier connection and interconnectedness, especially highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
4:22 Pandemic Accelerates Health Tech: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the growth of healthcare technology, including tracking, reporting, alerting, and facilitating telemedicine/online consultations which were previously difficult to implement.
6:16 Year of Ayoti for Humanity: The Ayoti association designates the current year as the "year of Ayoti for humanity," aiming for faster development, particularly in health, with a vision of making lives safer, easier, more comfortable, and healthier.
9:10 Ubiquity of IoT (Ayoti): Many people use IoT devices daily without realizing it, especially smartphones (referred to as the most expensive Ayoti device due to its sensors).
10:44 Definition and Layers of IoT: According to ITU (2012), IoT involves all connected devices (physical and virtual, not just humans) linked via ICT networks (wired/wireless, various technologies). It consists of four layers: Device/Sensor, Network, Platform (cloud/on-premises for data processing, storage, security), and Application (Smart Healthcare, Smart Transportation, etc.).
13:30 Pillars of Ayoti for Humanity: Ayoti's vision is supported by five pillars: Healthcare (preventive observation, medication handling, post-treatment maintenance), Safety & Security (tracking, reporting, alerting, e.g., COVID-19 app), Efficiency (real-time, interoperable activities), Productivity (individual and community increase), and Food & Beverage (healthy F&B, green/organic practices, traceable delivery).
16:46 Collaboration is Key: Success requires collaboration among stakeholders: Government (regulator, facilitator, consumer), Private Sector (producer, consumer), Public (end-user, developer, makers, hobbyists), Academia (educator, researcher, user), and Media (resonator for faster dissemination).
18:34 Transformation Drivers: The application of IoT drives transformation through device/service connectivity, ecosystem growth, data protection (crucial for patient health data), and security of solutions.
19:17 Partnerships & Standardization: Open architecture and platforms with standardization and interoperability are needed for partnerships and scaling projects from local to national/global.
20:13 Digitalization's Impact on GDP: Indonesia's digitalization index score is low; increasing it by 10-20% could significantly increase GDP, citing examples like Malaysia and America.
21:27 Real Examples of Digitalization: Digitalization has drastically increased productivity and income (e.g., online vs. offline motorcycle taxis/shops).
23:37 Projected IoT Market in Indonesia: By 2025, IoT implementation could contribute $120 billion USD (1700 trillion rupiah) to Indonesia's economy, driven by optimizing operations, improving public health/productivity, and enhancing products/sales. Smart wearable devices in humans contribute a significant portion of this market.
26:05 COVID-19's Positive Impact on Healthcare: The pandemic has had a very positive impact on the growth of the healthcare industry compared to others.
27:04 Healthcare 4.0 - Changing Roles: The 21st century requires tech-literate healthcare professionals who understand and utilize technology as part of their profession, moving beyond memory-based practices.
28:49 Smart Healthcare Ecosystem: The ecosystem involves people (monitoring, cash management, social), goods/services (tracking, delivery, feedback), community (traffic/infrastructure status, alerts), environments (weather, resources, water/energy management), houses (security, alerts), and healthcare facilities (paramedic/risk management, emergency alerts).
30:34 Opportunities in Indonesia Post-COVID: Opportunities include expanding broadband access, accelerating e-commerce/delivery (especially for fresh/healthy food), remote work/study, online healthcare/equipment, online education, digitized government services, and growth of smart areas (cities, villages, shophouses).
32:41 IoT Everywhere: IoT is increasingly present in daily life, from home and commute to offices, campuses, and public spaces.
33:18 Industry 4.0's Influence on Healthcare: Industry 4.0 changes employment (target/skill-based), technology adoption (fast growth, new skillsets needed), education methods (multi-way learning), and the roles of nurses/doctors (digital natives, cross-specialists, Ayoti experts).
36:26 Technology Behind Health Tech: Health Tech relies on various technologies: IoT itself, Cloud Computing, Data Analytics/Machine Learning, Big Data, various Networks (IoT, broadband), and Sensors (wearable, nano). Examples like Elon Musk's brain sensors are pushing boundaries.
37:43 Smart Vital Architecture/Smart Hospital: Describes the architecture involving sensors (medical devices, waste management), network (mobile, wireless), embedded technologies (IoT, internet), platform (data processing, interface), and applications (HIS, management, data analysis for decision making), emphasizing that patient data becomes a key asset. Smart Hospital can be implemented without a physical location.
41:11 Other Healthcare IoT Applications: Includes Smart Patient, Smart Home Care, and platforms for healthcare management and security. Devices can range from simple sensors to wearables, cameras, etc.
42:32 Expected Benefits: Implementing IoT in healthcare is expected to increase learning experience, improve operational efficiency, reduce costs, increase reliability, and improve safety and health.
57:11 Conclusion & Call to Action: To face the future, continuous adaptation to technology is needed, as new tech brings new processes, mindsets, skill sets, and job fields. Acceleration (policy, skills, education) and collaboration (cooperation, data protection) are crucial.
1:02:28 Addressing Security Threats: Data security is paramount; the Indonesia Ayoti Association advocates for a Personal Data Protection Law. IoT technology has 4 layers of security (device, network, platform, application). National skill standards for Ayoti security experts exist.
1:06:34 Addressing Negative Impacts/Job Displacement: Technology should be seen as an opportunity, not a threat. Robots/automation in healthcare (e.g., mixing medicine, surgery assistance) increase productivity and accuracy. Healthcare workers need to upskill to become operators and analysts of these technologies. Indonesia missed previous industrial waves by fearing job loss, which resulted in being left behind while others created new jobs.
1:15:14 Addressing Infrastructure/Readiness: IoT networks are not solely dependent on existing mobile operators. Indonesia has regulations allowing users/providers to build license-free IoT networks (e.g., using 900MHz band). Many IoT applications require low bandwidth suitable for these networks, even in remote areas.
1:18:12 Tips for Students to Adapt: Identify career goals (operator, supervisor, engineer, manager). Develop skills in design, assembly, operation, maintenance, engineering, and sales/introduction. Understand the basics of IoT application frameworks (e.g., flowcharting problems). Collaborate with students from other disciplines (engineering, IT, economics) to build solutions. Build communities. Basic coding knowledge is helpful, but deeper expertise can come from collaboration. Understand the 4 IoT layers in the context of healthcare problems.
1:32:44 Addressing Cost of Development: The beauty of Ayoti is that it doesn't have to be expensive to start. Basic kits are hundreds of thousands of rupiah. Cost depends on the specific need and scale. Mass production and technological advancements continuously lower hardware costs.
1:34:17 Addressing Accuracy of Sensors: Sensor accuracy depends on the grade (consumer grade vs. medical grade). Medical grade sensors are equivalent to traditional devices (e.g., mercury tensimeter) and are becoming more accurate and economical over time. Accuracy needs depend on the specific application (reference vs. precise measurement).
1:37:46 Addressing 3D Printing: 3D printing is not just for paper; it can create physical objects from designs. In healthcare, it's used for things like dentures or prosthetic hands (Undip has a project replicating bionic hands at much lower cost). Collaboration between medical and engineering fields is key for this.
1:41:52 Cost of IoT Development for Students: Starting development doesn't require large capital; affordable kits like Arduino or ESP32 cost hundreds of thousands rupiah. Community collaboration can also help with resources and knowledge sharing.
1:54:47 Closing Remarks: Reiterate the importance of continuous learning, adaptation, collaboration, and seeing problems as opportunities. Encourage students to be proactive in learning about Health Tech development and get involved in communities or projects. The opportunities in Indonesia are vast and require young innovators.